Android Beacon 开发（IBeacon）
iBeacon是苹果公司2013年9月发布的移动设备用OS（ios7）上配备的新功能。其主要的工作方式就是：配备有低功耗蓝牙
（BLE）通信功能的设备使用BLE技术向周围发送自己特有的ID。
这个网址对iBeacon进行了基本介绍，建议大家去阅读一下:http://www.beaconsandwich.com/what-is-ibeacon.html
在2015年，谷歌发布Eddystone，它其实类似于iBeacon。
对于这两者的主要区别，大家可以浏览这个网址的内容:https://www.zhihu.com/question/32708729
本文的demo开发是基于github上的一个开源项目Altbeacon:https://github.com/AltBeacon/android-beacon-library
Aitebeacon官方网站：http://altbeacon.github.io/android-beacon-library/
本文参照了：http://blog.csdn.net/wjskeepmaking/article/details/52067585
本文代码已上传至CSDN：http://download.csdn.net/download/eueheuen/10212291
1，创建工程之后，在buid.gradle中导入AltBeacon Library:
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
//noinspection GradleDynamicVersion
implementation 'org.altbeacon:android-beacon-library:2+'
}
2，创建一个Application，这个Application需要实现一个接口:BootstrapNotifier：
public class MyApp extends Application implements BootstrapNotifier {
private RegionBootstrap regionBootstrap;
private BackgroundPowerSaver backgroundPowerSaver;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
BeaconManager beaconManager = org.altbeacon.beacon.BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(this);
beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().clear();
beaconManager.getBeaconParsers().add(new BeaconParser()
.setBeaconLayout("m:2-3=0215,i:4-19,i:20-21,i:22-23,p:24-24,d:25-25"));
Region region = new Region("all-region-beacon",null,null,null);
regionBootstrap = new RegionBootstrap(this,region);
backgroundPowerSaver = new BackgroundPowerSaver(this);
}
@Override
public void didEnterRegion(Region region) {
}
@Override
public void didExitRegion(Region region) {
}
@Override
public void didDetermineStateForRegion(int i, Region region) {
}
}
3，添加相关权限：
android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" /> 4，创建Service：
public class BeaconService extends Service implements BeaconConsumer, RangeNotifier { //单位：毫秒 //后台扫描 private static final long DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_SCAN_PERIOD = 1000L; private static final long DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_BETWEEN_SCAN_PERIOD = 0L; //前台扫描 private static final long DEFAULT_SCAN_PERIOD = 1000L; private static final long DEFAULT_BETWEEN_SCAN_PERIOD = 500L; private BeaconManager beaconManager = BeaconManager.getInstanceForApplication(this); private MyBR myBR; public BeaconService() { } @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); initBeacon(); beaconManager.bind(this); myBR = new MyBR(); IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction(""); registerReceiver(myBR,intentFilter); } private void initBeacon() { //设置前台扫描时长 beaconManager.setForegroundScanPeriod(DEFAULT_SCAN_PERIOD); //设置前台扫描间隔 beaconManager.setForegroundBetweenScanPeriod(DEFAULT_BETWEEN_SCAN_PERIOD); //设置每个蓝牙LE扫描周期的持续时间（以毫秒为单位）以查找信标。 // 此函数用于设置调用bind（org.altbeacon.beacon.BeaconConsumer）之前的时间段或在背景/前景之间切换的时间段。 // 要使其在已经运行的扫描（在下一个周期开始时）生效，请调用updateScanPeriods（） //设置后台扫描时长 beaconManager.setBackgroundScanPeriod(DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_SCAN_PERIOD); //当没有测距/监控客户端位于前台时，设置每个蓝牙LE扫描周期之间不扫描的时间（以毫秒为单位） //设置后台扫描间隔 beaconManager.setBackgroundBetweenScanPeriod(DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_BETWEEN_SCAN_PERIOD); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); if (beaconManager != null){ beaconManager.removeRangeNotifier(this); } if (myBR!= null){ unregisterReceiver(myBR); Toast.makeText(this,"完犊子了",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); Log.d("MyBeaconNum","完犊子了"); } } @Nullable @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return null; } @Override public void onBeaconServiceConnect() { Region region = new Region("all-region-beacon", null, null, null); beaconManager.addRangeNotifier(this); try { beaconManager.startRangingBeaconsInRegion(region); } catch (RemoteException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void didRangeBeaconsInRegion(Collectioncollection, Region region) { List Parcelable>) beacons);//因为Beacon继承了Parcelable, sendBroadcast(intent); } class MyBR extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { stopSelf(); } } }beacons = new ArrayList<>(); for (Beacon beacon : collection) { beacons.add(beacon); } Log.d("MyBeaconNum",beacons.size()+""); Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.BEACON_ACTION); intent.putParcelableArrayListExtra("beacon", (ArrayListextends
5，不要忘记在Manifest中注册Service：
android:name=".BeaconService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true"
tools:replace="android:exported"
android:isolatedProcess="false"
android:label="beacon" >
6，MainActivity:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private BeaconBroadcastReceiver beaconBroadcastReceiver;
private static final String TAG = "MyTAG";
public static final String BEACON_ACTION = "com.example.lenovo.mybeaconlib";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
beaconBroadcastReceiver = new BeaconBroadcastReceiver();
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, BeaconService.class);
startService(intent);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//停止服务
Intent intent=new Intent("PleaseStopService");
sendBroadcast(intent);
if (beaconBroadcastReceiver != null){
try{
unregisterReceiver(beaconBroadcastReceiver);
}catch (Throwable ignored){
}
}
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
registerReceiver(beaconBroadcastReceiver, getBeaconIntentFilter());
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
if (beaconBroadcastReceiver != null){
unregisterReceiver(beaconBroadcastReceiver);
}
}
class BeaconBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (BEACON_ACTION.equals(action)) {
List beacons = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra("beacon");
Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: "+ beacons.size());
for (Beacon beacon : beacons){
//获取 uuid，major，minor
String uuid = String.valueOf(beacon.getId1());
String major = String.valueOf(beacon.getId2());
String mMinor = String.valueOf(beacon.getId3());
int minor = Integer.parseInt(mMinor);
String text = "uuid: " + beacon.getServiceUuid() + "\r\n" +
"dis: " + beacon.getDistance() + "m" + "\r\n" +
"BluetoothName: " + beacon.getBluetoothName() + "\r\n" +
"BluetoothAddress: " + beacon.getBluetoothAddress() + "\r\n" +
"ParserIdentifier(分析器标识符): " + beacon.getParserIdentifier() + "\r\n" +
"BeaconTypeCode: " + beacon.getBeaconTypeCode() + "\r\n" +
"Rssi: " + beacon.getRssi() + "\r\n" +
"RunningAverageRssi:"+beacon.getRunningAverageRssi() + "\r\n" +
"TxPower: " + beacon.getTxPower() + "\r\n" +
"ExtraDataFields:"+beacon.getExtraDataFields() +"\r\n" +
"DataFields:"+beacon.getDataFields()+"\r\n" +
"BeaconToString:"+beacon.toString();
Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: "+ text);
}
Log.i(TAG, "onReceive: "+ "**********************************");
}
}
}
IntentFilter getBeaconIntentFilter() {
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BEACON_ACTION);
return intentFilter;
}
}