Scalers早起晨读 第七期 2018.12.22 day 0

原材料引用(Materials)

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped. The condition is called cardiac arrest. The heart stops pumping blood. The person stops breathing. Without lifesaving measures, the brain starts to die within four to six minutes.

CPR combines breathing into the victim's mouth and repeated presses on the chest. CPR keeps blood and oxygen flowing to the heart and brain.

However, a new Japanese study questions the usefulness of mouth-to-mouth breathing.

The study was published in the British medical magazine, The Lancet. Doctors in Tokyo led the research. It examined more than four thousand people who had suffered cardiac arrest. In all the cases, witnesses saw the event happen.

More than one thousand of the victims received some kind of medical assistance from witnesses. Seven hundred and twelve received CPR. Four hundred and thirty-nine received chest presses only. No mouth-to-mouth rescue breaths were given to them. The researchers say any kind of CPR improved chances of the patient's survival. But, they said those people treated with only chest presses suffered less brain damage.

Twenty-two percent survived with good brain ability. Only ten percent of the victims treated with traditional CPR survived with good brain ability.

The American Heart Association changed its guidelines for CPR chest presses in two thousand five. It said people should increase the number of chest presses from fifteen to thirty for every two breaths given.

Gordon Ewy is a heart doctor at the University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson. He wrote a report that appeared with the study. Doctor Ewy thinks the CPR guidelines should be changed again. He said the heart association should remove rescue breaths from the guidelines.

He argues that more witnesses to cardiac arrests would provide treatment if rescue breaths are not a part of CPR. He says this would save lives. Studies show that many people do not want to perform mouth-to-mouth breathing on a stranger for fear of getting a disease.

Cardiac arrest kills more than three hundred thousand people in the United States every year. The American Heart Association says about ninety-five percent of victims die before they get to a medical center.

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by Caty Weaver. I’m Bob Doughty

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信息和事实(Facts)

个人翻译：

这个美国之音特别英语健康报道。

心肺复苏或者说CPR，可以在某个人心脏刚停止时救命。这种情形叫心脏骤停。心脏停止泵血，这个人就停止呼吸了。没有急救措施，大脑会在四到六分钟死亡。

CPR向受害者嘴里呼气，并反复压迫他的胸口。CPR可以维持血和氧气流向心脏和大脑。

然而，一个日本的新研究对于嘴对嘴呼吸的实用性表示质疑。

这项研究发表在英国医学杂志《柳叶刀》上。东京的博士们领导着这场研究。他们调查了曾遭受心脏骤停的4,000多人，在所有的案例中，都有人见证过这件事的发生。

其中超过一千的受害者得到了目击者的药物帮助。712人接受了CPR，439人仅被压迫胸部，而没有得到嘴对嘴的呼吸救助。研究者表示，任何一种CPR都在增加受害者存活的机会，但是，他们说，仅仅被挤压胸部对脑造成的伤害更小。

22%的人带有清晰意识得存活下来，只有10%的受害者被进行传统CPR救助时能够恢复意识。

在2005年，美国心脏协会改变了对于CPR压迫心肺的指导方针，据说人们应该增加胸外按压的次数到每两次人工呼吸15到30次胸外按压。

Gordon Ewy 是来自亚利桑那的图森的大学的医药学院。他写的一篇报告里出现了这项研究。Ewy 博士认为CPR准则应当再次修改，他说心脏协会应该从准则里移除救助呼吸的部分。

他认为如果呼吸救助不是CPR准则的一部分，更多的目击心脏骤停的人会提供帮助。他表示这样可以拯救更多人的性命。研究表示很多人由于担心染上疾病而不愿意对一个陌生人用嘴对嘴的方式救助。

在美国，心脏骤停每年杀害了超过300,000人，美国心脏协会表示，95%的人在被送去医疗中心就死了。

然后，这就是美国之声特别英语健康报告，由Caty Weaver编写。我是 Bob Doughty。

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cardiopulmonary resuscitation [kɑrdioʊˈpʊlməˌnɛri rɪˌsʌsɪˈteɪʃən] 心肺复苏

cardiac arrest [ˈkɑrdiˌæk əˈrɛst] 心脏骤停

blood [blʌd] n.血

examine [ɪgˈzæmɪn] v.审查，盘问

chest [ʧɛst] n.箱，胸部

breaths [brɛθs] n.呼吸

breathing [ˈbriðɪŋ] n.&v.&a.呼吸

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感受与评价(Comments)

1.朗读过程中，经常会对某些单词的发音不确定，一查才发现单词的发音确实不对。

看到 e /ea 经常习惯发 [ i ] 的音,例如breath,会误读为 [ˈbriθ]

blood，我不注意的话，会习惯地发[bloʊd ]

2.朗读的语调平淡，与原版录音差别较大；语速从开始就听着有点急，但是跟原版录音语速相差不大，后面慢慢变快，文章还不够熟悉，后面会断一两秒。

读的时候，一紧张，二不熟，使声音有点紧，听着不舒服

3.文章字数不到400字，整体词汇不太难，有少量专有名词。尽管能够对文章英翻中，但是对于一些词汇的用法并不熟悉，仅仅是知道词汇中文意思的程度。

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统计累计的练习小时数(Hours)

1 小时