项目中经常会使用到文件上传及下载的功能。本篇文章总结场景在JavaWeb环境下,多文件上传及批量打包下载功能,包括前台及后台部分。
首先明确一点:
无法通过页面的无刷新ajax请求,直接发下载、上传请求。上传和下载,均需要在整页请求的基础上实现。项目中一般通过构建form表单形式实现这一功能。
项目需求为实现多图片上传功能。参考测试了网上找到的众多插件方法后,决定选用Jquery原始上传方案。以下按步骤贴出具体代码。
<form id="uploadForm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" hidden name="fileImage" multiple/>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" id="fileSubmit" onclick="uploadFileMulti()">上传资料a>
form>
有几点说明:
1. form中 enctype=”multipart/form-data”
2. 例中使用标签,构建submit
var formData = new FormData($("#uploadForm")[0]);
formData.append("foldName", "datumList"); //设置父级文件夹名称
formData.append("oderCode", selfOrderCode);
formData.append("datumType", datumType);
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
data: formData,
url: "order/datumList/batchInsertDatumLists",
contentType: false,
processData: false,
success: function (result) {
if (result.success) {
//清空框文件内容
$("#fileImage").val("");
var obj = document.getElementById('fileImage');
obj.outerHTML = obj.outerHTML;
refreshDatumList();
showSuccessToast(result.message);
} else {
showWarningToast(result.message);
}
},
error: function () {
showErrorToast('请求失败!')
}
});
以上有几点说明:
1. var formData = new FormData($(“#uploadForm”)[0]);
2. 使用 formData.append(“oderCode”, selfOrderCode); 添加其他参数
MultipartHttpServletRequest mRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request;
List files = mRequest.getFiles("fileImage");
以上有几点说明:
1. 获取MultipartHttpServletRequest,对应file标签的name
本项目中,需求为批量下载某一批次文件。使用zip在服务器压缩文件,之后将文件下载到客户机。
网上查询,使用Java自带的文件输出类不能解决压缩文件中文件名乱码的问题。解决方法:使用ant.jar包,创建压缩文件时,可以设置文件的编码格式,文件名乱码的问题就解决了。
<form id="uploadForm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div class="product-dl">
<input type="hidden" name="orderCode"/>
<input type="hidden" name="datumType"/>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn" onclick="batchDatumListDownLoad()">批量下载a>
div>
form>
//批量下载
function batchDatumListDownLoad() {
var param = {};
param.datumType = $("#datumTypeQ").val();
if (param.datumType == -1) {
param.datumType = null; //查询所有
}
param.orderCode = selfOrderCode;
$("#uploadForm input[name=orderCode]").val(param.orderCode);
$("#uploadForm input[name=datumType]").val(param.datumType);
var form = $("#uploadForm")[0];
form.action = "order/datumList/batchDownLoadDatumList";
form.method = "post";
form.submit();//表单提交
}
public void batchDownLoadDatumList(DatumListVo datumListVo, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
//查询文件列表
List voList = datumListService.queryDatumLists(datumListVo);
//压缩文件
List files = new ArrayList<>();
for (DatumListVo vo : voList) {
File file = new File(vo.getDatumUrl());
files.add(file);
}
String fileName = datumListVo.getOrderCode() + "_" + datumListVo.getDatumType() + ".zip";
//在服务器端创建打包下载的临时文件
String globalUploadPath = "";
String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
if (osName.toLowerCase().indexOf("windows") >= 0) {
globalUploadPath = GlobalKeys.getString(GlobalKeys.WINDOWS_UPLOAD_PATH);
} else if (osName.toLowerCase().indexOf("linux") >= 0 || osName.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac") >= 0) {
globalUploadPath = GlobalKeys.getString(GlobalKeys.LINUX_UPLOAD_PATH);
}
String outFilePath = globalUploadPath + File.separator + fileName;
File file = new File(outFilePath);
//文件输出流
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
//压缩流
ZipOutputStream toClient = new ZipOutputStream(outStream);
//设置压缩文件内的字符编码,不然会变成乱码
toClient.setEncoding("GBK");
ZipUtil.zipFile(files, toClient);
toClient.close();
outStream.close();
ZipUtil.downloadZip(file, response);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
其中ZipUtil.java
/**
* 压缩文件列表中的文件
*
* @param files
* @param outputStream
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void zipFile(List files, ZipOutputStream outputStream) throws IOException, ServletException {
try {
int size = files.size();
//压缩列表中的文件
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
File file = (File) files.get(i);
try {
zipFile(file, outputStream);
} catch (Exception e) {
continue;
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 将文件写入到zip文件中
*
* @param inputFile
* @param outputstream
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void zipFile(File inputFile, ZipOutputStream outputstream) throws IOException, ServletException {
try {
if (inputFile.exists()) {
if (inputFile.isFile()) {
FileInputStream inStream = new FileInputStream(inputFile);
BufferedInputStream bInStream = new BufferedInputStream(inStream);
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry(inputFile.getName());
outputstream.putNextEntry(entry);
final int MAX_BYTE = 10 * 1024 * 1024; //最大的流为10M
long streamTotal = 0; //接受流的容量
int streamNum = 0; //流需要分开的数量
int leaveByte = 0; //文件剩下的字符数
byte[] inOutbyte; //byte数组接受文件的数据
streamTotal = bInStream.available(); //通过available方法取得流的最大字符数
streamNum = (int) Math.floor(streamTotal / MAX_BYTE); //取得流文件需要分开的数量
leaveByte = (int) streamTotal % MAX_BYTE; //分开文件之后,剩余的数量
if (streamNum > 0) {
for (int j = 0; j < streamNum; ++j) {
inOutbyte = new byte[MAX_BYTE];
//读入流,保存在byte数组
bInStream.read(inOutbyte, 0, MAX_BYTE);
outputstream.write(inOutbyte, 0, MAX_BYTE); //写出流
}
}
//写出剩下的流数据
inOutbyte = new byte[leaveByte];
bInStream.read(inOutbyte, 0, leaveByte);
outputstream.write(inOutbyte);
outputstream.closeEntry(); //Closes the current ZIP entry and positions the stream for writing the next entry
bInStream.close(); //关闭
inStream.close();
}
} else {
throw new ServletException("文件不存在!");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw e;
}
}
/**
* 下载打包的文件
*
* @param file
* @param response
*/
public static void downloadZip(File file, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
// 以流的形式下载文件。
BufferedInputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file.getPath()));
byte[] buffer = new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(buffer);
fis.close();
// 清空response
response.reset();
OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + file.getName());
toClient.write(buffer);
toClient.flush();
toClient.close();
file.delete(); //将生成的服务器端文件删除
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
以上基本满足文件上传下载所需。