远程控制：paramiko模块：命令控制文件传输

1.介绍

paramiko是一个用于做远程控制的模块，使用该模块可以对远程服务器进行命令或文件操作，值得一说的是，fabric和ansible内部的远程管理就是使用的paramiko来现实。

2、下载安装

pip3 install paramiko #在python3中

3、使用

sshclient
用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令
基于用户名密码连接：

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='120.92.84.249', port=22, username='root', password='xxx')

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
print(result.decode('utf-8'))
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

SSHClient 封装 Transport

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('120.92.84.249', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', password='xxx')

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
res=stdout.read()
print(res.decode('utf-8'))

transport.close()

基于公钥密钥连接：

客户端文件名：id_rsa

服务端必须有文件名：authorized_keys（在用ssh-keygen时，必须制作一个zuthorized_keys，可以用ssh-copy-id来制作）

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/tmp/id_rsa')

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='120.92.84.249', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
print(result.decode('utf-8'))
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

SSHClient 封装 Transport

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/tmp/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('120.92.84.249', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
result=stdout.read()
print(result.decode('utf-8'))

transport.close()

基于私钥字符串进行连接

import paramiko
from io import StringIO

key_str = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEoQIBAAKCAQEAsJmFLrSeCumJvga0Gl5O5wVOVwMIy2MpqIyQPi5J87dg89a4
Da9fczJog7qoSbRwHFOQoCHNphSlp5KPhGsF6RJewkIw9H1UKV4dCOyl/4HOAkAD
rKrsEDmrJ9JlzF2GTTZSnTgVQWcvBS2RKB4eM2R9aJ11xV6X2Hk4YDLTExIWeabb
h2TUKw0iyjI8pRuYLKkF2X16u9TBwfOTroGYgiNFHQvhsQppbEbI49NF2XkCkFMi
8/7tLjf95InE/VUUq56JqfzyHwdpHou+waXbwtvGgXN3sz+KkuEv6R2qDz06upZV
FCZRRpDhzoR8Uh/UEzTGZb8z7FB6EJXUiXJikQIBIwKCAQBBmBuGYFf1bK+BGG7H
9ySe81ecqVsJtx4aCFLVRGScWg4RbQKIvXs5an6XU/VdNGQnx0RYvBkvDvuzRRC8
J8Bd4kB0CfTtGJuaVigKoQp02HEWx1HSa17+tlWD0c4KFBvwywi+DYQ83S64x8gz
eOalX9bPFenqORPUD8R7gJeKvPVc6ZTPeorpuH7u9xayP0Eop8qKxZza9Xh3foVj
Qo4IxoYnDN57CIRX5PFSlDDggpmr8FtRF4nAxmFq8LhSp05ivzX/Ku1SNHdaMWZO
7va8tISXdLI5m0EGzoVoBvohIbwlxI6kfmamrh6Eas2Jnsc4CLzMsR4jBWt0LHLv
/SLnAoGBANaEUf/Jptab9G/xD9W2tw/636i3gLpTPY9KPtCcAxqStNeT6RAWZ5HF
lKJg+NKpu3pI45ldAwvts0i+aCZk2xakEWIZWqCmXm31JSPDQTaMGe7H0vOmUaxx
ncdpBVdvhMbfFUgei15iKfuafgrKaS9oIkntXEgrC+3wBOI0Gbx3AoGBANLAGxAF
TK7ydr+Q1+6/ujs6e8WsXt8HZMa/1khCVSbrf1MgACvZPSSSrDpVwaDTSjlRI4AL
bb0l0RFU+/0caMiHilscuJdz9Fdd9Ux4pjROZa3TF5CFhvP7PsZAoxOo+yqJg4zr
996GG/aAv4M8lQJ2rDFk/Dgn5y/AaAun1oM3AoGAGIQmoOPYjY4qkHNSRE9lYOl4
pZFQilKn8x5tlC8WTC4GCgJGhX7nQ9wQ/J1eQ/YkDfmznH+ok6YjHkGlgLsRuXHW
GdcDCwuzBUCWh76LHC1EytUCKnloa3qy8jfjWnMlHgrd3FtDILrC+C7p1Vj2FAvm
qVz0moiTpioPL8twp9MCgYEAin49q3EyZFYwxwdpU7/SJuvq750oZq0WVriUINsi
A6IR14oOvbqkhb94fhsY12ZGt/N9uosq22H+anms6CicoQicv4fnBHDFI3hCHE9I
pgeh50GTJHUA6Xk34V2s/kp5KpThazv6qCw+QubkQExh660SEdSlvoCfPKMCi1EJ
TukCgYAZKY1NZ2bjJyyO/dfNvMQ+etUL/9esi+40GUGyJ7SZcazrN9z+DO0yL39g
7FT9NMIc2dsmNJQMaGBCDl0AjO1O3b/wqlrNvNBGkanxn2Htn5ajfo+LBU7yHAcV
7w4X5HLarXiE1mj0LXFKJhdvFqU53KUQJXBqR6lsMqzsdPwLMJg==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key_str))
transport = paramiko.Transport(('120.92.84.249', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
result = stdout.read()
print(result.decode('utf-8'))
transport.close()

print(result)

sftpclient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

基于用户名密码上传下载

import paramiko
 
transport = paramiko.Transport(('120.92.84.249',22))
transport.connect(username='root',password='xxx')
 
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/id_rsa', '/etc/test.rsa')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')
 
transport.close()

基于公钥密钥上传下载

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/tmp/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('120.92.84.249', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key )

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/id_rsa', '/tmp/a.txt')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

demo

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/tmp/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('120.92.84.249', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key )

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
sftp.put('/tmp/id_rsa', '/tmp/a.txt')
# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()