首先出现此问题：

SQL> startup                                                                   
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  629145600 bytes
Fixed Size                  1220988 bytes
Variable Size             339742340 bytes
Database Buffers          285212672 bytes
Redo Buffers                2969600 bytes
ORA-00214: control file
'/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL10/controlfile/o1_mf_7266yxyh_.ctl'
version 1878 inconsistent with file
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/controlfile/o1_mf_7266yxl3_.ctl' version 1867
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.


SQL> startup                                                                                                                
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  629145600 bytes
Fixed Size                  1220988 bytes
Variable Size             339742340 bytes
Database Buffers          285212672 bytes
Redo Buffers                2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_system_7266wxq4_.dbf'

恢复上述数据文件过程中，又引起如下问题

SQL> recover datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf';                                  
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01114: IO error writing block to file 4 (block # 1)
ORA-01110: data file 4:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf'
ORA-27091: unable to queue I/O
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3

SQL> alter database  datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf' offline;                  

Database altered.

SQL> recover datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf';                                  
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-01114: IO error writing block to file 4 (block # 1)
ORA-01110: data file 4:
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf'
ORA-27091: unable to queue I/O
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 3

 [root@localhost datafile]# ll
total 2468012
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1559109632 Sep 16 01:02 o1_mf_example_7266zxqk_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  314580992 Sep 16 01:37 o1_mf_sysaux_7266wxrb_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  524296192 Sep 16 01:36 o1_mf_system_7266wxq4_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall   20979712 Sep 14 22:05 o1_mf_temp_7266zlc0_.tmp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  104865792 Sep 16 01:37 o1_mf_undotbs1_7266wyql_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root       17047552 Sep 16 01:26 o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf
[root@localhost datafile]# chown oracle:oinstall o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf
[root@localhost datafile]# ll
total 2468012
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 1559109632 Sep 16 01:02 o1_mf_example_7266zxqk_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  314580992 Sep 16 01:37 o1_mf_sysaux_7266wxrb_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  524296192 Sep 16 01:36 o1_mf_system_7266wxq4_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall   20979712 Sep 14 22:05 o1_mf_temp_7266zlc0_.tmp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  104865792 Sep 16 01:37 o1_mf_undotbs1_7266wyql_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall   17047552 Sep 16 01:26 o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf
SQL> recover datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/datafile/o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf';                                  
Media recovery complete.

[root@localhost datafile]# chown root:root o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf
[root@localhost datafile]# total 2468012
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  314580992 Sep 16 01:37 o1_mf_sysaux_7266wxrb_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  524296192 Sep 16 01:36 o1_mf_system_7266wxq4_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall   20979712 Sep 14 22:05 o1_mf_temp_7266zlc0_.tmp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall  104865792 Sep 16 01:37 o1_mf_undotbs1_7266wyql_.dbf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root       17047552 Sep 16 02:05 o1_mf_users_7266wyrp_.dbf

SQL> alter database open;                                                                                                   

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate                                                                                                     
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup                                                                                                                
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  629145600 bytes
Fixed Size                  1220988 bytes
Variable Size             343936644 bytes
Database Buffers          281018368 bytes
Redo Buffers                2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.