Linux系统常见命令缩写的由来
为了方便记忆linux常见的命令，理解其含义，现在整理了常见命令的缩写的含义：
man: Manual
pwd：Print working directory（红帽子打包管理器是RedHat的发明之一）
su：Swith user（切换用户）
cd：Change directory（改变目录）
ls：List files(列出目录内容)
ps：Process Status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf
ps -auxf 显示进程状态
mkdir：Make directory(创建目录)
rmdir：Remove directory（删除目录）
mkfs: Make file system
fsck：File system check
cat: Concatenate（concatenate连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中）
uname: Unix name
df: Disk free（其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。）
du: Disk usage
lsmod: List modules
mv: Move file
rm: Remove file（删除目录或文件）
cp: Copy file
ln-s: Link files（link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式）
ln: Link files
fg: Foreground
bg: Backgroundchown: Change owner
chgrp: Change group
chmod: Change mode
umount: Unmount
dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“C Complier”，所以命名为“dd”
tar：Tape archive
ldd：List dynamic dependencies
insmod：Install module （载入模块）
rmmod：Remove module
lsmod：List module
文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
Knnxxx / Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
RPM：Red hat package manager（红帽子打包管理器）
dpkg：Debian package manager
apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）
部分Linux命令缩
bin = BINaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件
/dev = DEVices #下面的是一些硬件驱动
/etc = ETCetera #目录存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于windows下的system
/lib = LIBrary /proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = VARiable ?
/boot=boot #下面的是开机启动文件
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，
SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page
Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language"
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as = assembler
awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
tee = T (T形水管接口)
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文
art tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uniq = UNIQue
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
Fish = the Friendly Interactive
SHell su = Switch User
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association
参考文献：
http://blog.licess.com/linux_command_name/
https://wenku.baidu.com/view/74600fed172ded630b1cb6ab.html?sxts=1523607759545
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5bce66f00100qq0p.html