DebootstrapChroot
You can work anywhere - this howto will assume you're using /var/chroot
你可以在任何地方工作-本指南假定你使用的是/var/chroot
If you are running warty and want a hoary chroot you will need to install the debootstrap package from hoary [WWW] http://higgs.djpig.de/ubuntu/www/hoary/admin/debootstrap
如果你使用的是Warty并需要一个Hoary的Chroot环境的话，可以从http://higgs.djpig.de/ubuntu/www/hoary/admin/debootstrap中安装Hoary的Debootstrap包。
If you are running hoary and want a breezy chroot you will need this debootstrap package or recompile debootstrap from breezy yourself: [WWW] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_ 0.2.45 ubuntu36_i386.deb [WWW] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_0.2.45ubuntu35_amd64.deb
如果你使用的是Hoary而需要一个Breezy的Chroot环境的话，可以安装下面的Debootstrap包或重新编译下面Breezy的Debootstrap包：[url] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_ 0.2.45 ubuntu36_i386.deb [/url][url] http://dev.kubuntu.org.uk/~jr/debootstrap_0.2.45ubuntu35_amd64.deb[/url]
代码:
sudo apt-get install dchroot debootstrap
sudo mkdir /var/chroot
sudo editor /etc/dchroot.conf
Append this line
添加该行
代码:
mychroot /var/chroot
If you want a 32-bit chroot on amd64 add --arch i386 to this command line. If you use the chroot to build packages add --variant=buildd
如果你想在amd64上模拟32-bit的Chroot环境的话，添加--arch i386参数。如果你使用chroot环境编译该包的话，添加--variant=buildd参数
代码:
sudo debootstrap [--variant=buildd] [--arch i386] hoary /var/chroot/ http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /var/chroot/etc/resolv.conf
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /var/chroot/etc/apt/
sudo chroot /var/chroot/
apt-get update
apt-get install wget debconf devscripts gnupg #For package-building
apt-get install locales dialog #If you don't talk en_US
dpkg-reconfigure locales
exit
Fix the user and root password
修改用户和根用户密码
代码:
sudo cp /etc/passwd /var/chroot/etc/
sudo sed 's/\([^:]*\):[^:]*:/\1:*:/' /etc/shadow | sudo tee /var/chroot/etc/shadow
sudo cp /etc/group /var/chroot/etc/
sudo cp /etc/hosts /var/chroot/etc/ # avoid sudo warnings when it will resolvin chroot
To enable sudo and setup your passwords for root and the first sudo user in the admin group:
为了能sudo和在admin组中第一个sudo用户和根用户设置密码
代码:
sudo cp /etc/sudoers /var/chroot/etc/
sudo chroot /var/chroot/
dpkg-reconfigure passwd
passwd
exit
Finish things up:
最后：
代码:
sudo editor /etc/fstab
Add these lines: (/media/cdrom is optional, of course)
添加下列行：（/media/cdrom当然是可选项）
代码:
/home /var/chroot/home none bind 0 0
/tmp /var/chroot/tmp none bind 0 0
/media/cdrom /var/chroot/media/cdrom none bind 0 0
proc-chroot /var/chroot/proc proc defaults 0 0
devpts-chroot /var/chroot/dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0
Mount them:
挂载它们：
代码:
sudo mount /var/chroot/home
sudo mount /var/chroot/tmp
sudo mount /var/chroot/media/cdrom
sudo mount /var/chroot/proc
sudo mount /var/chroot/dev/pts
The default bash path includes chroot information. To make this visible:
缺省Bash目录包含了Chroot信息，为了使之可见：
代码:
sudo chroot /var/chroot/
echo mychroot > etc/debian_chroot
exit
Now when you want to use your chroot (you may omit the -c mychroot if there's only one, or you just want the first one in the file). The -d parameter means that your environment will be preserved, this is generally useful if you want chrooted applications to seamlessly use your X server, your session manager, etc.
现在当你想使用你的Chroot环境时（你可以忽略-c mychroot参数，如果你只有一个或只想使用文件中的第一个时）。-d参数意味着你的环境将被保留，当你想你的Chroot环境中的应用程序想无缝地使用你的X服务器、会话管理器时,这通常是有用的。
代码:
dchroot -c mychroot -d