在做项目中的登录功能时一般是通过form表单或者ajax方式将参数提交到服务器进行验证,在这个过程中,在前端对登录密码先进行一次加密的话,安全性肯定要优于直接提交的方式。最近在看博客园的登录页面时发现博客园的登录是用ajax发送http请求的方式,并在前端采用了加密,是采用jsencypt在前端进行加密的。后面查阅资料后了解到淘宝、京东也有用jsencypt库对登录密码进行前端加密的操作。jsencypt具体的使用参考:
https://github.com/travist/jsencrypt
下面简单介绍基本的使用:
创建密钥对JKS格式keystore:
keytool -genkey -v -alias test -keyalg RSA -keystore test.jks
将JKS格式keystore转换成PKCS12证书文件:
keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore test.jks -destkeystore test.p12 -srcstoretype JKS -deststoretype PKCS12
使用OpenSSL工具从PKCS12证书文件导出密钥对:
openssl pkcs12 -in test.p12 -nocerts -nodes -out test.key
从密钥对中提取出公钥:
openssl rsa -in test.key -pubout -out test_public.pem
拿到公钥test_public.pem后,在cat test_public.pem查看这个公钥内容,内容是base64格式的,这个公钥就是供在前端用jsencrypt对登录密码等参数进行RSA加密用的,看下test_public.pem内容:(这里复制github上的过来,读者可以自行尝试)
-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
MIICXQIBAAKBgQDlOJu6TyygqxfWT7eLtGDwajtNFOb9I5XRb6khyfD1Yt3YiCgQ
WMNW649887VGJiGr/L5i2osbl8C9+WJTeucF+S76xFxdU6jE0NQ+Z+zEdhUTooNR
aY5nZiu5PgDB0ED/ZKBUSLKL7eibMxZtMlUDHjm4gwQco1KRMDSmXSMkDwIDAQAB
AoGAfY9LpnuWK5Bs50UVep5c93SJdUi82u7yMx4iHFMc/Z2hfenfYEzu+57fI4fv
xTQ//5DbzRR/XKb8ulNv6+CHyPF31xk7YOBfkGI8qjLoq06V+FyBfDSwL8KbLyeH
m7KUZnLNQbk8yGLzB3iYKkRHlmUanQGaNMIJziWOkN+N9dECQQD0ONYRNZeuM8zd
-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
接下来用一段简单的前端代码演示下jsencrypt的使用:
<html>
<head>
<title>jsencrypt使用title>
<script src="./jquery.min.js">script>
<script src="./jsencrypt.min.js">script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
$('submit').click(function() {
var data = [];
data['username']= $('#username').val();
data['passwd']= $('#passwd').val();
var publickey = $('#publickey').val();
encryptSend('./Jsencrypt.do', data, publickey); // Jsencrypt.do对应服务端处理地址
});
});
// 使用jsencrypt库加密前端参数
function encryptSend(url, data, publicKey){
var jsencrypt = new JSEncrypt();
jsencrypt.setPublicKey(publicKey);
// enData用来装载加密后的数据
var enData = new Object();
// 将参数用jsencrypt加密后赋给enData
for(var key in data){
enData[key] = jsencrypt.encrypt(data[key]);
}
$.ajax({
url: url,
type: 'post',
data: enData,
dataType: 'json',
success: function (data) {
console.info(data);
},
error: function (xhr) {
console.error('Something went wrong....');
}
});
}
script>
head>
<body>
<label for="publickey">Public Keylabel><br/>
<textarea id="publickey" rows="20" cols="60">
-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
MIICXQIBAAKBgQDlOJu6TyygqxfWT7eLtGDwajtNFOb9I5XRb6khyfD1Yt3YiCgQ
WMNW649887VGJiGr/L5i2osbl8C9+WJTeucF+S76xFxdU6jE0NQ+Z+zEdhUTooNR
aY5nZiu5PgDB0ED/ZKBUSLKL7eibMxZtMlUDHjm4gwQco1KRMDSmXSMkDwIDAQAB
AoGAfY9LpnuWK5Bs50UVep5c93SJdUi82u7yMx4iHFMc/Z2hfenfYEzu+57fI4fv
xTQ//5DbzRR/XKb8ulNv6+CHyPF31xk7YOBfkGI8qjLoq06V+FyBfDSwL8KbLyeH
m7KUZnLNQbk8yGLzB3iYKkRHlmUanQGaNMIJziWOkN+N9dECQQD0ONYRNZeuM8zd
-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
textarea>
<br/>
<label for="input">jsencrypt:label><br/>
name:<input id="username" name="username" type="text">input><br/>
password:<input id="passwd" name="passwd" type="password">input><br/>
<input id="submit" type="button" value="submit" />
body>
html>
下面演示服务端解密过程,以Java为例。
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
public class JsencryptTest {
private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(JsencryptTest.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
byte[] bs = null;
try {
BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
// encodePwd是前端密码使用公钥通过jscencrypt进行加密后得到的(这里也是复制github上的举例)
String encodePwd = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQ"
+ "DlOJu6TyygqxfWT7eLtGDwajtNFOb9I5XRb6"
+ "khyfD1Yt3YiCgQWMNW649887VGJiGr/L5i2o"
+ "sbl8C9+WJTeucF+S76xFxdU6jE0NQ+Z+zEdh"
+ "UTooNRaY5nZiu5PgDB0ED/ZKBUSLKL7eibMx"
+ "ZtMlUDHjm4gwQco1KRMDSmXSMkDwIDAQAB";
bs = decoder.decodeBuffer(encodePwd);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
KeyStore keyStore = null;
try {
keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
keyStore.load(new FileInputStream("D:/jsencrypt/test.jks"), "123456".toCharArray());
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keyStore.getKey("test", "123456".toCharArray()));
logger.info(new String(cipher.doFinal(bs)));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
当然在服务端除了上面这样的处理方式外,也可以根据实际业务场景使用不同的处理方式。
转载自微信公众号:weknow