[Leetcode] 116. Reverse Nodes in k-Group

题目

Given a linked list, reverse the nodes of a linked list k at a time and return its modified list.

If the number of nodes is not a multiple of k then left-out nodes in the end should remain as it is.

You may not alter the values in the nodes, only nodes itself may be changed.

Only constant memory is allowed.

For example,
Given this linked list: 1->2->3->4->5

For k = 2, you should return: 2->1->4->3->5

For k = 3, you should return: 3->2->1->4->5

解题之法

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode *reverseKGroup(ListNode *head, int k) {
        if (!head || k == 1) return head;
        ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1);
        ListNode *pre = dummy, *cur = head;
        dummy->next = head;
        int i = 0;
        while (cur) {
            ++i;
            if (i % k == 0) {
                pre = reverseOneGroup(pre, cur->next);
                cur = pre->next;
            } else {
                cur = cur->next;
            }
        }
        return dummy->next;
    }
    ListNode *reverseOneGroup(ListNode *pre, ListNode *next) {
        ListNode *last = pre->next;
        ListNode *cur = last->next;
        while(cur != next) {
            last->next = cur->next;
            cur->next = pre->next;
            pre->next = cur;
            cur = last->next;
        }
        return last;
    }
};

分析

这道题让我们以每k个为一组来翻转链表，实际上是把原链表分成若干小段，然后分别对其进行翻转，那么肯定总共需要两个函数，一个是用来分段的，一个是用来翻转的。
我们就以题目中给的例子来看，对于给定链表1->2->3->4->5，一般在处理链表问题时，我们大多时候都会在开头再加一个dummy node，因为翻转链表时头结点可能会变化，为了记录当前最新的头结点的位置而引入的dummy node，那么我们加入dummy node后的链表变为-1->1->2->3->4->5，如果k为3的话，我们的目标是将1,2,3翻转一下，那么我们需要一些指针，pre和next分别指向要翻转的链表的前后的位置，然后翻转后pre的位置更新到如下新的位置：

-1->1->2->3->4->5
 |           |
pre         next

-1->3->2->1->4->5
          |  |
         pre next

以此类推，只要next走过k个节点，就可以调用翻转函数来进行局部翻转了。