有关Tensorflow梯度下降常用的优化方法分享

1.tf.train.exponential_decay() 指数衰减学习率：

#tf.train.exponential_decay(learning_rate, global_steps, decay_steps, decay_rate, staircase=True/False)：
#指数衰减学习率
#learning_rate-学习率
#global_steps-训练轮数
#decay_steps-完整的使用一遍训练数据所需的迭代轮数；=总训练样本数/batch
#decay_rate-衰减速度
#staircase-衰减方式；=True，那就表明每decay_steps次计算学习速率变化，更新原始学习速率；=alse，那就是每一步都更新学习速率。learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(
initial_learning_rate = 0.001
global_step = tf.Variable(0, trainable=False)
decay_steps = 100
decay_rate = 0.95
total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()
learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(initial_learning_rate, global_step, decay_steps, decay_rate, True, name='learning_rate')
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(total_loss, global_step)

2.tf.train.ExponentialMovingAverage(decay, steps) 滑动平均更新参数：

initial_learning_rate = 0.001
global_step = tf.Variable(0, trainable=False)
decay_steps = 100
decay_rate = 0.95
total_loss = slim.losses.get_total_loss()
learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(initial_learning_rate, global_step, decay_steps, decay_rate, True, name='learning_rate')
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(total_loss, global_step)
ema = tf.train.ExponentialMovingAverage(decay=0.9999)
#tf.trainable_variables--返回的是需要训练的变量列表
averages_op = ema.apply(tf.trainable_variables())
with tf.control_dependencies([optimizer]):
   train_op = tf.group(averages_op)

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