前缀:a-

a-

❈主要来源于古英语表示“on”的an。一般表示处于其所缀合的词的状态(on, in, at)或让动作发生(from, to),即“(正在进行)…地”、“(使其)进行、(使其)在发生”。可以构成副词、形容词、介词和动词(作为动词时有时是ad-或ab-的缩略)。a-所缀合的词一般也可单独成词。

life生命;live生、活→alive活着的(比较lively)

*live show中的形容词live是alive的缩略形式。

It was decided to call off the search whenthere was no hope of finding the missing child alive.

在没有希望找到那名失踪的孩子生还时,决定停止搜寻。

sleep睡→asleep睡着的、睡着地(比较sleepy)

His head drooped down and a few momentslater he fell asleep.

他垂下头,不一会就睡着了。

She slipped into the children's room tomake sure they were all asleep.

她悄悄进入孩子们的房间,以弄清楚他们是否都入睡了。

drift漂→adrift(on drifting)漂着的

The survivors were adrift on a raft for sixdays.

幸存者在筏子上漂浮了六天。

We had to cut the boat adrift.

我们只好让小船自行漂流。

board船板→aboard在船(板)上

The train is about to leave. All aboard!

火车就要开动了。请大家上车!

head头、首、第一→ahead在首(位)的、在前面的

They were sent ahead of the main troops toexamine the enemy's position.

他们被派作主力部队的先遣小组,去探明敌人的阵地。

fire火→ afire着火的、燃烧着的

It will set the cabin afire in no time.

这会把这座小木屋分分钟烧掉的。

middle中、中的→amid在中间的、在…之中的(amidst的词形比较again→agianst)

It may be hard to remember amid all thenews of decline, but in plenty of areas, the United States is still the world'sleader.

被经济下滑的消息重重包围的人们可能很难记得,在许多领域,美国仍然是世界老大。

For only in the grip of darkness will weshine amidst the brightest stars.

只有深陷在黑暗里,我们才能在最亮的群星间闪耀光芒。

wake醒→awake使醒来

If she is still awake, ask her to come down.

如果她还没有睡,就叫她下来。

Don't worry! I shall awake him on time.

不用担心!到时我会叫醒他的。

某些介词也含有该前缀,如:

about (on by-out)

above (on by-over)


☞试着理解下列含有前缀a-的单词含义:

afloat  aflutter  awash  ashore  afield  aground  away  aback  aside  afoot  aloud  alike  amaze  await


*在识词卡中,该含有该前缀的单词归入其原型词中,如ashame请查阅shame。

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