Week 03 Day 01
(…chapter 03 结束)
kindle #547-596/扇贝chapter 3第4节/有声音频（18:08-结束）
Vocabulary
一、重点单词：
- blow sth ↔ up:
to destroy something, or to be destroyed, by an explosion 炸毁，炸得粉碎 - gloomy:
dark, especially in a way that makes you feel sad 阴暗的，幽暗 OPP bright - outskirts:
遇见Jeff老师讲过的单词，开心
outskirts : somewhere between the city and the country, it’s somewhere between the last suburb and the place where the country begins 市郊，郊区
suburbs : communities or places where people live outside the main city 近郊
Dudley and Harry shared a room with twin beds and damp, musty sheets.
- twin room/bedroom: a room that contains two single beds （有两张单人床的）双人房间/卧室
- damp: slightly wet, often in an unpleasant way 潮湿的
- musty: a musty room, house, or object has an unpleasant smell, because it is old and has not had any fresh air for a long time （房间、屋子或物品）霉臭的，发霉的，霉烂潮湿的
扩展01：
- moist: slightly wet, especially in a way that is pleasant or suitable 潮润的，微湿的，湿润的
- wet: covered in or full of water or another liquid 湿的，潮的，潮湿的 OPP dry
snore: 今天课文名词动词词性都出现了
n.
v. to breathe in a noisy way through your mouth and nose while you are asleep 打鼾，打呼噜-
window-sill: a shelf fixed along the bottom of a window 窗台，窗沿
window.jpg
They ate stale cornflakes and cold tinned tomatoes on toast for breakfast next day.
stale: bread or cake that is stale is no longer fresh or good to eat （面包、蛋糕）不新鲜的，变味的 OPP fresh
-
cornflake: 玉米片
Cornflakes_in_bowl.jpg tinned: tinned food is food that is sold in small metal containers which can be kept for a long time before they are opened （食品）罐装的
toast: bread that has been heated so that it is brown on both sides and no longer soft 烤面包（片），吐司
- make a grab for/at something: to suddenly try to take hold of something 抓取某物
Harry made a grab for the letter but Uncle Vernon knocked his hand out of the way.
The same thing happened in the middle of a ploughed field, halfway across a suspension bridge and at the top of a multi-storey car park.
- plough
n. 作名词时可以表示犁，或者耕地
v. to turn over the earth using a plough so that seeds can be planted 犁（地），耕（地）
a ploughed field: 犁过的地
扩展02：
plough through/up/across: to move with a lot of effort or force 奋力前进
We ploughed through the thick mud.
我们在厚厚的淤泥中奋力前行。plough a lonely/lone furrow: to do a job or activity that is different from those done by other people, or to do it alone 独行其是，踽踽独行
plough through sth: to read all of something, even though it is boring and takes a long time 费力地坚持读（看）完
Most staff will never want to plough through the manuals that come with the software.
大多数员工根本不愿意坚持读完软件的使用手册。-
suspension bridge: a bridge that has no supports under it, but is hung from strong steel ropes fixed to towers 悬索桥，吊桥
Suspension bridge.jpg
扩展03：
我觉得图中认识suspension bridge和suspension cable就可以
deck有一副纸牌的意思
昨天老师姐姐讲shuffle有洗牌的意思，那么Lily shuffled the deck.就是Lily洗了牌。
- a multi-storey car park: 多层停车场，立体停车场
multi-storey: a multi-storey building has many levels or floors （建筑物）多层的
snivel: to behave or speak in a weak complaining way, especially when you are crying 啜泣，抽泣；哭诉
之前出现的那个啜泣还记得吧，大家都认得的sob，去找了下达力还有个wail恸哭，反正这种大哭大喊和打人，都是德思礼家的达力没错。-
coat hanger: an object that you use to hang clothes on 衣架 SYN hanger
a coat hanger.jpg
Perched on top of the rock was the most miserable little shack you could imagine.
岩石之上有一件你能想象得出的小得可怜的小棚屋。
- perch:
be perched on/above sth: to be in a position on top of something or on the edge of something 处在某物的上面（边上）
a house perched on a cliff above the town
一幢位于悬崖之上俯瞰城镇的房屋 - shack = hut : a small building that has not been built very well 简陋的小屋，棚屋
A toothless old man came ambling up to them, pointing, with a rather wicked grin, at an old rowing boat bobbing in the iron-grey water below them.
- amble: to walk slowly in a relaxed way 漫步 SYN saunter,stroll
- grin:
之前出现的是动词义，今天是名词义
n. a wide smile 露齿笑，咧嘴笑 - wicked:
informal behaving badly in a way that is amusing 淘气的；恶作剧的
Carl had a wicked grin on his face as he crept up behind Ellen.
卡尔一脸坏笑地悄悄走到埃伦后面。 - rowing boat: a small boat that you move through the water with oars (=long poles that are flat at the end) 划艇，用桨划的小船
- bob: to move up and down when floating on the surface of water （在水面上）上下移动，起伏
- iron-grey: iron-grey hair is dark grey 铁灰色的
‘I’ve already got us some rations,’ said Uncle Vernon, ‘so all aboard!’
“我已经给大家弄到了一些吃的！”弗农姨夫说，“咱们就都上船吧！”
（来自汉语译本）
- rations: a fixed amount of food given to a soldier or member of a group 口粮配给，定量口粮
- All aboard!
spoken used to tell passengers of a ship, bus, or train that they must get on because it will leave soon 请大家上船（上公共汽车，上火车）！
Icy sea spray and rain crept down their necks and a chilly wind whipped their faces.
- spray: 此处为名词义
n. MOVING LIQUID 飞溅的液体[uncountable] water in very small drops that is blown from the sea etc or sent up by vehicles on a wet road 浪花；水花；飞沫
vi. if liquids or small bits spray somewhere, they are quickly scattered through the air （液体或碎屑）飞溅，飞散 - creep: if mist, clouds etc creep, they gradually fill or cover a place （雾、云等）弥漫
- whip:
vt./vi. to move quickly and violently, or to make something do this （使）迅速（猛地）移动
The wind whipped her hair into her eyes.
风把她的头发吹进了眼睛里。
After what seemed like hours they reached the rock, where Uncle Vernon, slipping and sliding, led the way to the broken-down house.
- seem like:
We waited for what seemed like hours.
我们等了好像有好几个小时。 - slip: vi. FALL OR SLIDE 摔倒或滑倒 to slide a short distance accidentally, and fall or lose your balance slightly 滑倒；失足
- slide: vi./vt. to move smoothly over a surface while continuing to touch it, or to make something move in this way （使）滑行，（使）滑动
Uncle Vernon’s rations turned out to be a packet of crisps each and four bananas. He tried to start a fire but the empty crisp packets just smoked and shrivelled up.
- crisp: BrE a very thin flat round piece of potato that is cooked in oil and eaten cold （英）油炸（马铃）薯片 → chip SYN potato chip AmE
a packet of crisps
一包炸薯片 - shrivel = shrivel up: if something shrivels, or if it is shrivelled, it becomes smaller and its surface becomes covered in lines because it is very dry or old （使）皱缩；（使）干枯；（使）干瘪
The inside was horrible; it smelled strongly of seaweed, the wind whistled through the gaps in the wooden walls and the fireplace was damp and empty.
seaweed: a plant that grows in the sea 海藻，海草
whistle: vi. GO/MOVE FAST 快速移动 to move quickly, making a whistling sound 呼啸着行进
Spray from the high waves splattered the walls of the hut and a fierce wind rattled the filthy windows.
- splatter: if liquid splatters somewhere, or if someone splatters it, it falls or is thrown onto a surface 飞溅（在）；把…溅泼（于） SYN spatter
- rattle: if you rattle something, or if it rattles, it shakes and makes a quick series of short sounds （使）咯吱作响
- filthy: very dirty 十分肮脏的，污秽的
Aunt Petunia found a few mouldy blankets in the second room and made up a bed for Dudley on the moth-eaten sofa.
- mouldy: covered with mould 发霉的
- moth-eaten: old and in bad condition 破旧的
a moth-eaten old sofa
破旧的沙发
She and Uncle Vernon went off to the lumpy bed next door and Harry was left to find the softest bit of floor he could and to curl up under the thinnest, most ragged blanket.
- lumpy: covered with or containing small solid pieces 布满团块的；有团块的
a lumpy mattress
不平整的床垫
thick-lumpy-chunky-fat.jpg - curl up: to move so that you are lying or sitting with your arms and legs bent close to your body 蜷缩
- ragged: CLOTHES ETC 衣服等 torn and in bad condition 破旧的
the ragged blankets on the bed
床上的破毯子
The storm raged more and more ferociously as the night went on. Harry couldn’t sleep.
- rage: if something such as a battle, a disagreement, or a storm rages, it continues with great violence or strong emotions （战斗、争论）激烈进行；（暴风雨）肆虐
- ferocious: violent, dangerous, and frightening 凶猛的，凶残的；可怕的 SYN fierce
- rumble: if your stomach rumbles, it makes a noise, especially because you are hungry （尤指肚子因饥饿）发出咕噜声
He shivered and turned over, trying to get comfortable, his stomach rumbling with hunger.
- drown: if a loud noise drowns out another sound, it prevents it from being heard （声音）盖过，淹没
Dudley’s snores were drowned by the low rolls of thunder that started near midnight.
creak: a long high sound that something makes when someone opens it, walks on it, sits on it etc – used especially about a door, wooden floor, bed, or stairs （尤指门、木地板、床或楼梯等受力后发出的）嘎吱声
the creak of floorboards
木地板的嘎吱声
The door opened with a creak.
门吱呀一声开了。
（注意这也是作业2可以总结的一种）
Three minutes to go. Was that the sea, slapping hard on the rock like that? And (two minutes to go) what was that funny crunching noise? Was the rock crumbling into the sea?
- crunch: to make a sound like something being crushed 嘎吱作响
- crumble: if something, especially something made of stone or rock, is crumbling, small pieces are breaking off it 碎裂，崩裂，坍塌
- slap:
vi. to hit a surface with a lot of force, making a loud sharp sound 啪啪地撞击，拍击
slap against
Small waves slapped against the side of the boat.
二、其他词汇：
nightfall: 黄昏，傍晚
gleeful: very excited and satisfied 欢喜的，高兴的
三、旧词重现：
howl
stare at
Dudley snored but Harry stayed awake, sitting on the window-sill, staring down at the lights of passing cars and wondering …
哈利这个动作，你有没有想起我们看过的弗农姨夫的某个类似动作？
While Mrs Dursley was in the bathroom, Mr Dursley crept to the bedroom window and peered down into the front garden.
- stare: to look at something or someone for a long time without moving your eyes, for example because you are surprised, angry, or bored 凝视，盯着看
- peer: to look very carefully at something, especially because you are having difficulty seeing it 〔尤指因看起来费劲而〕盯着看，凝视
get out:
LEAVE 离开：He drove them into the middle of a forest, got out, looked around, shook his head, got back in the car and off they went again.
TAKE STH FROM A PLACE 从某处拿出某物：After burning all the letters, he got out a hammer and nails and boarded up the cracks around the front and back doors so no one could go out.creep
bit of
shiver
dangle
作业
- 认真学习上面的Vocabulary，翻译下面两句话。
(1)
It was freezing in the boat. Icy sea spray and rain crept down their necks and a chilly wind whipped their faces. After what seemed like hours they reached the rock, where Uncle Vernon, slipping and sliding, led the way to the broken-down house.
(2)
The inside was horrible; it smelled strongly of seaweed, the wind whistled through the gaps in the wooden walls and the fireplace was damp and empty.
(3) 翻译一下这个恶劣的居住环境：
As night fell, the promised storm blew up around them. Spray from the high waves splattered the walls of the hut and a fierce wind rattled the filthy windows. Aunt Petunia found a few mouldy blankets in the second room and made up a bed for Dudley on the moth-eaten sofa. She and Uncle Vernon went off to the lumpy bed next door and Harry was left to find the softest bit of floor he could and to curl up under the thinnest, most ragged blanket
- 翻书认真总结一下：达力的哭喊、佩妮姨妈的大喊大叫，弗农姨夫的咕哝讥笑，以及形容说话声、敲击声、摩托车声等等都算，请大家认真总结这些“与说、与声音有关”的词。（例如今日词汇表“重点词汇”第25条也算）