python(if判断)

一.if判断

  • 如果 条件满足,才能做某件事情,
  • 如果 条件不满足,就做另外一件事情,或者什么也不做

注意:

  • 代码的缩进为一个 tab 键,或者 4 个空格
  • 在 Python 开发中,Tab 和空格不要混用!

 1.判断逻辑图

python(if判断)_第1张图片

2.if 语句的判断条件可以用>(大于)、<(小于)、==(等于)、>=(大于等于)、<=(小于等于)、!=(不等于)来表示其关系。

if 条件 and 条件:
    满足条件后执行的代码块
else:
    否则(不满足条件)执行的代码块
  • if语句用于比较运算
    #示例1
    a = 0 
    if a > 0:
        print "a is not 0"
    else:
        print 'a is o'
    
    #示例2
    a = raw_input("--->")
    
    if int(a) > 10:
        print "a > 10"
    else:
        print "a <= 10"
    
    #示例3
    name = "XFS"
    
    if name == "xfs":
        print "True"
    else:
        print "False"
    
    #示例4
    lis = [1,2,3]
    lis1 = [1,2,3]
    
    if lis == lis1:
        print "True"
    else:
        print "False"

     

  • if语句用于比较运算中结合逻辑运算符
    #示例1
    a = 50
    if a< 100 and a > 10:
        print "a is not 0"
    else:
        print 'a is false'
    
    #示例2
    name = "zhangsanaa"
    
    if len(name) < 10 or len(name) == 10:
        print "ok"
    else:
        print "no"
    
    #示例3
    phone = raw_input("请输入手机号:")
    
    if len(phone) == 11 and phone.startswith('1') and phone.isdigit():
        print "手机号正确"
    else:
        print "手机号不正确"

     

  • and的优先级大于or,有括号的运算最优先(在不加括号时候, and优先级大于or
    #示例1
    a = 15
    
    if a > 0 and a < 10 or a < 20:
        print "ok"
    else:
        print "no"
    
    #
    示例2
    a = 16
    
    if a < 15 and (a > 10 or a > 20):
        print "ok"
    else:
        print "no"

      

  • if语句结合成员关系运算符
    list1 = ["a","b","c"]
    if "a" in list1:
        print "a in list1"
    else:
        print "a not in list1"
    name  = 'xiaoming'
    if  'xm'  not in name:
        print 'xm is in name'
    else:
        print  'xm is not in name'

     

  • if嵌套
    #伪代码如下
    
    if 今天发工资:
    
        先还信用卡的钱
    
        if 有剩余:
    
            又可以happy了,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
    
        else:
    
            噢,no。。。还的等30天
    else:
    
        盼着发工资
    name = 'hello xiao mi'
    if  'hello' in name:
        if 'xiao' in name:
            if ' mi' in name:
                print name
        else:
            print '输入有误,重新输入'
    else:
        print  '游戏结束---->'
    
    
    phone = raw_input('请输入手机号:')
    if phone.isdigit() == True:
        if phone.startswith('1'):
            if len(phone)==11:
                pass
            else:
                print '手机号必现为11位数'
        else:
            print '手机号必现以1开头'
    else:
        print '手机号必现为纯数字'
mysql = {"zhangsan":"123456","lisi":"234567","wangwu":"345678"}

user = raw_input("账号:")
pwd = raw_input("密码:")

if user in mysql.keys():
    if pwd == mysql.get(user):
        print "登录成功!"
    else:
        print "密码错误!"
else:
    print "账号错误!"

 

  • 占位符pass
    a = 0
    if a != 0:
        print "ok"
    else:
        pass

     

3.当判断条件为多个值时,可以使用以下形式。

  • if语句执行有个特点,它是从上往下匹配,如果在某个判断上是True,把该判断对应的语句执行后,就忽略掉剩下的elif和else
if 判断条件 1: 
    执行语句 1…… 
elif 判断条件 2: 
    执行语句 2…… 
elif 判断条件 3: 
    执行语句 3…… 
else:
    执行语句 4……

 示例:

username = raw_input('请输入用户名:')
pwd = raw_input('请输入密码:')
if username == 'zhangsan' and pwd == '123456':
    print '登录成功'
elif username != 'zhangsan' and pwd == '123456':
    print '用户名错误'
elif username == 'zhangsan' and pwd != '123456':
    print '密码错误'
else:
    print '用户名不能为空'


"""
如果输入的年纪小于我的年纪
    然后告诉你,输入的年纪太小
或者输入的年纪大于我的年纪
    然后告诉你,输入的年纪太大
否则
    告诉你,答对了
"""
#猜年纪游戏
myage = 26
input_age = raw_input("--->")

if int(input_age) < myage:
    print "too smaller!"
elif int(input_age) > myage:
    print "too bigger!"
else:
    print "you got it!"



"""
#成绩评级
score = int(input("Please input your score:"))

if score > 90:
    print("A")
elif score > 70:
    print("B")
elif score > 60:
    print("C")
else:
    print("滚!")
"""

 

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