Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]Lorg/apache/log4j/Logger;

项目：

项目是之前由Myeclipse Spring创建的MAVEN项目，由于项目分支，并且不想切换Myeclipse Spring的工作空间，于是将其中一个分支的项目部署到Eclpse JavaEE Photon Release (4.8.0)版本上

过程：

导入mvn项目，下载依赖，run as Maven build ，参数是clean install -u，运行后，使用tomcat的server发布项目，tomcat启动过程中报错：

严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/pdm]]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1122)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:819)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1574)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1564)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/pdm]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/apache/log4j/Logger;
	at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
	at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2499)
	at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1811)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection.getDeclaredFields(Introspection.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:270)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationFilterAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:109)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:64)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:415)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:892)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:386)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5405)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Logger
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1858)
	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1709)
	... 20 more

三月 20, 2019 3:56:28 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1122)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:300)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:739)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:689)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:321)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:455)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1574)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1564)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1130)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:819)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 6 more

三月 20, 2019 3:56:28 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:689)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:321)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:455)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:739)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1130)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:300)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	... 11 more

         其中有一行 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/apache/log4j/Logger;开始确认是否有log4j的依赖，pom文件、maven dependencies检查后，确定配置和依赖均没问题，maven update project也不管用，于是只好度娘，度娘中大部分都是说缺少某jar包，经过确认几遍后，我的project确实不缺，就开始自己找问题。。。。

         经过搜寻，eclipse加载工程后，在Problems页签下有两个error，图已经处理了，error提示：

Description	Resource	Path	Location	
Type Cannot change version of project facet Dynamic Web Module to 2.5.	line 1	Maven Java EE Configuration Problem

通过右键项目，属性列表中的Project Facets配置中，此项配置是myeclipse中的， 而eclipse中导入工程后，也是3.0，但是eclipse报错，因此通过修改此配置为2.5后，问题解决，另外在修改时间，需要修改项目文件夹下的.settting文件夹下的org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml文件中的jst.web标签值为2.5