初始化MYSQL数据库的时候提示缺少perl和data::dumper

这个时候需要安装两个包，

yum install perl

yum install autoconf

初始化MYSQL数据库的时候提示innodb数据库文件大小错误

2018-08-28 18:01:51 26794 [ERROR] InnoDB: auto-extending data file ./ibdata1 is of a different size 768 pages (rounded down to MB) than specified in the .cnf file: initial 131072 pages, max 0 (relevant if non-zero) pages!
2018-08-28 18:01:51 26794 [ERROR] InnoDB: Could not open or create the system tablespace. If you tried to add new data files to the system tablespace, and it failed here, you should now edit innodb_data_file_path in my.cnf back to what it was, and remove the new ibdata files InnoDB created in this failed attempt. InnoDB only wrote those files full of zeros, but did not yet use them in any way. But be careful: do not remove old data files which contain your precious data!
2018-08-28 18:01:51 26794 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error.
2018-08-28 18:01:51 26794 [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed.
2018-08-28 18:01:51 26794 [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported storage engine: InnoDB
2018-08-28 18:01:51 26794 [ERROR] Aborting

这是因为系统中有其他my.cnf文件。只要初始化的时候指定初始化文件my.cnf，就可以了。

 /opt/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldata/3306/data --basedir=/opt/mysql --defaults-file='/data/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf' 
Installing MySQL system tables...2018-08-28 18:04:30 0 [Note] /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.31-log) starting as process 26865 ...

OK

Filling help tables...2018-08-28 18:05:03 0 [Note] /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.31-log) starting as process 26889 ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

  /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  /opt/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h mysql01 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

  /opt/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

  cd . ; /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

WARNING: Found existing config file /opt/mysql/my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as /opt/mysql/my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server