tensorflow MNIST autoencoder完整代码+tsne降维可视化

#来源于莫烦tensorflow视频中学习

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
autoencoder mnist 
can running
autoencoder自定义实现,未直接调用函数,显示autoencoder结果与原来真实输入数据的对比图
"""
#特色:可视化 通过encoder最后一层神经元数目为2,将数据降维到2维,进行画点plt.scatter可视化
#划分的不咋开
#import packages
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data


#load data
mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data/', one_hot=False)


#define hyperparameter
learning_rate = 0.0001
traning_epochs = 20
batch_size = 256
display_step = 1
examples_to_show = 10
# 训练training_epochs=5个epochs,每个epoch里面有batch_size笔data
# examples_to_show = 10用于测试 autoencoder结果与真实data的对比,画出对比图


n_input = 784 # MNIST data input shape(28*28)
#input variable shape
X = tf.placeholder("float", [None, n_input])


#define hidden layers
n_hidden_1 = 256
n_hidden_2 = 64
n_hidden_3 = 10
n_hidden_4 = 2
# define encoder and decoder variables
weights={ #encoder 与 decoder 是对称的,包括activation function
    'encoder_h1':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_input, n_hidden_1])),
    'encoder_h2':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1, n_hidden_2])),
    'encoder_h3':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_2, n_hidden_3])),
    'encoder_h4':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_3, n_hidden_4])),


    'decoder_h1':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_4, n_hidden_3])),
    'decoder_h2':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_3, n_hidden_2])),
    'decoder_h3':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_2, n_hidden_1])),
    'decoder_h4':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1, n_input]))
}
biases={
    'encoder_b1':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1,])),
    'encoder_b2':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_2,])),
    'encoder_b3':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_3,])),
    'encoder_b4':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_4,])),


    'decoder_b1':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_3,])),
    'decoder_b2':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_2,])),
    'decoder_b3':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_hidden_1,])),
    'decoder_b4':tf.Variable(tf.random_normal([n_input,]))
}


def encoder(x):# y = w * x + b
    layer_1 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(x, weights['encoder_h1']), biases['encoder_b1']))
    layer_2 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_1, weights['encoder_h2']), biases['encoder_b2']))
    layer_3 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_2, weights['encoder_h3']), biases['encoder_b3']))
    
    # linear activation function
    layer_4 = tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_3, weights['encoder_h4']), biases['encoder_b4'])
    return layer_4
def decoder(x): # encoder outputs as the inputs of decoder
    layer_1 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(x, weights['decoder_h1']), biases['decoder_b1']))
    # tf.nn.sigmoid将数据范围归一化到max(x)=1,min(x)=0
    layer_2 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_1, weights['decoder_h2']), biases['decoder_b2']))
    layer_3 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_2, weights['decoder_h3']), biases['decoder_b3']))
    # tf.nn.sigmoid将数据范围归一化到max(x)=1,min(x)=0
    layer_4 = tf.nn.sigmoid(tf.add(tf.matmul(layer_3, weights['decoder_h4']), biases['decoder_b4']))
    return layer_4 


#operation return results
encoder_op = encoder(X)
decoder_op = decoder(encoder_op)


# unsuperivised constrast
y_pred = decoder_op
y_true = X


#define cost mean square error
cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.pow(y_true - y_pred, 2))
#define train operation
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(cost)


init = tf.initialize_all_variables()


# mnist.train.images 用于训练
with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(init)
    # 数据可以划分成多少个batch,有多少个batch,可以进行多少轮训练,每个batch里面有batch_size个data
    total_batch = (int)(mnist.train.num_examples/batch_size) 
    #start training
    for epoch in range(traning_epochs):
        for i in range(total_batch):
            batch_xs, batch_ys = mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size) #max(x)=1,min(x)=0
            _, c = sess.run([optimizer, cost], feed_dict={X:batch_xs})
            
        if epoch % display_step == 0:
            print("Epoch:", '%04d'%(epoch+1), "cost:", "{:.9f}".format(c))
        
    print("Optimizer finished!")
    
    #解压前的结果
    
    encoder_result = sess.run(encoder_op, feed_dict={X:mnist.test.images})
    plt.scatter(encoder_result[:, 0], encoder_result[:, 1], c=mnist.test.labels)
    plt.show()

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