android如何请求网络获取JSON数据

这两天一直想学习android网络请求方面的知识,于是仔细看了《第一行代码》有关于网络请求这一章,主要看了如何网络请求获取JSON数据,想把自己的心得记录下来。
首先,我上网选取了一个接口(url),这个接口要好,否则连不上就容易报错啦!
其次,用法详见《第一行代码》使用Http协议访问网络这一节,由于我用的是android studio
android sdk 23,不支持书中的HttpClient这个类进行访问(如果实在想用这个类的话,需要额外的导入相应的包),那么就用HttpURLConnection这个类进行访问,具体流程如下:

  1. URL url = new URL("http://api.androidhive.info/contacts/");
    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    2.设置访问网络的方式:“POST”和“GET”两种,这里采取GET方式,
    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
  2. connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);
    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
    这一步是设置访问连接或者读取超时;
  3. 用输入流获取服务器端返回的数据信息,
    InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
    备注:1.既然是网络请求,不免会受到网络影响;
    2.关于StringBuilder与String 的区别:
    String 定义为不可变字符串,StringBuilder定义为可变字符串,可以实现字符串的拼接,如:
    StringBuilder sb=StringBuilder();
    sb.append("aa");
    sb.append("bb");
    System.out.println(sb);
    此时sb为 aabb;
    放上代码:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    
public static final int SHOW_RESPONSE = 0;    
private Button sendRequest;   
 private TextView responseText;    
JSONArray contacts = null;   
 private Handler handler = new Handler() {       
 public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            
switch (msg.what) {               
 case SHOW_RESPONSE:                   
 String response = (String) msg.obj;          // 在这里进行UI操作,将结果显示到界面上                    
responseText.setText(response);            
}       
 }    
};    
@Override   
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);      
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    
    sendRequest = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_request);       
 responseText = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response_text);        sendRequest.setOnClickListener(this);    
}  
  @Override   
 public void onClick(View v) {      
  if (v.getId() == R.id.send_request) {          
  sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection();      
  }   
 }    
private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection() {        // 开启线程来发起网络请求        new Thread(new Runnable() {            
@Override            
public void run() {              
  HttpURLConnection connection = null;             
   try {                   
 URL url = new URL("http://api.androidhive.info/contacts/");                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();                    connection.setRequestMethod("GET");                    connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);                    connection.setReadTimeout(8000);                   
 connection.setDoInput(true);                    
connection.setDoOutput(true);                  
  InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();                    // 下面对获取到的输入流进行读取                    
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(in));                    StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();                   
 String line;                   
 while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {                     
   response.append(line);                  
  }                   
 Message message = new Message();                   
 message.what = SHOW_RESPONSE;                    // 将服务器返回的结果存放到Message中                 
   message.obj = response.toString();                
    handler.sendMessage(message);               
     parseJSON(response.toString());          
      } catch (Exception e) {                   
 e.printStackTrace();               
 } finally {                   
 if (connection != null) {             
           connection.disconnect();        
            }             
   }            
}        
}).start();   
 }    
private void parseJSON(String jsonData) {   
     try {          

  JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(jsonData);   
         // Getting JSON Array node          
  contacts = jsonObj.getJSONArray("contacts");     
       for (int i=0;i

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