作业控制是shell的一种功能,它允许单个shell实例运行和管理多个命令。
作业与在shell提示符中输入的每个管道相关联。该管道中的所有进程均是作业的一部分,并且是同一个进程组的成员。(如果在shell提示符中仅输入了一条命令,则这条命令可视为命令的最小管道。该命令将是该作业的唯一成员)
一次只能有一个作业从特定终端窗口读取输入和键盘生成的信号。属于该作业的进程是该控制终端的前台进程。
该控制终端的后台进程是与该终端相关联的任何其他作业的成员。终端的后台进程无法从终端读取输入或接收键盘生成的中断,但可以写入终端。后台中的作业可能已停止(暂停),也可能正在运行。如果某个正在运行的后台作业尝试从终端读取内容,则该作业将自动暂停。
每个终端是其自身的会话,并且可以具有一个前台进程和多个独立的后台进程。一个作业只能属于一个会话,也就是属于其控制终端的会话。
Linux作业分为前台作业与后台作业两种。其各自的特点如下:
[root@hostnamectl ~]# sleep 600 &
[1] 1514
[root@localhost ~]# jobs
[1]+ Running sleep 1000 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# sleep 123 &
[1] 1546
[root@hostnamectl ~]# fg
sleep 123
^Z
[1]+ 已停止 sleep 123
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[1]+ 已停止 sleep 123
[root@hostnamectl ~]# fg
sleep 123
^C
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[2] 运行中 sleep 600 &
[3]- 运行中 sleep 601 &
[4]+ 运行中 sleep 602 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# fg %2
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[1]+ 已停止 sleep 600
[root@hostnamectl ~]# fg
sleep 600
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[1]+ 已停止 sleep 123
[2] 运行中 sleep 124 &
[3] 运行中 sleep 690 &
[4] 运行中 sleep 60 &
[5] 运行中 sleep 999 &
[6]- 运行中 sleep 669 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# fg
sleep 123
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[3] - 运行中 sleep 690 &
[5]+ 已停止 sleep 999
[6]- 运行中 sleep 669 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# bg %5
[5]+ sleep 999 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[3] 运行中 sleep 690 &
[5]- 运行中 sleep 999 &
[6]+ 运行中 sleep 669 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]#
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[3] 运行中 sleep 690 &
[5]- 运行中 sleep 999 &
[6]+ 运行中 sleep 669 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# kill %5
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[3] 运行中 sleep 690 &
[5]- 已终止 sleep 999
[6]+ 运行中 sleep 669 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[3]- 运行中 sleep 690 &
[6]+ 运行中 sleep 669 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[2] 运行中 sleep 659 &
[3] 运行中 sleep 9999 &
[4]- 运行中 sleep 999 &
[5]+ 运行中 sleep 9998 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# kill -19 %3
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[2] 运行中 sleep 659 &
[3]+ 已停止 sleep 9999
[4] 运行中 sleep 999 &
[5]- 运行中 sleep 9998 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# jobs
[2] 运行中 sleep 659 &
[3]+ 已停止 sleep 9999
[4] 运行中 sleep 999 &
[5]- 运行中 sleep 9998 &
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps -ef |grep sleep
root 1663 1462 0 15:28 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9999
root 1664 1462 0 15:28 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9919
root 1665 1462 0 15:28 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9911
root 1666 1462 0 15:28 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9111
root 1668 1462 0 15:28 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto sleep
[root@hostnamectl ~]# killall sleep
[1] 已终止 sleep 9999
[2] 已终止 sleep 9919
[3]- 已终止 sleep 9911
[4]+ 已终止 sleep 9111
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps -ef |grep sleep
root 1671 1462 0 15:29 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto sleep
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps -ef |grep sleep
root 1697 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9999
root 1698 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9919
root 1699 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9911
root 1700 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9111
root 1702 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto sleep
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps -ef |grep sleep
root 1697 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9999
root 1698 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9919
root 1699 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9911
root 1700 1462 0 15:32 pts/0 00:00:00 sleep 9111
root 1704 1462 0 15:34 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto sleep
[root@hostnamectl ~]# pkill sleep
[1] 已终止 sleep 9999
[2] 已终止 sleep 9919
[3]- 已终止 sleep 9911
[4]+ 已终止 sleep 9111
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps -ef |grep sleep
root 1707 1462 0 15:34 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto sleep
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps j
PPID PID PGID SID TTY TPGID STAT UID TIME COMMAND
1 827 827 827 tty1 827 Ss+ 0 0:00 /sbin/agetty --noclear tty1 linux
1462 1466 1466 1466 pts/1 2601 Ss 0 0:00 -bash
1466 2597 2597 1466 pts/1 2601 T 0 0:00 sleep 999
1466 2598 2598 1466 pts/1 2601 S 0 0:00 sleep 998
1466 2599 2599 1466 pts/1 2601 S 0 0:00 sleep 997
1466 2600 2600 1466 pts/1 2601 S 0 0:00 sleep 996
1466 2601 2601 1466 pts/1 2601 R+ 0 0:00 ps j
[root@hostnamectl ~]# kill -9 $(pidof sleep)
[1]+ 已杀死 sleep 999
[2] 已杀死 sleep 998
[3] 已杀死 sleep 997
[4]- 已杀死 sleep 996
[root@hostnamectl ~]# ps j
PPID PID PGID SID TTY TPGID STAT UID TIME COMMAND
1 827 827 827 tty1 827 Ss+ 0 0:00 /sbin/agetty --noclear tty1 linux
1462 1466 1466 1466 pts/1 2603 Ss 0 0:00 -bash
1466 2603 2603 1466 pts/1 2603 R+ 0 0:00 ps j
进程间通信(IPC:Inter Process Communication)
进程间通信方式:
信号是传递至进程的软件中断。信号向执行中的程序报告事件。生成信号的事件可以是错误或外部事件(如I/O请求或计时器过期),或者来自于明确请求(如使用信号发送命令)
下表列出了系统管理员用于日常进程管理的基本信号。请通过短名称(HUP)或正确名称(SIGHUP)指代信号。
基本进程管理信号
信号编号
ID | 短名称 | 定义 | 用途 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | HUP | 挂起 | 让一个进程不用重启就可以重读配置文件,并让新的配置信息生效 |
2 | INT | 键盘中断 | 中断一个前台进程。ctrl+c就是用的SIGINT信号 |
9 | KILL | 中断,无法拦截 | 导致立即终止程序。无法被拦截、忽略或处理 |
15默认值 | TERM | 终止 | 导致程序终止。和SIGKILL不同,可以被拦截、忽略或处理。要求程序终止的友好方式,允许自我清理 |
[guilai@hostnamectl ~]$ vi a
[doom@hostnamectl ~]$ ps -ef | grep vi
root 792 1 0 18:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s
root 2680 2605 0 19:01 pts/1 00:00:00 vi a
doom 2705 2646 0 19:01 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto vi
[doom@hostnamectl ~]$ kill -9 2680
-bash: kill: (2680) - 不允许的操作
[guilai@hostnamectl ~]$ vi a
[1]+ 已停止 vi a
[guilai@hostnamectl ~]$ ps -ef | grep vi
root 792 1 0 18:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s
root 2680 2605 0 19:01 pts/1 00:00:00 vi a
guilai 2707 2605 0 19:02 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto vi
[guilai@hostnamectl ~]$ kill -9 2680
[guilai@hostnamectl ~]$ ps -ef | grep vi
root 792 1 0 18:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s
guilai 2709 2605 0 19:03 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto vi
[1]+ 已杀死 vi a
[root@hostnamectl ~]# kill -l
1) SIGHUP 2) SIGINT 3) SIGQUIT 4) SIGILL 5) SIGTRAP
6) SIGABRT 7) SIGBUS 8) SIGFPE 9) SIGKILL 10) SIGUSR1
11) SIGSEGV 12) SIGUSR2 13) SIGPIPE 14) SIGALRM 15) SIGTERM
16) SIGSTKFLT 17) SIGCHLD 18) SIGCONT 19) SIGSTOP 20) SIGTSTP
21) SIGTTIN 22) SIGTTOU 23) SIGURG 24) SIGXCPU 25) SIGXFSZ
26) SIGVTALRM 27) SIGPROF 28) SIGWINCH 29) SIGIO 30) SIGPWR
31) SIGSYS 34) SIGRTMIN 35) SIGRTMIN+1 36) SIGRTMIN+2 37) SIGRTMIN+3
38) SIGRTMIN+4 39) SIGRTMIN+5 40) SIGRTMIN+6 41) SIGRTMIN+7 42) SIGRTMIN+8
43) SIGRTMIN+9 44) SIGRTMIN+10 45) SIGRTMIN+11 46) SIGRTMIN+12 47) SIGRTMIN+13
48) SIGRTMIN+14 49) SIGRTMIN+15 50) SIGRTMAX-14 51) SIGRTMAX-13 52) SIGRTMAX-12
53) SIGRTMAX-11 54) SIGRTMAX-10 55) SIGRTMAX-9 56) SIGRTMAX-8 57) SIGRTMAX-7
58) SIGRTMAX-6 59) SIGRTMAX-5 60) SIGRTMAX-4 61) SIGRTMAX-3 62) SIGRTMAX-2
63) SIGRTMAX-1 64) SIGRTMAX
负载平均值代表一段时间内感知的系统负载。Linux通过预期服务等待时间的表示来实施平均负载计算。
Linux不仅计算进程数,也作为独立的任务计算线程数。运行中线程和等待I/O资源的线程的CPU请求队列对应于R和D进程状态。等待I/O包括处于睡眠而等待预期磁盘和网络响应的任务。
负载数属于全局计数器计算,是所有CPU的总和数。由于从睡眠返回的任务可能会重新调度到不同的CPU,难以精确的每CPU计数,但累计数的准确度可以保障。显示的平均负载代表所有的CPU。
[root@hostnamectl ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 158
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
stepping : 10
microcode : 0xb4
cpu MHz : 2807.620
cache size : 9216 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 2
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec arat
bogomips : 5616.00
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
processor : 1
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 158
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
stepping : 10
microcode : 0xb4
cpu MHz : 2807.620
cache size : 9216 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 2
core id : 1
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 1
initial apicid : 1
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt xsaveopt xsavec arat
bogomips : 5616.00
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
[root@hostnamectl ~]# grep 'model name' /proc/cpuinfo
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
一些UNIX系统仅考虑CPU使用率或运行队列长度来指示系统负载。由于具有空闲CPU的系统可能会因为磁盘或网络资源忙而遇到很长时间的等待,因此Linux负载平均值中包含了对I/O的考量。遇到负载平均值很高但CPU活动很低时,请检查磁盘和网络活动。
[root@hostnamectl ~]# uptime
19:15:58 up 1:05, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
此处的load average就表示负载平均值,这三个值代表最近1、5和15分钟的负载情况。
将显示的负载平均值除以系统中的逻辑CPU数。当值低于1表示资源利用率较好,等待时间很短。当值高于1表示资源饱和,而且有一定的服务等待时间。
空闲CPU队列的负载数为0。每个就绪和等待的线程使计数增加1。总队列数为1时,资源(CPU、磁盘或网络)正在使用中,但没有请求把时间花在等待上。增加的请求数会累积该计数,但由于许多请求可以在时限内处理,资源使用率会很高,而等待时间则不会。
因为磁盘或网络资源忙碌等待I/O而处于睡眠的进程包含在该计数内,而且使负载平均值增大。虽然不能表示CPU使用率,队列数依然表明用户和程序正在等待资源服务。
在资源饱和前,平均负载将保持在1以下,因为几乎不会在队列中发现等待的任务。只有资源饱和导致请求留在排队状态并且被负载计算例程计数时,负载平均才会增大。当资源使用率接近100%时,每个增加的请求将开始遭遇服务等待时间。
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 19:28:25 up 1:18, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 191 total, 2 running, 189 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1513880 free, 161356 used, 191812 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1513324 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 194668 6476 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.88 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.26 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/2
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 19:29:39 up 1:19, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 192 total, 1 running, 191 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1514292 free, 161000 used, 191756 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1513736 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
825 root 20 0 334236 28956 6860 S 0.0 1.6 0:00.29 firewalld
1153 root 20 0 562392 16564 5888 S 0.0 0.9 0:00.45 tuned
963 root 20 0 113372 15928 3432 S 0.0 0.9 0:00.06 dhclient
790 polkitd 20 0 534888 12832 4852 S 0.0 0.7 0:00.04 polkitd
842 root 20 0 543716 11144 6764 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.15 NetworkManager
793 root 20 0 216388 7672 3484 S 0.0 0.4 0:00.24 rsyslogd
1 root 20 0 194668 6476 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.88 systemd
808 root 20 0 305292 6248 4868 S 0.0 0.3 0:02.62 vmtoolsd
792 root 20 0 99604 6076 4472 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.01 VGAuthService
1462 root 20 0 145700 5196 3924 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.29 sshd
599 root 20 0 195832 5048 1300 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.00 lvmetad
1157 root 20 0 105996 4080 3100 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 sshd
1392 postfix 20 0 89716 4020 3012 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 qmgr
1391 postfix 20 0 89648 3996 2992 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.02 pickup
584 root 20 0 36828 3060 2748 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.12 systemd-journal
2604 root 20 0 189760 2440 1820 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 su
2710 root 20 0 189712 2408 1820 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 su
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 19:30:27 up 1:20, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 193 total, 1 running, 192 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1514028 free, 161260 used, 191760 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1513472 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
808 root 20 0 305292 6248 4868 S 0.3 0.3 0:02.65 vmtoolsd
1153 root 20 0 562392 16564 5888 S 0.3 0.9 0:00.46 tuned
1462 root 20 0 145700 5196 3924 S 0.3 0.3 0:00.30 sshd
1 root 20 0 194668 6476 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.88 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.26 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 19:30:52 up 1:20, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 193 total, 2 running, 191 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1514276 free, 161012 used, 191760 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1513720 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
808 root 20 0 305292 6248 4868 S 0.0 0.3 0:02.66 vmtoolsd
1 root 20 0 194668 6476 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.88 systemd
1153 root 20 0 562392 16564 5888 S 0.0 0.9 0:00.46 tuned
514 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.45 xfsaild/dm-0
19 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 0.0 0.0 0:00.35 kworker/2:0
1462 root 20 0 145700 5196 3924 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.30 sshd
825 root 20 0 334236 28956 6860 S 0.0 1.6 0:00.29 firewalld
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.27 rcu_sched
1746 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.26 kworker/0:1
793 root 20 0 216388 7672 3484 S 0.0 0.4 0:00.24 rsyslogd
2761 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 kworker/0:2
791 root 20 0 21624 1296 972 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.20 irqbalance
842 root 20 0 543716 11144 6764 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.15 NetworkManager
431 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.12 kworker/u256:28
584 root 20 0 36828 3060 2748 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.12 systemd-journal
817 root 20 0 126236 1652 1024 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.12 crond
609 root 20 0 45320 2112 1456 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.10 systemd-udevd
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
Tasks: 189 total, 1 running, 188 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1518664 free, 156232 used, 192152 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1519480 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
805 root 20 0 305292 6288 4912 S 1.0 0.3 0:00.41 vmtoolsd
1508 root 20 0 157716 2252 1540 R 1.0 0.1 0:00.11 top //
1 root 20 0 194664 6444 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.83 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.21 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/2
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 22:03:15 up 10 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 190 total, 1 running, 189 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0/0.0 0[ ]
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1518320 free, 156416 used, 192312 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1519232 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
281 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.35 kworker/2:2
1 root 20 0 194664 6444 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.85 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.28 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/2
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 22:08:04 up 15 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 189 total, 1 running, 188 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.1 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.9 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 18.7/1867048 [|||||||||||||||||| ]
KiB Swap: 0.0/2097148 [ ]
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 194664 6464 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.89 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.32 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/2
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
21 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 22:09:04 up 16 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 189 total, 1 running, 188 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 194664 6464 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.90 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 21
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 [kthreadd]
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [ksoftirqd/0]
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [kworker/0:0H]
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 [migration/0]
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [rcu_bh]
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.33 [rcu_sched]
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/0]
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/1]
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/1]
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [ksoftirqd/1]
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [kworker/1:0H]
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/2]
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/2]
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 [ksoftirqd/2]
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [kworker/2:0H]
21 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [watchdog/3]
22 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [migration/3]
23 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 [ksoftirqd/3]
q:退出top命令
k:终止某个进程
top - 22:20:00 up 27 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 192 total, 1 running, 190 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.1 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.9 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1513772 free, 159788 used, 193488 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1515680 avail Mem
PID to signal/kill [default pid = 35] 1933 //按k后输入pid
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
35 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:01.25 kworker/0:1
1939 root 20 0 157716 2260 1540 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.10 top
1 root 20 0 194664 6464 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.91 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.43 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/2
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 22:21:17 up 28 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 194 total, 1 running, 192 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu0 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu1 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu2 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
%Cpu3 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1513396 free, 159968 used, 193684 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1515304 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1965 root 20 0 157716 2264 1540 R 0.7 0.1 0:00.02 top
35 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:01.31 kworker/0:1
1 root 20 0 194664 6468 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.92 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.43 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
top - 22:21:42 up 29 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 194 total, 2 running, 191 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1513460 free, 159888 used, 193700 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1515368 avail Mem
Change delay from 1.0 to 5 //按数字1 后输入间隔单位秒
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
515 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.2 0.0 0:00.41 xfsaild/dm-0
791 root 20 0 216388 4816 3416 S 0.2 0.3 0:00.16 rsyslogd
805 root 20 0 305292 6288 4912 S 0.2 0.3 0:01.59 vmtoolsd
1158 root 20 0 562392 18636 5892 S 0.2 1.0 0:00.28 tuned
1964 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.2 0.0 0:00.01 kworker/3:2
1966 root 20 0 157716 2264 1540 R 0.2 0.1 0:00.01 top
1 root 20 0 194664 6468 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.92 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.44 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
可以用’a’和’w’在4个 窗口间切换。’a’移到后一个窗口,’w’移到前一个窗口。用’g’命令你可以输入一个数字来选择当前窗口。
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top
1:Def - 22:35:44 up 43 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 194 total, 1 running, 191 sleeping, 2 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1512336 free, 160996 used, 193716 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1514252 avail Mem
1 PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
805 root 20 0 305292 6288 4912 S 0.3 0.3 0:02.33 vmtoolsd
1 root 20 0 194664 6468 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.94 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 kthreadd
2 PID PPID TIME+ %CPU %MEM PR NI S VIRT RES UID COMMAND
1996 1485 0:00.01 0.0 0.1 20 0 R 157716 2264 0 top
1995 2 0:00.01 0.0 0.0 20 0 S 0 0 0 kworker/u256:0
1993 2 0:00.03 0.0 0.0 20 0 S 0 0 0 kworker/3:2
3 PID %MEM VIRT RES CODE DATA SHR nMaj nDRT %CPU COMMAND
829 1.6 334236 28948 4 94996 6860 50 0 0.0 firewalld
1158 1.0 562392 18636 4 304472 5892 5 0 0.0 tuned
966 0.9 113372 15928 392 12284 3436 21 0 0.0 dhclient
792 0.7 534888 12840 108 450836 4860 54 0 0.0 polkitd
4 PID PPID UID USER RUSER TTY TIME+ %CPU %MEM S COMMAND
1 0 0 root root ? 0:00.94 0.0 0.3 S systemd
2 0 0 root root ? 0:00.02 0.0 0.0 S kthreadd
3 2 0 root root ? 0:00.01 0.0 0.0 S ksoftirqd/0
5 2 0 root root ? 0:00.00 0.0 0.0 S kworker/0:0H
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top -d 3
top - 22:24:31 up 31 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 195 total, 1 running, 192 sleeping, 2 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1512452 free, 160896 used, 193700 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1514360 avail Mem
Change delay from 3.0 to //按s可以看到没3.0秒刷新一次
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1967 root 20 0 157716 2184 1496 R 6.2 0.1 0:00.01 top
1 root 20 0 194664 6468 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.92 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.44 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/2
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top -n 1
top - 22:27:26 up 34 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 193 total, 1 running, 190 sleeping, 2 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1512376 free, 160988 used, 193684 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1514284 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1 root 20 0 194664 6468 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.92 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.45 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/2
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
21 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3
[root@hostnamectl ~]#
[root@hostnamectl ~]# top -b -n 1
top - 22:29:00 up 36 min, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
Tasks: 193 total, 1 running, 190 sleeping, 2 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1867048 total, 1512244 free, 161120 used, 193684 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2097148 free, 0 used. 1514152 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
1970 root 20 0 157716 2112 1472 R 6.2 0.1 0:00.01 top
1 root 20 0 194664 6468 2696 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.92 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.45 rcu_sched
10 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0
11 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1
12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1
13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1
15 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:0H
16 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2
17 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2
18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 ksoftirqd/2
20 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0H
21 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3
22 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/3
23 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/3
25 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:0H
27 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs
28 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns
29 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd
30 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback
31 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd
32 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
33 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd
34 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 md
35 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:01.64 kworker/0:1
36 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.04 kworker/1:1
41 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kswapd0
42 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd
43 root 39 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 khugepaged
44 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 crypto
52 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthrotld
54 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kmpath_rdacd
56 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kpsmoused
58 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ipv6_addrconf
77 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 deferwq
79 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:1
110 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:2
112 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd
281 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.42 kworker/2:2
293 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mpt_poll_0
294 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mpt/0
297 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ata_sff
309 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_0
310 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_0
311 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 scsi_eh_1
313 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_1
314 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 scsi_eh_2
315 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_2
318 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ttm_swap
348 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_3
349 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_3
350 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_4
351 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_4
352 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_5
353 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_5
354 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_6
355 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_6
356 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_7
357 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_7
358 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_8
359 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_8
360 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_9
361 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_9
362 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_10
363 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_10
364 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_11
365 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_11
366 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_12
367 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_12
368 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_13
369 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_13
370 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_14
371 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_14
373 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_15
374 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_15
375 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_16
376 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_16
377 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_17
378 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_17
379 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_18
380 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_18
381 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_19
382 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_19
383 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_20
384 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_20
385 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_21
386 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_21
387 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_22
388 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_22
389 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_23
390 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_23
391 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_24
392 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_24
393 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_25
394 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_25
395 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_26
396 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_26
397 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_27
398 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_27
399 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_28
400 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_28
401 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_29
402 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_29
403 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_30
404 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_30
405 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_31
406 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_31
407 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_32
408 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_tmf_32
432 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.06 kworker/u256:28
433 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 kworker/u256:29
479 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdmflush
480 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
491 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdmflush
492 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
505 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
506 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfsalloc
507 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs_mru_cache
508 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-buf/dm-0
509 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-data/dm-0
510 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-conv/dm-0
511 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-cil/dm-0
512 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-reclaim/dm-
513 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-log/dm-0
514 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-eofblocks/d
515 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.41 xfsaild/dm-0
584 root 20 0 36828 2912 2596 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.10 systemd-journal
605 root 20 0 195832 3636 1300 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.00 lvmetad
619 root 20 0 45320 2116 1456 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.11 systemd-udevd
640 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 nfit
658 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/3:1H
676 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/u257:0
680 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 hci0
681 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 hci0
684 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/u257:2
721 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-buf/sda1
722 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-data/sda1
723 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-conv/sda1
724 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-cil/sda1
725 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-reclaim/sda
726 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-log/sda1
727 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-eofblocks/s
728 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfsaild/sda1
732 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdmflush
733 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 bioset
740 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-buf/dm-2
741 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-data/dm-2
742 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-conv/dm-2
743 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-cil/dm-2
744 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-reclaim/dm-
745 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-log/dm-2
746 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfs-eofblocks/d
747 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 xfsaild/dm-2
768 root 16 -4 55452 896 488 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 auditd
791 root 20 0 216388 4816 3416 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.17 rsyslogd
792 polkitd 20 0 534888 12840 4860 S 0.0 0.7 0:00.07 polkitd
794 dbus 20 0 32784 1856 1404 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.07 dbus-daemon
802 root 20 0 99604 6080 4472 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.01 VGAuthService
805 root 20 0 305292 6288 4912 S 0.0 0.3 0:01.98 vmtoolsd
806 root 20 0 24252 1716 1400 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.02 systemd-logind
808 root 20 0 21624 1292 972 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.14 irqbalance
812 chrony 20 0 115640 1748 1296 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.06 chronyd
819 root 20 0 126236 1656 1024 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.10 crond
829 root 20 0 334236 28948 6860 S 0.0 1.6 0:00.29 firewalld
830 root 20 0 94392 2456 1784 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.13 login
844 root 20 0 543732 11108 6756 S 0.0 0.6 0:00.11 NetworkManager
889 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:1H
966 root 20 0 113372 15928 3436 S 0.0 0.9 0:00.05 dhclient
1158 root 20 0 562392 18636 5892 S 0.0 1.0 0:00.33 tuned
1160 root 20 0 105996 4080 3100 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 sshd
1163 root 20 0 115876 648 488 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rhsmcertd
1175 root 20 0 107892 284 184 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rhnsd
1394 root 20 0 89544 2080 1068 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.02 master
1395 postfix 20 0 89648 3996 2992 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 pickup
1396 postfix 20 0 89716 4016 3012 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.01 qmgr
1446 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:1H
1448 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/1:1H
1465 root 20 0 115520 2116 1644 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 bash
1481 root 20 0 145700 5196 3924 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.50 sshd
1485 root 20 0 115652 2196 1700 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.05 bash
1522 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/2:0
1553 root 20 0 157716 2256 1540 T 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 top
1554 root 20 0 145700 5196 3924 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.17 sshd
1558 root 20 0 115652 2140 1652 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 bash
1963 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0
1964 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.06 kworker/3:2
1966 root 20 0 157716 2264 1540 T 0.0 0.1 0:00.01 top
1968 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kworker/3:0