主题模式

• Topic(主题模式)

  • Topic exchange

    direct类型的Exchange路由规则是完全匹配binding key与routing key，但这种严格的匹配方式在很多情况下不能满足实际业务需求。topic类型的Exchange在匹配规则上进行了扩展，它与direct类型的Exchage相似，也是将消息路由到binding key与routing key相匹配的Queue中，但匹配规则有些不同
    routing_key-它必须是单词列表，以点分隔。这些词可以是任何东西，但是通常它们指定与消息相关的某些功能。一些有效的rounting key 如："stock.usd.nyse"，"nyse.vmw"，"quick.orange.rabbit"。rounting key中可以包含任意多个单词，最多255个字节。
    binding key可以存在如下两种特殊的字符 即：
    1、*（星号）可以代替一个单词。
    2、＃（哈希）可以替代零个或多个单词

    ​ 在上面图片中,Routing key 设置为"quick.orange.rabbit"的消息将传递到两个队列。消息"lazy.orange.elephant"也将发送给他们两个。但，"quick.orange.fox"只会进入第一个队列，而"lazy.brown.fox"只会进入第二个队列。"lazy.pink.rabbit"将被传递到第二队只有一次，即使两个绑定匹配。"quick.brown.fox"与任何绑定都不匹配，因此将被丢弃。
    如果我们发送一个或四个单词的消息，例如"orange"或"quick.orange.male.rabbit",这些消息将不匹配任何绑定,并且将会丢失。但"lazy.orange.male.rabbit"即使有四个单词，也将匹配最后一个绑定，并将其传送到第二个队列。

  • 生产者消费者代码：

    ​ 生产者

    public class TopicEmitLog {
        private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //获取连接
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection("localhost", 5672, "/", "guest", "guest");
    
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
    
            //创建队列
            //channel.queueDeclare("direct_loge",true,false,false,null);
            //声明交换机，
            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
    
            String message="hello";
            //发送消息
    
            //发送消息
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topics.log", null, message.getBytes("utf-8"));
    
            channel.close();
            connection.close();
    
        }
    
    }

    消费者1可以收到消息

    public class TopicRecv {
    
        public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "topic_queues";
    
        public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
            //获取连接
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection("localhost", 5672, "/", "guest", "guest");
    
            //声明通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
    
            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
            //声明队列队列
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,false,false,false,null);
            //4.绑定队列到交换器,指定路由key为topics
            channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "topics.#");
    
            //
            //channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic.*");
    
            DeliverCallback deliverCallback = new DeliverCallback(){
                @Override
                public void handle(String consumerTag, Delivery delivery) throws IOException {
                    String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
                    System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
                }
            };
    
            channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, new CancelCallback(){
                @Override
                public void handle(String consumerTag) throws IOException {
    
                }
            });
    
        }
    
    }

    消费者2收不到消息

    public class TopicRecv2 {
    
        public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "topic_queues2";
    
        public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "topic_logs";
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
            //获取连接
            Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection("localhost", 5672, "/", "guest", "guest");
    
            //声明通道
            Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
    
            channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
            //声明队列队列
            channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,false,false,false,null);
            //4.绑定队列到交换器,指定路由key为topics
            //channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "topics.#");
    
            //
            channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic.*");
    
            DeliverCallback deliverCallback = new DeliverCallback(){
                @Override
                public void handle(String consumerTag, Delivery delivery) throws IOException {
                    String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
                    System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
                }
            };
    
            channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, new CancelCallback(){
                @Override
                public void handle(String consumerTag) throws IOException {
    
                }
            });
    
        }
    
    }

相关代码链接： https://github.com/albert-liu435/springmq