10 信息化领域热词分类分析及解释 第四步热词引用 :爬取跟热词相关的文章链接

功能要求为:1,数据采集,定期从网络中爬取信息领域的相关热词

      2,数据清洗:对热词信息进行数据清洗,并采用自动分类技术生成自动分类计数生成信息领域热词目录。

      3,热词解释:针对每个热词名词自动添加中文解释(参照百度百科或维基百科)

      4,热词引用:并对近期引用热词的文章或新闻进行标记,生成超链接目录,用户可以点击访问;

      5,数据可视化展示:① 用字符云或热词图进行可视化展示;② 用关系图标识热词之间的紧密程度。
      6,数据报告:可将所有热词目录和名词解释生成 WORD 版报告形式导出。

本次完成第四部的部分功能部分,由于还没写界面,所以只是获得超链接。

思路:遍历热词文件,得到热词,再循环爬取新闻的标题和内容,与热词一一对应,如果可以对应上,就添加到文件中,文件中每行是包含所有和热词相关的文章标题和超链接。

代码如下:

import requests
from lxml import etree
import re

def getDetail(href, title,line):
    line1 = line.replace('\n', '')
    #print(title)
    head = {
        'cookie': '_ga=GA1.2.617656226.1563849568; __gads=ID=c19014f666d039b5:T=1563849576:S=ALNI_MZBAhutXhG60zo7dVhXyhwkfl_XzQ; UM_distinctid=16cacb45b0c180-0745b471080efa-7373e61-144000-16cacb45b0d6de; __utmz=226521935.1571044157.1.1.utmcsr=baidu|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic; __utma=226521935.617656226.1563849568.1571044157.1571044156.1; SyntaxHighlighter=python; .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies=CfDJ8Nf-Z6tqUPlNrwu2nvfTJEgfH-Wr7LrYHIrX6zFY2UqlCesxMAsEz9JpAIbaPlpJgugnPrXvs5KuTOPnzbk1pa_VZIVlfx1x5ufN55Z8sb63ACHlNKd4JMqI93TE2ONBD5KSWd-ryP2Tq1WfI9e_uTiJIIO9vlm54pfLY0fIReGGtqJkQ5E90ahfHtJeDTgM1RHXRieqriLUIXRciu-3QYwk8x5vLZfJIEUMO5g_seeG6G6FW2kbd6Uw3BfRkkIi-g2O_LSlBqj0DdbJFlNmd-TnPmckz5AENnX9f3SPVVhfmg7zINi4G2SSUcYWSvtVqdUtQ8o9vbBKosXoFOTUNH17VXX_IX8V0ODbs8qQfCkPFaDjS8RWSRkW9KDPOmXyqrtHvRXgGRydee52XJ1N8V-Mu0atT0zMwqzblDj2PDahV1R0Y7nBvzIy8uit15vGtR_r0gRFmFSt3ftTkk63zZixWgK7uZ5BsCMZJdhqpMSgLkDETjau0Qe1vqtLvDGOuBZBkznlzmTa-oZ7D6LrDhHJubRpCICUGRb5SB6WcbaxwOqE1um40OSyila-PgwySA; .CNBlogsCookie=9F86E25644BC936FAE04158D0531CF8F01D604657A302F62BA92F3EB0D7BE317FDE7525EFE154787036095256D48863066CB19BB91ADDA7932BCC3A2B13F6F098FC62FDA781E0FBDC55280B73670A89AE57E1CA5E1269FC05B8FFA0DD6048B0363AF0F08; _gid=GA1.2.1435993629.1581088378; __utmc=66375729; __utmz=66375729.1581151594.2.2.utmcsr=cnblogs.com|utmccn=(referral)|utmcmd=referral|utmcct=/; __utma=66375729.617656226.1563849568.1581151593.1581161200.3; __utmb=66375729.6.10.1581161200'
    }
    url2 = "https://news.cnblogs.com" + href
    r2 = requests.get(url2, headers=head)
    html = r2.content.decode("utf-8")
    html1 = etree.HTML(html)
    content1 = html1.xpath('//div[@id="news_body"]')
    #print('line:'+line)
    if len(content1)==0:
        print("异常")
    else:
        content2 =content1[0].xpath('string(.)')
        #print(content2)
        content = content2.replace('\r', '').replace('\t', '').replace('\n', '').replace(' ','')
        #print(title)
        #print(content)
        #print(line)
        m = content.find(line1)
        n = title.find(line1)
        # print(line1)
        # print(m)
        # print(n)
        #python中是没有&&及||这两个运算符的,取而代之的是英文and和or
        if m !=-1 or n!=-1 :
            print('匹配上')
            f = open("words_href.txt", "a+", encoding='utf-8')
            f.write(title+':'+url2+'\t')
        else:
            print('未匹配')

def climing(line):
    for i in range(0, 100):
        print("***********************************")
        print(i)
        page = i + 1
        url = "https://news.cnblogs.com/n/page/" + str(page)
        r = requests.get(url)
        html = r.content.decode("utf-8")
        #print("Status code:", r.status_code)
        #print(html)
        html1 = etree.HTML(html)
        href = html1.xpath('//h2[@class="news_entry"]/a/@href')
        title = html1.xpath('//h2[@class="news_entry"]/a/text()')
        #print(href)
        #print(title)
        for a in range(0,18):
            getDetail(href[a],title[a],line)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    #文件读取,读取到热词
    for line in open("words.txt", encoding='utf-8'):
        f = open("words_href.txt", "a+", encoding='utf-8')
        climing(line)
        f.write('\n')

  

由于爬取时间过长,先展示部分数据。运行结果截图:

 

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