linux 获取磁盘信息, 添加硬盘, 分区

title: linux 获取磁盘信息, 添加硬盘, 分区
date: 2018-02-11 20:50:48
categories: [Linux]
tags: [Linux,notes,BigDate, LinuxCommand]

磁盘分区
Linux 系统默认所有文件都在/dev 目录下
sata sas scsi ide 常用接口类型
fdisk -l 查看系统所有硬盘的分区情况
- 系统一共有几块硬盘
- 每个硬盘的分区情况(硬盘空间是否有空余)

[root@localhost tmp]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000ba94c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        6528    51915776   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 51.1 GB, 51078234112 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6209 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

/dev/sda --硬盘1 sda1第一个分区 sda2第二个分区 sda3第三个分区
/dev/sdb --硬盘1 sdb1第一个分区 sdb2第二个分区 sdb3第三个分区
/dev/sdc --硬盘1 sda1第一个分区 sda2第二个分区 sda3第三个分区

为虚拟机添加硬盘

关闭虚拟机, 操作
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使用默认选项
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选择单个文件
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  [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
  
  Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  Disk identifier: 0x000ba94c
  
     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
  /dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
  Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
  /dev/sda2              64        6528    51915776   8e  Linux LVM
  
  Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes
  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders
  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  Disk identifier: 0x00000000
  
  
  Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 51.1 GB, 51078234112 bytes
  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6209 cylinders
  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  Disk identifier: 0x00000000
  
  
  Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes
  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders
  Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

添加硬盘sdb, 使用前需要接入并分区

fdisk /dev/sdb -- 交互界面引导操作随时m查看help
n -- 添加分区 -- 主分区+拓展分区(逻辑分区) <=4

步骤

fdisk 设备名称(/dev/sdb)
partx -a /dev/sdb --重新识别系统分区
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb --格式化
mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt -- 临时挂载

[root@localhost dev]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       47G  4.0G   41G   9% /
tmpfs                 491M   76K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   36M  417M   8% /boot
/dev/sr0              3.7G  3.7G     0 100% /media/CentOS_6.9_Final
[root@localhost dev]# mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt
[root@localhost dev]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
                       47G  4.0G   41G   9% /
tmpfs                 491M   76K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             477M   36M  417M   8% /boot
/dev/sr0              3.7G  3.7G     0 100% /media/CentOS_6.9_Final
/dev/sdb6              25G   44M   24G   1% /mnt

永久挂载写入 /etc/fstab
umount --卸载挂载

文件系统 ext2 ext3 ext4 xfs
block: linux 操作系统管理文件的最小(逻辑)单位

linux 获取磁盘信息, 添加硬盘, 分区

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