Oracle 10g在RHEL6上的另类安装方法

   Oracle 10g官方文档上写对于红帽linux只能装在rhel4以下的操作系统版本上，当然装在rhel5上也没有什么问题，但需要oracle公司的特别授权，否则将来无法联系oracle公司进行support。在rhel6上装oracle，如果采用传统的./runInstall.sh方式，则会遇到错误，需要用点特殊的手段，才能搞定！而且需要使用tar打包在rhel5上装好的oracle软件（关闭oracle后打包），软件体系架构要相符合；同样可以使用这种方式在PXE装机的时候，直接把oracle软件和数据库一起装上，但需要精心编写PXE post%节脚本！

1：创建oracle用户和oinstall,dba组

[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd dba
[root@rhel6 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@rhel6 ~]# echo 'oracle' |passwd --stdin oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

2：修改相应的环境变量

[root@rhel6 /]# su - oracle
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ cat .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=ora10g
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
alias sqlplus='/usr/local/rlwrap/bin/rlwrap sqlplus'
alias rman='/usr/local/rlwrap/bin/rlwrap rman'

NLS_DATE_FORMAT='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
NLS_LANG=american_america.UTF8
EDITOR=vim

export PATH ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH DISPLAY NLS_DATE_FORMAT NLS_LANG EDITOR

3：将rhel5上打包过的oracle解压到rhel6上
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/
[root@rhel6 /]# tar -zxvpf /u01/ora10g.tar.gz
 

4: 启动数据库报错如下，需要将oracle用户加入root组

[root@rhel6 /]# su - oracle
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jun 15 15:15:46 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-27125: unable to create shared memory segment
Linux-x86_64 Error: 1: Operation not permitted

[root@rhel6 /]# head -n 1 /etc/group
root:x:0:root,oracle

[root@rhel6 /]# su - oracle
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jun 15 15:34:58 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  629145600 bytes
Fixed Size                  2022824 bytes
Variable Size             197132888 bytes
Database Buffers          423624704 bytes
Redo Buffers                6365184 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select open_mode,log_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE                      LOG_MODE
------------------------------ ------------------------------------
READ WRITE                     ARCHIVELOG

5：启动isqlplus和listener

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ isqlplusctl start
[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ netstat -ntpl |egrep '1521|5560'
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:1521                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4167/tnslsnr
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5560                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4176/java

6：重新配置dbconsole,配置前保证在rhel6上可以打开dbca和netca图形界面

SQL> alter user sys identified by "123456";
User altered.

SQL> alter user system identified by "123456";
User altered.

SQL> alter user sysman identified by "123456";
User altered.

SQL> alter user dbsnmp identified by "123456";
User altered.

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop -silent -PORT 1521 -SID ora10g -SYS_PWD 123456 -DBSNMP_PWD 123456 -SYSMAN_PWD 123456

STARTED EMCA at Jun 15, 2011 4:30:43 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Jun 15, 2011 4:30:43 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/ora10g/emca_2011-06-15_04-30-43-PM.log.
Jun 15, 2011 4:30:43 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil stopOMS
INFO: Stopping Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Jun 15, 2011 4:30:48 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig dropRepository
INFO: Dropping the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Jun 15, 2011 4:32:23 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully dropped
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Jun 15, 2011 4:32:23 PM

oracle@rhel6 ~]$ emca -config dbcontrol db -repos recreate -silent -reconfig ports -DBCONTROL_HTTP_PORT 1158  -SID ora10g -HOST 192.168.50.4 -SYS_PWD 123456 -PORT 1521 -DBSNMP_PWD 123456 -SYSMAN_PWD 123456

STARTED EMCA at Jun 15, 2011 5:29:11 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Jun 15, 2011 5:29:11 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/ora10g/emca_2011-06-15_05-29-10-PM.log.
Jun 15, 2011 5:29:12 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.PortManager isPortInUse
WARNING: Specified port 1158 is already in use.
Jun 15, 2011 5:29:12 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig dropRepository
INFO: Dropping the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Jun 15, 2011 5:29:13 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully dropped
Jun 15, 2011 5:29:13 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig createRepository
INFO: Creating the EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Jun 15, 2011 5:31:35 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Repository successfully created
Jun 15, 2011 5:31:40 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Jun 15, 2011 5:33:16 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Jun 15, 2011 5:33:16 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL is http://rhel6.766.com:1158/em <<<<<<<<<<<
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Jun 15, 2011 5:33:16 PM

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ netstat -ntpl |egrep '1158|1521|5560'
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:1521                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      2095/tnslsnr
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5560                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3991/java
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:1158                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3881/java

7：测试