CentOS7 Docker私有仓库搭建及删除镜像

 

文章来源:centos7 Docker私有仓库搭建及删除镜像

 

如果不想用私有镜像库,你可以用docker的库 https://hub.docker.com

 

环境准备

环境:两个装有Docker 17.09.0-ce 的centos7虚拟机 
虚拟机一:192.168.0.154 用户开发机 
虚拟机二:192.168.0.153 用作私有仓库

 

 

搭建私有仓库

在153机器上下载registry镜像

docker pull registry

 

下载完之后我们通过该镜像启动一个容器

docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry

 

默认情况下,会将仓库存放于容器内的/tmp/registry目录下,这样如果容器被删除,则存放于容器中的镜像也会丢失,所以我们一般情况下会指定本地一个目录挂载到容器内的/tmp/registry下,

不过具体的情况还是要到容器里去看

先启动容器

docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/tmp/registry registry 
b4c21ca8cf8a23ea72e0471909742541ffc312ea5cf492486b5bdc3130179864

 

我们重新启动下 registry

docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/data/registry:/var/lib/registry  -v /data/config.yml:/etc/docker/registry/config.yml  registry 

 

/data/config.yml 这个是什么呢?我们在下面删除仓库镜像介绍

这里需要说明一点,在启动仓库时,需在配置文件中的storage配置中增加delete=true配置项,允许删除镜像。默认的镜像是没有这个参数

 1 cat config.yml
 2  
 3 version: 0.1
 4 log:
 5   fields:
 6     service: registry
 7 storage:
 8   delete:
 9     enabled: true
10   cache:
11     blobdescriptor: inmemory
12   filesystem:
13     rootdirectory: /var/lib/registry
14 http:
15   addr: :5000
16   headers:
17     X-Content-Type-Options: [nosniff]
18 health:
19   storagedriver:
20     enabled: true
21     interval: 10s
22     threshold: 3

 

可以看到我们启动了一个容器,地址为:192.168.0.153:5000。

 

 

测试

接下来我们就要操作把一个本地镜像push到私有仓库中。首先在153机器下pull一个比较小的镜像来测试(此处使用的是busybox)。

docker pull busybox

 

接下来修改一下该镜像的tag。

docker tag busybox 192.168.0.153:5000/busybox

 

接下来把打了tag的镜像上传到私有仓库。

docker push 192.168.0.153:5000/busybox

 

可以看到 push 失败:

Error: Invalid registry endpoint https://192.168.0.153:5000/v1/: Get https://192.168.0.153:5000/v1/_ping: dial tcp 192.168.0.153:5000: connection refused. If this private registry supports only HTTP or HTTPS with an unknown CA certificate, please add `--insecure-registry 192.168.112.136:5000` to the daemon's arguments. In the case of HTTPS, if you have access to the registry's CA certificate, no need for the flag; simply place the CA certificate at /etc/docker/certs.d/192.168.0.153:5000/ca.crt 

 

因为Docker从1.3.X之后,与docker registry交互默认使用的是https,然而此处搭建的私有仓库只提供http服务,所以当与私有仓库交互时就会报上面的错误。为了解决这个问题需要在启动docker server时增加启动参数为默认使用http访问。修改docker启动配置文件:

vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

 

找到 ExecStart

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd  --insecure-registry 192.168.0.153:5000

红色字体为添加的

 

重启docker:

1 systemctl daemon-reload
2 systemctl restart docker

 

重启完之后我们再次运行推送命令,把本地镜像推送到私有服务器上。

docker push 192.168.0.153:5000/busybox

 

接下来我们从私有仓库中pull下来该镜像。

sudo docker pull 192.168.0.153:5000/busybox

 

查看镜像

1 # curl -XGET http://registry:5000/v2/_catalog
2 # curl -XGET http://registry:5000/v2/image_name/tags/list

 

 

Registry删除镜像、垃圾回收

Docker仓库在2.1版本中支持了删除镜像的API,但这个删除操作只会删除镜像元数据,不会删除层数据。在2.4版本中对这一问题进行了解决,增加了一个垃圾回收命令,删除未被引用的层数据

 

打包上传镜像

 1 [root@master scripts]# docker tag alpine:v1 192.168.0.153:5000/fbgweb:v1
 2 [root@master scripts]# docker push 192.168.0.153:5000/fbgweb:v1
 3 The push refers to a repository [192.168.0.153:5000/fbgweb]
 4 e30c8796115a: Pushed 
 5 9922d8737f34: Pushed 
 6 c3cc0aba53da: Pushed 
 7 f73b42f6c905: Pushed 
 8 4a3fe911d00f: Pushed 
 9 187a385eda60: Pushed 
10 0e23c00d0c30: Pushed 
11 d221a7f5318b: Pushed 
12 7e2d3752fd4f: Pushed 
13 v1: digest: sha256:6a67ba482a8dd4f8143ac96b1dcffa5e45af95b8d3e37aeba72401a5afd7ab8e size: 2204

 

查看仓库镜像 (查看仓库镜像脚本 get.py)

1 [root@master scripts]# python get.py  
2 192.168.0.153:5000/fbgweb:v1
3 192.168.0.153:5000/nginx:1.7.9
4 192.168.0.153:5000/nginx:1.8

 

查看数据进行仓库容器中,通过du命令查看大小

1 [root@master ~]# docker exec -it f70d0c79e6d546d4 sh
2 ~ # du  -chs  /var/lib/registry/
3 182.4M  /var/lib/registry/
4 182.4M  total

 

删除镜像

删除镜像对应的API如下:

DELETE /v2//manifests/

name:镜像名称

reference: 镜像对应sha256值

 

发送请求,删除刚才上传的镜像

1 [root@master scripts]#  curl -I -X DELETE http://192.168.0.153:5000/v2/fbgweb/manifests/sha256:6a67ba482a8dd4f8143ac96b1dcffa5e45af95b8d3e37aeba72401a5afd7ab8e
2 HTTP/1.1 202 Accepted
3 Docker-Distribution-Api-Version: registry/2.0
4 X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
5 Date: Mon, 13 Nov 2017 13:04:24 GMT
6 Content-Length: 0
7 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8

 

查看镜像

1 [root@master scripts]# python get.py 
2 192.168.0.153:5000/nginx:1.7.9
3 192.168.0.153:5000/nginx:1.8
4 192.168.0.153:5000/nginx:latest

可以看到镜像索引已经被删除

 

查看数据大小

1 [root@master ~]# docker exec -it f70d0c79e6d546d4 sh
2 ~ # du  -chs  /var/lib/registry/
3 182.4M  /var/lib/registry/
4 182.4M  total

可以看到数据大小没有变化(只删除了元数据)

 

垃圾回收

进行容器执行垃圾回收命令

 1 ~ # registry garbage-collect /etc/docker/registry/config.yml 
 2 31 blobs marked, 5 blobs eligible for deletion
 3 blob eligible for deletion: sha256:5e7cf06c8745d0985f94191c60aad8b87371c8a674162525bff0efccdb805931
 4 INFO[0000] Deleting blob: /docker/registry/v2/blobs/sha256/5e/5e7cf06c8745d0985f94191c60aad8b87371c8a674162525bff0efccdb805931  go.version=go1.7.6 instance.id=c38f4c35-9914-4b77-a59f-ea584137fae0
 5 blob eligible for deletion: sha256:6a67ba482a8dd4f8143ac96b1dcffa5e45af95b8d3e37aeba72401a5afd7ab8e
 6 INFO[0000] Deleting blob: /docker/registry/v2/blobs/sha256/6a/6a67ba482a8dd4f8143ac96b1dcffa5e45af95b8d3e37aeba72401a5afd7ab8e  go.version=go1.7.6 instance.id=c38f4c35-9914-4b77-a59f-ea584137fae0
 7 blob eligible for deletion: sha256:966e2fb5980b2a854c03551418af0b2ee2bef082dfaae075026d00fa36620960
 8 INFO[0000] Deleting blob: /docker/registry/v2/blobs/sha256/96/966e2fb5980b2a854c03551418af0b2ee2bef082dfaae075026d00fa36620960  go.version=go1.7.6 instance.id=c38f4c35-9914-4b77-a59f-ea584137fae0
 9 blob eligible for deletion: sha256:a122ad1ef7a033582abfc7bae980cc11bdcc2d19bed7d8ea5b7efc50d16456c8
10 INFO[0000] Deleting blob: /docker/registry/v2/blobs/sha256/a1/a122ad1ef7a033582abfc7bae980cc11bdcc2d19bed7d8ea5b7efc50d16456c8  go.version=go1.7.6 instance.id=c38f4c35-9914-4b77-a59f-ea584137fae0
11 blob eligible for deletion: sha256:b29205236f1d3eb6143e95f3a412a8f21a16a10b09c7aee28ecba3d803832285
12 INFO[0000] Deleting blob: /docker/registry/v2/blobs/sha256/b2/b29205236f1d3eb6143e95f3a412a8f21a16a10b09c7aee28ecba3d803832285  go.version=go1.7.6 instance.id=c38f4c35-9914-4b77-a59f-ea584137fae0

 

查看数据大小

1 ~ # du  -chs  /var/lib/registry/
2 159.5M  /var/lib/registry/
3 159.5M  total

 

可以看到镜像数据已被删除

 

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