SpringBoot学习之SpringBoot执行器

    在以往的分布式开发当中,各个服务节点的监控必不可少。监控包含有很多方面,比如说:内存占用情况,节点是否健康等。在spring-boot会给我们提供相关资源监控叫做spring-boot-actuator通过执行器可以帮我管理和监控生产环境下的应用服务。

 一。添加SpringBoot执行器的依赖(版本2.0.0.RELEASE)

   添加gradle配置依赖:

dependencies {
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator')
}
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 二。关于SpringBoot的端点

     端点是一个提供给我们监控应用程序的功能点,SpringBoot提供了一系列内置端点叫我们使用,举个例子:health端点为我们提供了一个对我们基础程序的一个健康状态的监控

每个端点都可以打开或关闭,绝大多数的应用都可以通过http请求进行访问,springboot包含很多内置内置端点。tips:参考官网的

ID Description Enabled by default

auditevents

Exposes audit events information for the current application.

Yes

beans

Displays a complete list of all the Spring beans in your application.

Yes

conditions

Shows the conditions that were evaluated on configuration and auto-configuration classes and the reasons why they did or did not match.

Yes

configprops

Displays a collated list of all @ConfigurationProperties.

Yes

env

Exposes properties from Spring’s ConfigurableEnvironment.

Yes

flyway

Shows any Flyway database migrations that have been applied.

Yes

health

Shows application health information.

Yes

httptrace

Displays HTTP trace information (by default, the last 100 HTTP request-response exchanges).

Yes

info

Displays arbitrary application info.

Yes

loggers

Shows and modifies the configuration of loggers in the application.

Yes

liquibase

Shows any Liquibase database migrations that have been applied.

Yes

metrics

Shows ‘metrics’ information for the current application.

Yes

mappings

Displays a collated list of all @RequestMapping paths.

Yes

scheduledtasks

Displays the scheduled tasks in your application.

Yes

sessions

Allows retrieval and deletion of user sessions from a Spring Session-backed session store. Not available when using Spring Session’s support for reactive web applications.

Yes

shutdown

Lets the application be gracefully shutdown.

No

threaddump

Performs a thread dump.

Yes

  

有几点要补充说明一下:

  1). 我们访问的端点监控的地址规范是:/actuator/{ID}的方式访问,比如说:health端点默认被映射的路径就是/actuator/health

      2) 并不是所有端点都可以通过http请求访问,以下表格列举了各个端点的状态值:

ID JMX Web

auditevents

Yes

No

beans

Yes

No

conditions

Yes

No

configprops

Yes

No

env

Yes

No

flyway

Yes

No

health

Yes

Yes

heapdump

N/A

No

httptrace

Yes

No

info

Yes

Yes

jolokia

N/A

No

logfile

N/A

No

loggers

Yes

No

liquibase

Yes

No

metrics

Yes

No

mappings

Yes

No

prometheus

N/A

No

scheduledtasks

Yes

No

sessions

Yes

No

shutdown

Yes

No

threaddump

Yes

No

  
    我们可以发现默认情况下只有health与info端点才能通过http请求访问,当然我们可以在属性文件中配置  management.endpoints.web.exposure.include 来开放可以访问的端点:
    
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoints.web.exposure.exclude=env,beans

 

3)当我们访问端点时,响应的数据会缓存一定的时间,我们可以通过这个属性进行配置:

  

management.endpoint..cache.time-to-live=10s

 

4) 我们也可以自己定义监视路径,默认情况是:/actuator/xxx,通过如下属性可以设置:
management.endpoints.web.base-path=/

5) 关于保护敏感端点,首先我们要添加对spring-security的依赖,并设置进行安全验证的用户名,密码以及角色,如果不使用spring-security就要慎重考虑暴露端口的端点了

 

   三。关于Health端点

  1.  health端点用于检测我们运行程序的健康状态,当程序宕机时,可以提供给开发人员相关的提示信息
  2. 默认情况下该端点只是显示简略的监控信息,不过我们可以通过management.endpoint.health.show-details属性来让其显示详细的监控信息
  3. 端点有如下几种状态: UP DOWN UNKNOW-SERVICE 从字面上我们很好理解
  4. 实现自定义健康监控:
package com.bdqn.lyrk.springboot.study.monitor;

import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.Health;
import org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.HealthIndicator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class SelfMonitor implements HealthIndicator {
    @Override
    public Health health() {
        return Health.up().withDetail("health","next").build();
    }
}
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    例子很简单,主要是实现HealthIndicator接口,当我们访问:http://localhost:8080/actuator/health时,我们可以看到相关监控信息,如下图:

    SpringBoot学习之SpringBoot执行器_第1张图片

 

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