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Hive的meta数据支持以下三种存储方式,其中两种属于本地存储,一种为远端存储。远端存储比较适合生产环境。Hive官方wiki详细介绍了这三种方式,链接为:Hive Metastore。
这种方式是最简单的存储方式,只需要在hive-site.xml做如下配置便可。
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:derby:;databaseName=metastore_db;create=true
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
hive.metastore.local
true
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive/warehouse
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive/warehouse
注:使用derby存储方式时,运行hive会在当前目录生成一个derby文件和一个metastore_db目录。这种存储方式的弊端是在同一个目录下同时只能有一个hive客户端能使用数据库,否则会提示如下错误
hive> show tables;
FAILED: Error in metadata: javax.jdo.JDOFatalDataStoreException: Failed to start database 'metastore_db', see the next exception for details.
NestedThrowables:
java.sql.SQLException: Failed to start database 'metastore_db', see the next exception for details.
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive_remote/warehouse
hive.metastore.local
true
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive_remote?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
hive
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
password
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive/warehouse
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.100:3306/hive_remote?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
hive
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
password
hive.metastore.local
false
hive.metastore.uris
thrift://192.168.1.188:9083
注:这里把hive的服务端和客户端都放在同一台服务器上了。服务端和客户端可以拆开,将hive-site.xml配置文件拆为如下两部分
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive/warehouse
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL
jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.100:3306/hive_remote?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName
root
javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword
test1234
hive.metastore.warehouse.dir
/user/hive/warehouse
hive.metastore.local
false
hive.metastore.uris
thrift://192.168.1.188:9083
启动hive服务端程序
$ hive --service metastore
客户端直接使用hive命令即可
root@my188:~$ hive
Hive history file=/tmp/root/hive_job_log_root_201301301416_955801255.txt
hive> show tables;
OK
test_hive
Time taken: 0.736 seconds
hive>