一.python内置函数
1.id()返回对象的内存地址
a = 1 print id(a) print id(1)
2.int()用于将数据类型转换为整型
a = "1" b = 2 print int(a) + b
3.str()用于将数据类型转换为字符串
age = 18 name = "zhengying" print name + " age is " + str(age) + " years old"
4.len()返回对象(字符、列表、元组、字典、集合等)长度或项目个数
- int型不能使用len()函数
name = "xinfangshuo" tu = ("zhao","qian","sun") lt = ["zhao","qian","sun"] dic = {"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4} se = {"zhao","qian","sun","li","zhou"} print len(se)
5.raw_input()输入
raw_input("请输入账号:") raw_input("请输入密码:") print "登录成功" name = raw_input("请告诉我你的名字:") print "好的," + name
#简单整数加法计算器 num1 = raw_input("请输入第一个数字:") num2 = raw_input("请输入第二个数字:") print int(num1) + int(num2)
6.type()用于查看字符类型
num = raw_input("请输入第一个数字:") print type(num)
7.abs()返回数字的绝对值
num1 = raw_input("请输入第一个数字:") num2 = raw_input("请输入第二个数字:") print abs(int(num1) + int(num2))
8. 最大值、最小值、求和
- max()返回最大值
- min()返回最小值
- sum()返回和
list1 = [1,3,4,5,34,79,12,4] list2 = [1,3,4,5,79,12,4] print max(list1) print min(list1) print sum(list1)-sum(list2)
9.open()打开文件
file4 = open('d:\\test1.txt','r') for i in file4.readlines(): print i file4.close()
10.range()用于创建一个整数列表,一般用在 for 循环中
print range(5) print range(1,5) print range(0,5,2)
list1 = [] for i in range(101): if i % 2 ==0: list1.append(i) print sum(list1) sum1 = 0 for i in range(0,101,2): sum1 += i print sum1