2018-10-10 Cucumber之API测试

Prepare enviroment

• Download IntelliJ IDEA

新建一个gradle工程

• path: http://start.spring.io/

• pic

  
  
  

  image.png

add dependency in project

    compile "org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.18"
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter')
    compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
    compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-web', version:'5.0.8.RELEASE'
    compile group: 'com.alibaba', name: 'fastjson', version:'1.2.47'
    //compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-databind', version:'2.8.10'
    compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-core', version:'2.8.10'
    compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core', name: 'jackson-annotations', version:'2.8.0'
    compile group: 'io.cucumber', name: 'cucumber-java', version:'2.3.1'
    compile group: 'io.cucumber', name: 'cucumber-junit', version:'2.3.1'
    compile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version:'4.12'
    compile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium', name: 'selenium-java', version:'3.13.0'
    compile 'com.google.guava:guava:18.0'
    compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.4.1'

Develop API Framework

• Get Token example for "x-www-form-urlencoded"

String tokenURL =" Your token url";
        HttpHeaders tokenRequestHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        tokenRequestHeaders.add("Content-Type", " application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        tokenRequestHeaders.add("Accept", "application/json");
        String tokenRequestBody = "Your project body"(can check in postman)
        //tokenRequestHeaders.add("Authorization", "Basic Y2xpZW50OnBhc3N3b3Jk");
        RestTemplate tokenTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        //HttpEntity> request = new HttpEntity>(popHeaders(), tokenRequestHeaders);
        HttpEntity tokenRequestEntity = new HttpEntity(tokenRequestBody, tokenRequestHeaders);
        ResponseEntity tokenResponse = tokenTemplate.exchange(tokenURL, HttpMethod.POST, tokenRequestEntity, String.class);
        JSONObject tokenResponseBody = JSONObject.parseObject(tokenResponse.getBody());
        String accessToken = tokenResponseBody.get("access_token").toString();
        return accessToken;

• Get Token example for "form-data"

String tokenURL =" Your token url";
        HttpHeaders tokenRequestHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        tokenRequestHeaders.add("Content-Type", " form-data");
        tokenRequestHeaders.add("Accept", "application/json");
        String tokenRequestBody = "Your project body"(can check in postman)
        //tokenRequestHeaders.add("Authorization", "Basic Y2xpZW50OnBhc3N3b3Jk");
        RestTemplate tokenTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        HttpEntity> request = new HttpEntity>(popHeaders(), tokenRequestHeaders);
        //HttpEntity tokenRequestEntity = new HttpEntity(tokenRequestBody, tokenRequestHeaders);
        ResponseEntity tokenResponse = tokenTemplate.exchange(tokenURL, HttpMethod.POST, request , String.class);
        JSONObject tokenResponseBody = JSONObject.parseObject(tokenResponse.getBody());
        String accessToken = tokenResponseBody.get("access_token").toString();
        return accessToken;


protected static MultiValueMap popHeaders() {
        MultiValueMap map = new LinkedMultiValueMap();
      //get from postman
        map.add("grant_type","grant_type");
        map.add("username","user_name");
        map.add("password","user_password");
        return map;
    }

• Send request to API

 public static ResponseEntity getObject() {
        String accessToken = Token.getToken();

        String url = "api_url";
        HttpHeaders APIRequestHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        APIRequestHeaders.add("Authorization", "bearer " + accessToken);
        APIRequestHeaders.add("Content-Type", "application/json");
        RestTemplate APITemplate = new RestTemplate();
        HttpEntity APIRequestEntity = new HttpEntity(null, APIRequestHeaders);
        ResponseEntity APIResponse = APITemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, APIRequestEntity, String.class);
        return APIResponse;
    }

• Analyze response code

 public void Get_Response(String id) throws Exception {
        ResponseEntity APIResponse = Service.getSomeById(aliasValue(id), Object().toBuilder().name(aliasValue(id)).build(),1);
        actualStatusCode = APIResponse.getStatusCodeValue();
        String body="["+APIResponse.getBody()+"]";
        JSONArray APIResponseBody = JSONArray.parseArray(body);
        JSONObject firstImage = APIResponseBody.getJSONObject(0);
    }

Develop test cases for API

• Develop .feature file

Under Resources, add .feature file for your project
For Cucumber some key word:
- Feature
- Scenario
- Before
- Given
- When
- Then
- And
- After

should add some tags in the .feature file
For example:
@Tag1
@Tag1_ForFeature1
Feature: This feature is for test

@Tag1_ForFeature1_Test1
Scenario: I want to do something
    Given a precondition
    When I do something
    Then should get result1(assertion)
    And should get result2(assertion)

-Develop step definition

In Src folder add, java classes for step definitions
Add function for each step
In step definition, should implement all steps in .feature file 

• Trigger Run

Add a class: Run CucumberTest under test
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/main/resources",tags = "@tag")
public class RunCucumberTest {
}

• That's all.