阿里云CentOS7安装Oracle11GR2
Title: 阿里云CentOS7 Silent Mode安装Oracle11GR2
Date: 2016-6-9Author: kagula
Environment:
[1]阿里云CentOS7-64bits 1G RAM 20G Storage[2]VMWare Workstation 11.x CentOS7-64bits 1G RAM 40G Storage
Introduction
VMWare workstation CentOS7下Silent mode方式安装Oracle11GR2 64bits.附带阿里云CentOS7额外要注意的问题。
Content
Step1:安装准备[1-1]从CentOS和Oracle官网下载
CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso（阿里云不需要）
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[1-2]
如果是阿里云，只有1G RAM，所以需要2G的Swap。
参考《在阿里云CentOS 7创建swap分区的方法》
http://www.111cn.net/sys/CentOS/105946.htm
我们建立2G的Swap partition.
“free -m”命令查看swap.
[1-3]
VMWare中安装CentOS7后“ls /sbin|grep ifconfig”，没有ifconfig命令
“yum install net-tools.x86_64”安装ifconfig.
[1-4]
安装Oracle所需的依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 glibc glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel sysstat ksh
[1-5]创建用户和组
groupadd -g 200 oinstall #添加oinstall组，组的id为200
groupadd -g 201 dba #添加dba组，组的id为201
useradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba oracle #添加用户oracle,并specified它的id为440.
passwd oracle #输入oracle用户的密码
id oracle #查看用户id和所属组
对oracle的操作得使用oracle账号。
[1-6]关闭SELINUX(阿里云缺省关闭)
vim /etc/selinux/config #编辑配置文件,关闭SELINUX
setenforce 0 #立即关闭SELINUX
[1-7]
使用“su - u oracle”切换到oracle账号下
把下面两个文件上传到CentOS7-64bits服务器的/home/oracle目录下
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
解压缩到oracle目录下
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /home/oracle
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /home/oracle
在/home/oracle目录下会出现database目录。
[1-8]
“vim /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp”命令配置安装参数
修改后的db_install.rsp文件内容如下:
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
## ##
####################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# 3. UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=192.168.153.133
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/oraInventory
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en : English ja : Japanese
# fr : French ko : Korean
# ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish
# bn : Bengali lv : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian
# bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca : Catalan no : Norwegian
# hr : Croatian pl : Polish
# cs : Czech pt : Portuguese
# da : Danish ro : Romanian
# nl : Dutch ru : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak
# et : Estonian sl : Slovenian
# fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish
# de : German sv : Swedish
# el : Greek th : Thai
# iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish
# is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian
# in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese
# it : Italian
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=zh_CN,en
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# EE : Enterprise Edition
# SE : Standard Edition
# SEONE : Standard Edition One
# PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.
#
# true : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property
# are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true.
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.
#
# The following choices are available. You may specify any
# combination of these choices. The components you choose should
# be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
# Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#
# oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning
# oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining
# oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault
# oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security
# oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing
# oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
###############################################################################
# #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
# ------------------------------------------ #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=sidOracle11GR2
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=2048
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter
# database or not.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default.
# These settings may also be disabled.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
###############################################################################
# #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
# starter database: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=我的密码
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. GRID_CONTROL
# 2. DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage
# the database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical
# alerts when using DB control.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
###############################################################################
# #
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS #
# ------------------------------------ #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned #
# using the entries below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system
# user that is specified in this variable.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user
# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the
# above operating system user.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection.
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars.
#
# Example : PROXY_PORT=25
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_USER=username
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_PWD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=
步骤二：安装Oracle
[2-1]oracle账号登陆
在/home/oracle/database路径下执行
“./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp”开始安装
[2-2]出现[FATAL] [INS-32012] Unable to create directory.错误提示
“chown oracle /opt”命令，修改/opt的所有者为oracle.
[2-3]再运行“./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp”开始安装
出现[FATAL] [INS-13013] Target environment do not meet some mandatory requirements.错误
使用下面的命令重试
“ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp”
等待几分钟后出现“Successfully Setup Software.”提示。
安装好后会出现“/opt/oracle/admin/orcl11g/pfile”文件夹，其中“orcl11g”是你oracle的SID，需要在环境变量中设置
否则启动listener会失败。
[2-4]按照提示以root身份登录CentOS7系统
执行下面两条命令
/opt/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
[2-5]以oracle身份登录CentOS7系统，设置环境变量
vi ~/.bash_profile
追加下面的配置信息
export PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orcl11g
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
source ~/.bash_profile
为了使sqlplus能够访问远程oracle数据库，不但要配置“TNS_ADMIN”环境变量，还需要
要环境变量指向的地址（我这里是/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/）中放入tnsnames.ora文件
下面是我tnsnames.ora的内容，其中orcl是数据库名字。
alioracle =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)imp kagula/123456@alioracle file=/home/oracle/kagula20160612.dmp full=y
kagula是用户名，123456是用户密码,alioracle是上面指定的连接名。
用oracle账号调用下面的命令
“dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp”
出现安装进度，需要等待几分钟。
步骤三：验证Oracle安装是否成功
[3-1]
“su - u oracle”转到oracle账户下。
sqlplus "/as sysdba" 进入SQL提示符状态
select * from tabs;
如果成功运行，表示oracle已经启来，否则需要运行“startup”命令启动oracle.
[3-2]
“/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin”路径下新建listener.ora文件
内容如下
# copyright (c) 1997 by the Oracle Corporation
#
# NAME
# listener.ora
# FUNCTION
# Network Listener startup parameter file example
# NOTES
# This file contains all the parameters for listener.ora,
# and could be used to configure the listener by uncommenting
# and changing values. Multiple listeners can be configured
# in one listener.ora, so listener.ora parameters take the form
# of SID_LIST_, where is the name of the listener
# this parameter refers to. All parameters and values are
# case-insensitive.
#
# This parameter specifies both the name of the listener, and
# it listening address(es). Other parameters for this listener
# us this name in place of . When not specified,
# the name for defaults to "LISTENER", with the default
# address value as shown below.
#
# LISTENER =
# (ADDRESS_LIST=
# (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))
# (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=PNPKEY)))
LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION_LIST=(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.153.133)(PORT=1521))
)
)
# SID_LIST_
# List of services the listener knows about and can connect
# clients to. There is no default. See the Net8 Administrator's
# Guide for more information.
#
# SID_LIST_LISTENER=
# (SID_LIST=
# (SID_DESC=
# #BEQUEATH CONFIG
# (GLOBAL_DBNAME=salesdb.mycompany)
# (SID_NAME=sid1)
# (ORACLE_HOME=/private/app/oracle/product/8.0.3)
# #PRESPAWN CONFIG
# (PRESPAWN_MAX=20)
# (PRESPAWN_LIST=
# (PRESPAWN_DESC=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(POOL_SIZE=2)(TIMEOUT=1))
# )
# )
# )
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)
(SID_NAME=orcl11g)
(ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(PRESPAWN_MAX=20)
(PRESPAWN_LIST=
(PRESPAWN_DESC=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(POOL_SIZE=2)(TIMEOUT=1))
)
)
)
# PASSWORDS_
# Specifies a password to authenticate stopping the listener.
# Both encrypted and plain-text values can be set. Encrypted passwords
# can be set and stored using lsnrctl.
# LSNRCTL> change_password
# Will prompt for old and new passwords, and use encryption both
# to match the old password and to set the new one.
# LSNRCTL> set password
# Will prompt for the new password, for authentication with
# the listener. The password must be set before running the next
# command.
# LSNRCTL> save_config
# Will save the changed password to listener.ora. These last two
# steps are not necessary if SAVE_CONFIG_ON_STOP_ is ON.
# See below.
#
# Default: NONE
#
# PASSWORDS_LISTENER = 20A22647832FB454 # "foobar"
# SAVE_CONFIG_ON_STOP_
# Tells the listener to save configuration changes to listener.ora when
# it shuts down. Changed parameter values will be written to the file,
# while preserving formatting and comments.
# Default: OFF
# Values: ON/OFF
#
# SAVE_CONFIG_ON_STOP_LISTENER = ON
# USE_PLUG_AND_PLAY_
# Tells the listener to contact an Onames server and register itself
# and its services with Onames.
# Values: ON/OFF
# Default: OFF
#
# USE_PLUG_AND_PLAY_LISTENER = ON
# LOG_FILE_
# Sets the name of the listener's log file. The .log extension
# is added automatically.
# Default=
#
# LOG_FILE_LISTENER = lsnr
# LOG_DIRECTORY_
# Sets the directory for the listener's log file.
# Default: /network/log
#
# LOG_DIRECTORY_LISTENER = /private/app/oracle/product/8.0.3/network/log
# TRACE_LEVEL_
# Specifies desired tracing level.
# Default: OFF
# Values: OFF/USER/ADMIN/SUPPORT/0-16
#
# TRACE_LEVEL_LISTENER = SUPPORT
# TRACE_FILE_
# Sets the name of the listener's trace file. The .trc extension
# is added automatically.
# Default:
#
# TRACE_FILE_LISTENER = lsnr
# TRACE_DIRECTORY_
# Sets the directory for the listener's trace file.
# Default: /network/trace
#
# TRACE_DIRECTORY_LISTENER=/private/app/oracle/product/8.0.3/network/trace
# CONNECT_TIMEOUT_
# Sets the number of seconds that the listener waits to get a
# valid database query after it has been started.
# Default: 10
#
# CONNECT_TIMEOUT_LISTENER=10
其中HOST中的地址要改成你CentOS7机器的IP地址,否则“lsnrctl start”命令启动侦听器，会报TNS-01189错误。
[3-3]在windows系统上测试CentOS7服务器上的Oracle是否可以链接
在Windows操作系统上下载win64_11gR2_client.zip解压缩后
admin模式下用" setup -ignoreSysPrereqs"命令安装。
参考《Oracle的tnsnames.ora配置(PLSQL Developer)》
http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b0b63dbfcd34834a4930704a.html
链接服务器，如果遇到超时错误
服务器执行“systemctl stop firewalld”临时关闭防火墙试试看。
这里奇怪的是执行“firewall-cmd --permanent --query-port=1521/tcp”命令看到端口已经开放，
后来发现得用“ firewall-cmd --list-all”命令才能真正看到端口是否开放。
Appendix:
[1]如何安装缺少的命令yum search command-name #查找命令所在的包
yum install package-name #安装包
Reference:
[1]《Oracle的tnsnames.ora配置(PLSQL Developer)》http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b0b63dbfcd34834a4930704a.html
[2]《PLSQL怎么创建oracle数据库用户》
http://jingyan.baidu.com/album/375c8e1997522e25f2a229c3.html?picindex=5
[3]Windows 7 64位PL/SQL Developer 连接Oracle 11g
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5f9f04130101jqhu.html