python3 requests简介

Requests 是用Python语言编写，基于 urllib，采用 Apache2 Licensed 开源协议的 HTTP 库。

它比 urllib 更加方便，可以节约我们大量的工作，完全满足 HTTP 测试需求。

1.GET请求

不带参数

import requests

print('==== get1 ====')
req = requests.get(url='https://movie.douban.com/chart')
print(req.status_code)

带参数

import requests

print('==== get2 ====')
req = requests.get(url='https://www.baidu.com/s', params={'wd': 'python'})
print(req.url)
print(req.text)

2.POST请求

import requests
import json

print('==== post ====')
req = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint', data=json.dumps({'some': 'data'}))
print(req.json())

3.设置header头

import requests

print('==== header ====')
data = {'some': 'data'}
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',
           'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36'}

req = requests.post('https://api.github.com/some/endpoint', data=data, headers=headers)
print(req.text)

4.上传文件

import requests

print('==== upload ====')
url = 'http://www.test.com/upload'
files = {'file': open('data/blur.jpg', 'rb')}

req = requests.post(url, files=files)
print(req.text)

5.设置Cookies

import requests
import json

print('==== cookies ====')
url = 'http://github.com'
cookies = {'name_cookie': 'xiao', 'age_cookie': '25'}
# 特殊符号都不能作为Cookie的内容
req = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies)

print(req.json())
print(req.cookies['name_cookie'])

6.设置请求超时

import requests

req = requests.get('http://github.com', timeout=0.001)
print(req.status_code)