英语-动词/句子变化（小学概念）

实义动词

除了 助动词 和 情态助动词 以外的，都是实义动词

助动词

助动词不具备语义，不能单独作为句子谓语，必须和实义动词连用
构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问
be，do，have既可以作为系动词也可以作为助动词

be：am，is，are，was，were，been，being
do：does，did
have：has，had，having

助动词	功能	案例
be	进行时	I'm studying grammar
	被动语态	I was cheated
do	帮助实义动词构成否定	I don't like english
	帮助实义动词构成疑问	Do you like english?
have	构成完成时	I have studied english for 3 years

情态助动词

用来表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力、怀疑等，表示说话者对某种行为或者状态的看法和态度

can/could，may/might，must，shall/shoud，will/would
have to，ought to，used to，need/dare

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陈述语句否定

谓语动词含有be动词或者情态动词，在其后直接加not

He is teacher. -> He is not teacher.
He will come to party. -> He will not come to party.

谓语动词是实义动词，借助于do+not构成

I like English. -> I don't like English
He likes English. -> He does not like English.

一般疑问句

一般疑问句，只需要将be动词或者情态动词移到句首
一般疑问句的回答方式，肯定用yes，否定用no

Is he a teacher? Yes, he is. No, he isn't.
Can he swim? Yes, he can. No, he can't.

谓语动词是实义动词，借助于do或does，放在句首

Does he like English? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
Do you like English? Yes, i do. No, i don't.

特殊疑问句

特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
作主语的疑问句 + 谓语部分

对人提问 who
对事物或者有关所做的事情提问 what
对时间提问 when
对方式提问 how
对地点提问 where
对原因提问 why

要接名词连用的提问
说话者提供多种选择对象供对方选择时，用which来提供
which后面也可以不接名词，which作为代词

Can you lend me you pen?
**Which pen/ which one/ which** do you want?
That red one. Thanks.

whose后面必须接名词连用，表示“谁的什么东西？”

**Whose book** is this?
**Whose car** did you borrow last night?

how 可以单独使用，是对动作的方式进行提问

how do you go to school?
how did he break his leg?

how 常与形容词或副词连用

how old are you?
how far is it from your home to school?

how often/how many times...?对动作发生的频率提问
every / every other / once a / twice a / three times a +day/week/month/year

how often do you go shopping?
how many times a week do you go shopping?