GUI的操作必须发生在主线程或应用程序的主循环所处的地方中。
而在wxpython中使用了wxPython的全局函数wx.CallAfter(),该函数是传递消息给你的主线程的最容易的方法。
wx.CallAfter()使得主线程在当前的事件处理完成后,可以对一个不同的线程调用一个函数。
传递给wx.CallAfter()的函数对象总是在主线程中被执行。
下面是示例程序:
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*- import wx import threading import random class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): ''' This just simulates some long-running task that periodically sends a message to the GUI thread. 561 / 565 ''' def __init__(self,threadNum,window): threading.Thread.__init__(self) self.threadNum = threadNum self.window = window self.timeToQuit = threading.Event() self.timeToQuit.clear() self.messageCount = random.randint(10,20) self.messageDelay = 0.1 + 2.0*random.random() # 运行一个线程 def run(self): msg = "Thread %d iterating %d times with a delay of %1.4f\n"% (self.threadNum, self.messageCount,self.messageDelay) wx.CallAfter(self.window.LogMessage,msg) for i in range(1,self.messageCount+1): self.timeToQuit.wait(self.messageDelay) if self.timeToQuit.isSet():#判断是否设置了标志位 break msg = "Message %d from thread %d\n" %(i,self.threadNum) wx.CallAfter(self.window.LogMessage,msg) else: wx.CallAfter(self.window.ThreadFinished,self) #暂停所有线程 def stop(self): self.timeToQuit.set() class MyFrame(wx.Frame): def __init__(self): wx.Frame.__init__(self,None,title="Multi-threaded GUI") self.threads=[] self.count=0 panel=wx.Panel(self) startBtn=wx.Button(panel,-1,"Start a thread") stopBtn=wx.Button(panel,-1,"Stop all threads") self.tc=wx.StaticText(panel,-1,"Worker Threads: 00") self.log=wx.TextCtrl(panel,-1,"",style=wx.TE_RICH|wx.TE_MULTILINE) inner=wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL) inner.Add(startBtn,0,wx.RIGHT,15) inner.Add(stopBtn,0,wx.RIGHT,15) inner.Add(self.tc,0,wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL) main=wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) main.Add(inner,0,wx.ALL,5) main.Add(self.log,1,wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL,5) panel.SetSizer(main) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnStartButton,startBtn) self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.OnStopButton,stopBtn) self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE,self.OnCloseWindow) self.UpdateCount() def OnStartButton(self,evt): self.count+=1 thread=WorkerThread(self.count,self)#创建一个线程 self.threads.append(thread) self.UpdateCount() thread.start()#启动线程 def OnStopButton(self,evt): self.StopThreads() self.UpdateCount() def OnCloseWindow(self,evt): self.StopThreads() self.Destroy() def StopThreads(self):#从池中删除线程 while self.threads: thread=self.threads[0] thread.stop() self.threads.remove(thread) def UpdateCount(self): self.tc.SetLabel("Worker Threads: %d"%len(self.threads)) def LogMessage(self,msg):#注册一个消息 self.log.AppendText(msg) def ThreadFinished(self,thread):#删除线程 self.threads.remove(thread) self.UpdateCount() app=wx.App() frm=MyFrame() frm.Show() app.MainLoop()
上面这个例子使用了Python的threading模块。上面的代码使用wx.CallAfter(func,*args)传递方法给主线程。这将发送一个事件给主线程,之后,事件以标准的方式被处理,并触发对func(*args)的调用。因些,在这种情况中,线程在它的生命周期期间调用LogMessage(),并在线程结束前调用ThreadFinished()。