selenium2自动化测试学习笔记（三）

今天是学习selenium的第三天，今天的主题是自动登录126邮箱。

今天总结碰到的坑有三个：

1、frame内元素抓取，使用driver.switch_to.frame(frameId)方法切换锁定frame

2、等待页面渲染完毕定位输入，chrome下使用sleep(秒)等待

3、 driver的element内置方法会有失灵情况，采用driver.execute_script(js字符串)方法执行

 

初始代码，代码中的username\password替换成自己的账户密码即可

 1 from selenium import webdriver
 2 
 3 #自动打开邮箱主页登录
 4 driver = webdriver.Firefox()
 5 #driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 6 #driver = webdriver.Ie()
 7 dr.get("http://mail.126.com")
 8 idInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="email"]')
 9 pwdInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="password"]')
10 idInput.clear()
11 idInput.send_keys("username")
12 pwdInput.clear()
13 pwdInput.send_keys("password")
14 
15 dr.find_element_by_id('dologin').click()
16 
17 dr.quit()

View Code

搞了半天，怎么都获取不到，然后抓取本页面的所有input，循环打印出来，发现确实找不到登录框。

inputs = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input")
    print( len(inputs) )
    for input in inputs:
        print('input id is ',input.get_attribute("id"),
              '| input name is ',input.get_attribute("name") )

眼瞎的后面才发现是嵌套在iframe中的，这就好办了，网上搜索了下定位方法

#driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")#定位到登录frame
print('begin定位到x-URS-iframe')
driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")
print('end定位到x-URS-iframe')

 接下来的代码都一样，但是在email框中send_keys始终无法输入成功，password却可以，莫名其妙，没搞懂。

此时换成执行js方法

dologin = driver.find_element_by_id("dologin")
    email = driver.find_element_by_name("email")
    password = driver.find_element_by_name("password")
 
    print('email is_displayed ',email.is_displayed() )
    print('email is_enabled  ',email.is_enabled() )
    email.clear()
    #email.send_keys('kiokyw')#火狐此方法不行

    #调用js 输入
    email_id = email.get_attribute("id")
    js = "document.getElementById('"+email_id+"').value='username'"
    print(js)
    driver.execute_script(js)

　　执行成功，再输入password，并点击登录按钮

 password.clear()
    password.send_keys('password')

    print( 'email class = ', email.get_attribute('class') )
    print( 'email value = ', email.get_attribute('value') )
    print( 'password value = ', password.get_attribute('value') )

    
    js = "document.getElementById('dologin').click()"
    print(js)
    driver.execute_script(js)
    #dologin.click()#IE下此方法不行
    print('登录成功')

　　最后是切回主frame，否则还在原来的frame中，获取不到新页面的元素

#切回主frame
    driver.switch_to.default_content()

    #当前url
    now_url = driver.current_url
    print(now_url)

    #获取当前登录用户名
    user = driver.find_element_by_id('spnUid').text
    print(user)

　　最后是完整代码

  1 from selenium import webdriver
  2 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  3 from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  4 from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  5 from time import ctime
  6 from time import sleep
  7 
  8 driver = webdriver.Firefox()
  9 #driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 10 #driver = webdriver.Ie()
 11 
 12 #设置隐式等待为10秒
 13 driver.implicitly_wait(10)
 14 
 15 url = 'http://www.126.com'
 16 driver.get(url)
 17 print("title is ",driver.title)
 18 
 19 #element = WebDriverWait( driver,5, 0.5).until(
 20 #    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME,'wd'))
 21 #    )
 22 
 23 '''
 24 try:
 25     idInput = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//a')
 26     #等同
 27     #idInput = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('a')
 28     print(len(idInput))
 29     for a in idInput:
 30         print(a.get_attribute('id') )
 31 except:
 32     print("test error")
 33 
 34 try:
 35     
 36     element = WebDriverWait( driver,10, 0.5).until(
 37        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'dologin'))
 38     )
 39     idInput = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('input')
 40     print(len(idInput))
 41     for a in idInput:
 42         print(a.get_attribute('id') )
 43 except:
 44     print("test error")
 45 '''
 46 #定位到iframe
 47 try:
 48     sleep(10) #chrome下需要等待
 49     print( ctime(),'| url=',driver.current_url )
 50     #driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")#定位到登录frame
 51     print('begin定位到x-URS-iframe')
 52     driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")
 53     print('end定位到x-URS-iframe')
 54     
 55 
 56     inputs = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input")
 57     print( len(inputs) )
 58     for input in inputs:
 59         print('input id is ',input.get_attribute("id"),
 60               '| input name is ',input.get_attribute("name") )
 61         
 62     
 63     dologin = driver.find_element_by_id("dologin")
 64     email = driver.find_element_by_name("email")
 65     password = driver.find_element_by_name("password")
 66  
 67     print('email is_displayed ',email.is_displayed() )
 68     print('email is_enabled  ',email.is_enabled() )
 69     email.clear()
 70     #email.send_keys('kiokyw')#火狐此方法不行
 71 
 72     #调用js 输入成功
 73     
 74     email_id = email.get_attribute("id")
 75     js = "document.getElementById('"+email_id+"').value='kiokyw'"
 76     print(js)
 77     driver.execute_script(js)
 78    
 79     
 80     password.clear()
 81     password.send_keys('Yy19861121')
 82 
 83     print( 'email class = ', email.get_attribute('class') )
 84     print( 'email value = ', email.get_attribute('value') )
 85     print( 'password value = ', password.get_attribute('value') )
 86 
 87     
 88     js = "document.getElementById('dologin').click()"
 89     print(js)
 90     driver.execute_script(js)
 91     #dologin.click()#IE下此方法不行
 92     print('登录成功')
 93 
 94 
 95     #切回主frame
 96     driver.switch_to.default_content()
 97 
 98     #当前url
 99     now_url = driver.current_url
100     print(now_url)
101 
102     #获取当前登录用户名
103     user = driver.find_element_by_id('spnUid').text
104     print(user)
105     
106 except  BaseException as msg:
107     print(msg)
108 
109 print("关闭浏览器")
110 driver.quit()

以上代码太长了，再另附一份谷歌登录163邮箱的代码,重点是需要等待渲染

 1 from selenium import webdriver
 2 from time import sleep
 3 
 4 #自动打开邮箱主页登录
 5 #dr= webdriver.Firefox()
 6 dr= webdriver.Chrome()
 7 #dr = webdriver.Ie()
 8 dr.get("http://mail.163.com")
 9 sleep(2)
10 dr.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")
11 idInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="email"]')
12 pwdInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="password"]')
13 idInput.clear()
14 idInput.send_keys("username")
15 pwdInput.clear()
16 pwdInput.send_keys("password")
17 
18 dr.find_element_by_id('dologin').click()
19 
20 dr.quit()