(LeetCode 160)Intersection of Two Linked Lists

Write a program to find the node at which the intersection of two singly linked lists begins.

For example, the following two linked lists:

A:          a1 → a2
                   ↘
                     c1 → c2 → c3
                   ↗            
B:     b1 → b2 → b3

begin to intersect at node c1.

Notes:

  • If the two linked lists have no intersection at all, return null.
  • The linked lists must retain their original structure after the function returns.
  • You may assume there are no cycles anywhere in the entire linked structure.
  • Your code should preferably run in O(n) time and use only O(1) memory.

题目要求:

求两个链表的交点,如果没有,则返回NULL

要求O(n)的时间复杂度和O(1)的空间复杂度

解题思路:

1、如果不考虑空间复杂度,可以用set容器记录第一个链表的所有结点,依次遍历第二个链表,第一个存在set中的结点即为交点,否则不存在。

2、第一个链表长为x,第二个链表长为y,假设x>y,让第一个链表指针先走x-y步,(这样两个链表指针就长度对齐),然后两个链表指针一起走,如果遇到对应相等,则为交点,否则不存在。

代码:

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    int getLength(ListNode *head){
        int i=0;
        for(ListNode *p=head;p!=NULL;p=p->next)
            i++;
        return i;
    }
    
    ListNode *getIntersectionNode(ListNode *headA, ListNode *headB) {
        if(headA==NULL || headB==NULL) return NULL;
        int lenA=0,lenB=0;
        ListNode *pA,*pB;
        pA=headA;
        pB=headB;
        
        lenA=getLength(pA);
        lenB=getLength(pB);
        
        if(lenA>lenB){
            for(int i=lenA-lenB;i>0;i--)
                pA=pA->next;
        }
        
        if(lenB>lenA){
            for(int i=lenB-lenA;i>0;i--)
                pB=pB->next;
        }
        
        while(pA!=pB){
            pA=pA->next;
            pB=pB->next;
        }
        
        if(pA==pB) 
            return pA;
        else 
            return NULL;
    }
};

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