学员管理
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Title
stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css">
stylesheet" href="/static/plugins/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.css">
<div class="container">
<div style="padding: 20px 0;">
#" id="addBtn" class="btn btn-primary ">添加
#" class="btn btn-danger">删除
div>
<div>
| ID | 姓名 | 年龄 | 性别 | 班级 | 操作 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nid">{{ row.id }} | user">{{ row.username }} | age">{{ row.age }} | gender">{{ row.gender }} | cls_id" cid="{{ row.cs_id }}">{{ row.cs.title }} | class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove icon del-row"> class="fa fa-pencil-square-o icon edit-row"> |
class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">创建学生
div> <div class="modal-body"> div> <div class="modal-footer"> <span id="errorMsg" style="color: red">span> div> div> div> div> <div class="modal fade" id="delModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">删除学生信息？
<div>text " style="display: none" id="delNid">div> <div> div> div> div> div> <div class="modal fade" id="editModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header">class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">编辑学生
div> <div class="modal-body"> div> <div class="modal-footer"> <span id="errorMsg" style="color: red">span> div> div> div> div>
from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render # Create your views here. from app01 import models import json def student(request): cla_list = models.Classes.objects.all() stu_list = models.Student.objects.all() return render(request , 'student.html' , {'stu_list': stu_list , 'cla_list': cla_list}) def add_student(request): response = {'status': True , 'message': None , 'data': None} try: u = request.POST.get('username') a = request.POST.get('age') g = request.POST.get('gender') c = request.POST.get('cls_id') obj = models.Student.objects.create( username=u , age=a , gender=g , cs_id=c , ) response['data'] = obj.id except Exception as e: response['status'] = False response['message'] = '用户输入错误' result = json.dumps(response) return HttpResponse(result) def del_student(request): ret = {'status': True} try: nid = request.GET.get('nid') models.Student.objects.filter(id=nid).delete() except Exception as e: ret['status'] = False return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret)) def edit_student(request): response = {'code': 1000 , 'message': None} try: nid = request.POST.get('nid') u = request.POST.get('user') a = request.POST.get('age') g = request.POST.get('gender') c = request.POST.get('cls_id') models.Student.objects.filter(id=nid).update( username=u , age=a , gender=g , cs_id=c , ) except Exception as e: response['code']=1001 response['message']=str(e) return HttpResponse(json.dumps(response))
paging
分页组件
a.内置
b.扩展
c.自定义
f1.html
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Title
{% csrf_token %}
index1.html
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-
{% for user in user_list %}
- {{ user.name }}-{{ user.age }} {% endfor %}
-
{% for user in posts.object_list %}
- {{ user.name }}-{{ user.age }} {% endfor %}
-
{% for row in data %}
- {{ row.name }}-{{ row.age }} {% endfor %}
- class="pagination pagination-sm">
{{ page_obj.page_str|safe }}
from django.shortcuts import render from django.core.paginator import Paginator , EmptyPage , PageNotAnInteger # Create your views here. USER_LIST = [] for i in range(1 , 666): temp = {'name': 'root' + str(i) , 'age': i} USER_LIST.append(temp) def index(request): per_page_count = 10 current_page = request.GET.get('p') current_page = int(current_page) start = (current_page - 1) * per_page_count end = current_page * per_page_count data = USER_LIST[start:end] prev_pager = current_page - 1 next_pager = current_page + 1 if current_page <= 1: prev_pager = 1 return render(request , 'index.html' , { 'user_list': data , 'current_page': current_page , 'prev_pager': prev_pager , 'next_pager': next_pager , }) class CustomPaginator(Paginator): def __init__(self , current_page , per_pager_num , *args , **kwargs): # 当前页 self.current_page = int(current_page) # 最多显示的页码数量11 self.per_page_num = int(per_pager_num) super(CustomPaginator , self).__init__(*args , **kwargs) def pager_num_rang(self): # 总页数 if self.num_pages < self.per_page_num: return range(1 , self.num_pages + 1) # 总页数特别多 5 part = int(self.per_page_num / 2) if self.current_page <= part: return range(1 , self.per_page_num + 1) if (self.current_page + part) > self.num_pages: return range(self.num_pages - self.per_page_num + 1 , self.num_pages + 1) return range(self.current_page - part , self.current_page + part + 1) def index1(request): # 全部数据：USER_LIST，==》得出共有多少条数据 # per_page: 每页显示条目数量 # count: 数据总个数 # num_pages:总页数 # page_range:总页数的索引范围，如: (1,10),(1,200) # page: page对象（是否具有下一页；是否具有上一页；） current_page = request.GET.get('p') # Paginator对象 paginator = CustomPaginator(current_page , 7 , USER_LIST , 10) try: # Page 对象 posts = paginator.page(current_page) # has_next 是否有下一页 # next_page_number 下一页页码 # has_previous 是否有上一页 # previous_page_number 上一页页码 # object_list 分页之后的数据列表 # number 当前页 # paginator paginator对象 except PageNotAnInteger: posts = paginator.page(1) except EmptyPage: posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) return render(request , 'index1.html' , {'posts': posts}) def index2(request): from app01.pager import Pagination current_page = request.GET.get('p') page_obj = Pagination(666 , current_page) data_list = USER_LIST[page_obj.start():page_obj.end()] return render(request , 'index2.html' , {'data': data_list , 'page_obj': page_obj})
class Pagination(object): def __init__(self , totalCount , currentPage , perPageNum=10 , maxPageNum=6): # 数据总个数 self.total_count = totalCount # 当前页 try: v = int(currentPage) if v < 0: v = 1 self.current_page = v except Exception as e: self.current_page = 1 # 每页显示的行数 self.per_page_item_num = perPageNum # 最多显示页面 self.max_page_num = maxPageNum def start(self): return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_item_num def end(self): return self.current_page * self.per_page_item_num @property def num_pages(self): ''' 总页数 :return: ''' # 666 # 10 a , b = divmod(self.total_count , self.per_page_item_num) if b == 0: return a return a + 1 def pager_num_rang(self): # 总页数 if self.num_pages < self.max_page_num: return range(1 , self.num_pages + 1) # 总页数特别多 5 part = int(self.max_page_num / 2) if self.current_page <= part: return range(1 , self.max_page_num + 1) if (self.current_page + part) > self.num_pages: return range(self.num_pages - self.max_page_num + 1 , self.num_pages + 1) return range(self.current_page - part , self.current_page + part + 1) def page_str(self): page_list = [] first = '
Form
from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render from django.shortcuts import redirect from django import forms from django.forms import fields # Create your views here. class F1Form(forms.Form): user = fields.CharField( max_length=18 , min_length=6 , required=True , error_messages={ 'required': '用户名不能为空', 'max_length': '太长了', 'min_length': '太短了', } ) pwd = fields.CharField(min_length=32 , required=True) age = fields.IntegerField( required=True , error_messages={ 'required': '年龄不能为空', 'invalid': '必须为数字', } ) email = fields.EmailField( required=True , min_length=8 , error_messages={ 'required': '邮箱不能为空', 'invalid': '邮箱格式错误', } ) def f1(request): if request.method == 'GET': obj=F1Form() return render(request , 'f1.html',{'obj':obj}) else: # u = request.POST.get('user')#不能为空，长度6-18 # p = request.POST.get('pwd')#不能为空，长度32 # e = request.POST.get('email')#不能为空，邮箱格式 # a = request.POST.get('age')#不能为空，数字类型 # 1、检查是否为空 # 2、检查格式是否正确 obj = F1Form(request.POST) # 是否全部验证成功 if obj.is_valid(): # 用户提交的数据 print('验证成功' , obj.cleaned_data) return redirect('http://www.xiaohuar.com') else: print('验证失败' , obj.errors) return render(request , 'f1.html' , {'obj': obj})
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Title
{% csrf_token %}
作用：验证+（生成HTML+保存上次提交的数据）
使用：
1、创建类
2、创建字段（）
3、验证用户输入：
obj=Form(request.POST,request.FILES)
if obj.is_valid():
obj.cleaned_data
else:
obj.errors
4、clean_字段
5、clean() _post_clean()
PS:__all__ 整体错误信息
1.form类的运行顺序是init，clean，validte，save
其中clean和validate会在form.is_valid()方法中被先后调用。(这里留有一个疑问，结构完全相同的两个form，但是一个为先验证后clean，另一个先clean后验证。原因不明。)
这里https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/forms/validation/给的是先验证后clean
2.cleaned_data中的值类型与字段定义的Field类型一致。
如果字段定义charfield，那么clean方法返回的cleaned_data中对应的字段值就是字符型，
定义为ModelChoiceField，则cleaned_data中字段值是某个model实例。
定义为ModelMultipleChoiceField，则cleaned_data中字段值是个model实例list。
3.clean等步骤遇到的异常：Exception Value: argument of type 'NoneType' is not iterable.
可能是cleaned_data中某个字段值应该是个列表，实际上却是空值。
4.ModelForm的Meta类中定义的fields
默认的Field是Model中定义的Field，如需更改，可在Form类内以同名字段覆盖，比如自定义widget和required属性等。
不管字段在form中怎么自定义，cleaned_data中对应的值都必须按照model中定义的字段类型取值，否则校验不通过或保存时报错。
暂时记这几条，form还可以重写init、save方法，并且可以自定义方法。如果对这几个东西不懂，想办法找例子读一遍就懂了。
※※※ clean方法重写时一定不要忘了return cleaned_data ※※※
补充：
5.form的四种初始化方式
①实例化oneform(initial={'onefield':value})
②定义字段时给初始化值oneformfield = forms.CharField(initial=value)
③重写Form类的__init__()方法：self.fields['onefield'].initial = value
④当给form传参instanse(即oneform(instanse=onemodel_instance))时，前三种初始化方法会全部失效，即使重写__init__时，先调用父类的__init__再使用方法③，仍然无效(不是很爽)。
这时想重新初始化字段值只能在__init__()里 self.initial['title'] = value，直接对Form类的initial属性字典赋值。
序列化
JavaScript:
JSON.parse()
JSON.stringify()
Django:
json.dumps()
json.loads()
问题：
serialize : model.TB.objects.all()
json : list(model.TB.objects.values())
json : list(model.TB.objects.value_list())
文件上传
from django.http import HttpResponse from django.shortcuts import render from django.forms import fields from django import forms class UploadForm(forms.Form): user = fields.CharField() img = fields.FileField() # Create your views here. def upload(request): if request.method == "GET": return render(request , 'upload.html') else: # obj=UploadForm(request.POST,request.FILES) # if obj.is_valid(): # user=obj.cleaned_data['user'] # img=obj.cleaned_data['img'] img = request.FILES.get('img') # img是对象（文件大小，文件名称，文件内容。。。） user = request.FILES.get('img') f = open(img.name , 'wb') for line in img.chunks(): f.write(line) f.close() return HttpResponse('ok')
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Title