功能要求为:1,数据采集,定期从网络中爬取信息领域的相关热词
2,数据清洗:对热词信息进行数据清洗,并采用自动分类技术生成自动分类计数生成信息领域热词目录。
3,热词解释:针对每个热词名词自动添加中文解释(参照百度百科或维基百科)
4,热词引用:并对近期引用热词的文章或新闻进行标记,生成超链接目录,用户可以点击访问;
5,数据可视化展示:① 用字符云或热词图进行可视化展示;② 用关系图标识热词之间的紧密程度。
6,数据报告:可将所有热词目录和名词解释生成 WORD 版报告形式导出。
本次完成第四部的部分功能部分,由于还没写界面,所以只是获得超链接。
思路:遍历热词文件,得到热词,再循环爬取新闻的标题和内容,与热词一一对应,如果可以对应上,就添加到文件中,文件中每行是包含所有和热词相关的文章标题和超链接。
代码如下:
import requests from lxml import etree import re def getDetail(href, title,line): line1 = line.replace('\n', '') #print(title) head = { 'cookie': '_ga=GA1.2.617656226.1563849568; __gads=ID=c19014f666d039b5:T=1563849576:S=ALNI_MZBAhutXhG60zo7dVhXyhwkfl_XzQ; UM_distinctid=16cacb45b0c180-0745b471080efa-7373e61-144000-16cacb45b0d6de; __utmz=226521935.1571044157.1.1.utmcsr=baidu|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic; __utma=226521935.617656226.1563849568.1571044157.1571044156.1; SyntaxHighlighter=python; .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies=CfDJ8Nf-Z6tqUPlNrwu2nvfTJEgfH-Wr7LrYHIrX6zFY2UqlCesxMAsEz9JpAIbaPlpJgugnPrXvs5KuTOPnzbk1pa_VZIVlfx1x5ufN55Z8sb63ACHlNKd4JMqI93TE2ONBD5KSWd-ryP2Tq1WfI9e_uTiJIIO9vlm54pfLY0fIReGGtqJkQ5E90ahfHtJeDTgM1RHXRieqriLUIXRciu-3QYwk8x5vLZfJIEUMO5g_seeG6G6FW2kbd6Uw3BfRkkIi-g2O_LSlBqj0DdbJFlNmd-TnPmckz5AENnX9f3SPVVhfmg7zINi4G2SSUcYWSvtVqdUtQ8o9vbBKosXoFOTUNH17VXX_IX8V0ODbs8qQfCkPFaDjS8RWSRkW9KDPOmXyqrtHvRXgGRydee52XJ1N8V-Mu0atT0zMwqzblDj2PDahV1R0Y7nBvzIy8uit15vGtR_r0gRFmFSt3ftTkk63zZixWgK7uZ5BsCMZJdhqpMSgLkDETjau0Qe1vqtLvDGOuBZBkznlzmTa-oZ7D6LrDhHJubRpCICUGRb5SB6WcbaxwOqE1um40OSyila-PgwySA; .CNBlogsCookie=9F86E25644BC936FAE04158D0531CF8F01D604657A302F62BA92F3EB0D7BE317FDE7525EFE154787036095256D48863066CB19BB91ADDA7932BCC3A2B13F6F098FC62FDA781E0FBDC55280B73670A89AE57E1CA5E1269FC05B8FFA0DD6048B0363AF0F08; _gid=GA1.2.1435993629.1581088378; __utmc=66375729; __utmz=66375729.1581151594.2.2.utmcsr=cnblogs.com|utmccn=(referral)|utmcmd=referral|utmcct=/; __utma=66375729.617656226.1563849568.1581151593.1581161200.3; __utmb=66375729.6.10.1581161200' } url2 = "https://news.cnblogs.com" + href r2 = requests.get(url2, headers=head) html = r2.content.decode("utf-8") html1 = etree.HTML(html) content1 = html1.xpath('//div[@id="news_body"]') #print('line:'+line) if len(content1)==0: print("异常") else: content2 =content1[0].xpath('string(.)') #print(content2) content = content2.replace('\r', '').replace('\t', '').replace('\n', '').replace(' ','') #print(title) #print(content) #print(line) m = content.find(line1) n = title.find(line1) # print(line1) # print(m) # print(n) #python中是没有&&及||这两个运算符的,取而代之的是英文and和or if m !=-1 or n!=-1 : print('匹配上') f = open("words_href.txt", "a+", encoding='utf-8') f.write(title+':'+url2+'\t') else: print('未匹配') def climing(line): for i in range(0, 100): print("***********************************") print(i) page = i + 1 url = "https://news.cnblogs.com/n/page/" + str(page) r = requests.get(url) html = r.content.decode("utf-8") #print("Status code:", r.status_code) #print(html) html1 = etree.HTML(html) href = html1.xpath('//h2[@class="news_entry"]/a/@href') title = html1.xpath('//h2[@class="news_entry"]/a/text()') #print(href) #print(title) for a in range(0,18): getDetail(href[a],title[a],line) if __name__ == '__main__': #文件读取,读取到热词 for line in open("words.txt", encoding='utf-8'): f = open("words_href.txt", "a+", encoding='utf-8') climing(line) f.write('\n')
由于爬取时间过长,先展示部分数据。运行结果截图: