十五步:Linux下安装Mysql5.7

最近服务器上原有的mysql突然抽风启不来,找了半天也没发现所以然,索性卸载了重新安装,以下是安装过程记录,以备后续需要...



一、准备工作

linux系统版本: CentOS 7.3 64位

安装源文件版本:mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mysql安装位置:/software/mysql

数据库文件数据位置:/data/mysql

注:未防止混淆,这里都用绝对路径执行命令 除了文件内容中的#,这里所有带#都是linux命令

二、安装步骤

(一)、在根目录下创建文件夹software和数据库数据文件/data/mysql

# mkdir /software/

# mkdir /data/mysql

(二)、上传mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz文件到/software下(我用的是SecureCR,手动上传)

# cd /software/

# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

(三)、更改解压缩后的文件夹名称

#  mv /software/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /software/mysql

(四)、创建mysql用户组及用户

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

(五)、关联mysql用户到用户组

# chown -R mysql:mysql /software/mysql/

# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

# chown -R mysql /software/mysql/

# chown -R mysql /data/mysql

(六)、更改mysql安装文件夹mysql/的权限

# chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/

(七)、安装libaio依赖包

查询是否暗转libaio依赖包    # yum search libaio

如果没安装,可以用下面命令安装   # yum install libaio

(八)、初始化mysql

 # cd /software/mysql/bin

# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize

在执行上面命令时特别要注意一行内容

[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o*s#gqh)F4Ck

root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码,各人安装生成的临时密码不一样 如果初始化时报错如下:

 error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared objec

 是因为libnuma安装的是32位,我们这里需要64位的

执行下面语句就可以解决 #yum install numactl.x86_64 执行完后重新初始化mysql命令

(九)、启动mysql服务

 sh /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start 

上面启动mysql服务命令是会报错的,因为没有修改mysql的配置文件,报错内容大致如下:

 ./support-files/mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found

 ./support-files/mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory

 Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn’t find MySQL server(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

(十)、修改mysql.server文件

 #vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

修改前

十五步:Linux下安装Mysql5.7_第1张图片

修改后

十五步:Linux下安装Mysql5.7_第2张图片

保存退出

 # cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

(十一)、修改my.cnf文件(这个是mysql的核心配置文件)

[client]

no-beep socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock

pipe

socket=0.0

port=3306

 [mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

 [mysqld]

basedir=/software/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

port=3306

pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid

#skip-grant-tables

 skip-name-resolve

socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock

character-set-server=utf8

default-storage-engine=INNODB

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

Server Id. server-id=1 max_connections=2000

query_cache_size=0

table_open_cache=2000

tmp_table_size=246M

thread_cache_size=300 #限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用 thread_stack = 192k

key_buffer_size=512M

read_buffer_size=4M

read_rnd_buffer_size=32M

innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0

innodb_log_buffer_size=16M

innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M

innodb_log_file_size=128M

innodb_thread_concurrency=128

innodb_autoextend_increment=1000

innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8

innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000

innodb_old_blocks_time=1000

innodb_open_files=300

innodb_stats_on_metadata=0

innodb_file_per_table=1

innodb_checksum_algorithm=0

back_log=80

flush_time=0

join_buffer_size=128M

max_allowed_packet=1024M

max_connect_errors=2000

open_files_limit=4161

query_cache_type=0

sort_buffer_size=32M

table_definition_cache=1400

binlog_row_event_max_size=8K

sync_master_info=10000

sync_relay_log=10000

sync_relay_log_info=10000 #批量插入数据缓存大小,可以有效提高插入效率,默认为8M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

interactive_timeout = 120

wait_timeout = 120 log-bin-trust-function-creators=1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

include all files from the config directory

 !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

保存退出

(十二)、启动mysql

# /etc/init.d/mysqld start 

新版本的安装包会报错,错误内容如下:

Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/data/mysql/SZY.err’.

2018-07-02T10:09:03.779928Z mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld

does not exist or is not executable.

Please cd to the mysql installation directory and restart this script from there as follows: ./bin/mysqld_safe&

 See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/mysqld-safe.html for more information

 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/software/mysql/mysqld.pid).

因为新版本的mysql安全启动安装包只认/usr/local/mysql这个路径。

解决办法:

方法1、建立软连接

例 # cd /usr/local/mysql #ln -s /sofware/mysql/bin/myslqd mysqld

方法2、修改mysqld_safe文件(有强迫症的同学建议这种,我用的这种) vim /software/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 将所有的/usr/local/mysql改为/software/mysql 保存退出。(可以将这个文件拷出来再修改然后替换)

(十三)、登陆mysql

# /software/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p

输入密码,这里的密码就是第8条root@localhost:后面的内容

(十四)、修改mysql的登陆密码

mysql set password=password(‘root’);

 mysql grant all privileges on . to root@’%’ identified by ‘root’;

mysql flush privileges;

(十五)、完成,后续可以用root登陆mysql,密码已设置成root

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