目标
紧接着《Ubuntu16手动安装OpenStack——nova篇》，本文我们来安装neutron，主要参考Networking service、Install and configure for Ubuntu和OpenStack Queens : Configure Neutron。
neutron简介
OpenStack Networking（neutron）允许用户创建和连接接口设备，这些设备由其他OpenStack服务管理并连入网络。可以实现插件以适应不同的网络设备和软件，为OpenStack架构和部署提供灵活性。
它包括以下组件：
neutron-server
接受API请求，并将请求通过路由找到适当的OpenStack Networking插件以进行操作。
OpenStack Networking plug-ins and agents
插拔端口，创建网络或子网，并提供IP寻址。这些插件和代理程序因特定云中使用的供应商和技术而异。OpenStack Networking附带了很多插件和代理，可以用于思科虚拟和物理交换机，NEC OpenFlow产品，Open vSwitch，Linux桥接和VMware NSX产品。
公共代理是L3（第3层），DHCP（动态主机IP寻址）和插件代理。
Messaging queue
大多数OpenStack Networking安装使用messaging queue，在neutron-server和各种代理之间传递信息。还用于存储特定插件的网络状态，算是一个数据库。
OpenStack Networking主要与OpenStack Compute交互，为其实例提供网络和连接。
更多信息请参考Networking (neutron) concepts。
主机网络
在每个节点上安装操作系统后，必须配置网络接口。官方建议禁用任何自动网络管理工具，并手动编辑配置文件。有关如何配置网络的详细信息，请参阅文档。
出于管理目的，所有节点都需要Internet访问，例如程序包安装，安全更新，域名系统（DNS）和网络时间协议（NTP）。在大多数情况下，节点应通过管理网络接口获得Internet访问。为了突出网络分离的重要性，示例体系结构使用专用地址空间用于管理网络，并假设物理网络基础结构通过网络地址转换（NAT）或其他方法提供Internet访问。
在provider网络架构中，所有实例都直接连接到provider网络。在私网体系结构中，实例可以连接到一个私网或多个私网。私网可以完全属于OpenStack，不接入外网；也可以通过provider网络接入外部网络。
控制节点
root用户
为了避免权限问题，建议切换到root用户进行操作（否则要加很多sudo）。
sudo -i
数据库
1、登录数据库
mysql -uroot -p，密码为openstack。
2、创建neutron数据库
CREATE DATABASE neutron;
3、授权
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'openstack';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'openstack';
4、退出数据库
exit;
证书和端点
1、使admin环境生效
. admin-openrc
2、创建neutron用户
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
根据提示设置密码为openstack。
3、添加admin角色给neutron用户
openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
4、创建neutron服务实体
openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network
5、创建网络服务端点
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696
安装配置
1、安装相关组件
apt-get -y install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 neutron-plugin-linuxbridge-agent neutron-l3-agent neutron-dhcp-agent neutron-metadata-agent python-neutronclient
2、备份neutron.conf
mv /etc/neutron/neutron.conf /etc/neutron/neutron.conf.bak
3、vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf，新建neutron.conf内容为：
[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
auth_strategy = keystone
state_path = /var/lib/neutron
dhcp_agent_notification = True
allow_overlapping_ips = True
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = True
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = True
# RabbitMQ connection info
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
[agent]
root_helper = sudo /usr/bin/neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf
# Keystone auth info
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = openstack
# MariaDB connection info
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:openstack@controller/neutron
# Nova connection info
[nova]
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = openstack
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = $state_path/tmp
4、更改权限
chmod 640 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
chgrp neutron /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
5、vi /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini，如下修改：
# line 17: add
interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.BridgeInterfaceDriver
6、vi /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini，如下修改：
# line 17: add
interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.BridgeInterfaceDriver
# line 28: uncomment
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
# line 37: uncomment and change
enable_isolated_metadata = true
7、vi /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini，如下修改：
# line 22: uncomment and specify Nova API server
nova_metadata_host = controller
# line 34: uncomment and specify any secret key you like
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = openstack
# line 260: uncomment and specify Memcache Server
memcache_servers = controller:11211
8、vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini，如下修改：
# line 129: add ( it's OK with no value for "tenant_network_types" (set later if need) )
[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security
# line 262: uncomment and add
enable_security_group = True
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
# end line: uncomment
enable_ipset = True
9、vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini，如下修改：
# line 235: add own IP address
local_ip = 192.168.56.110
10、vi /etc/nova/nova.conf，如下修改：
# add follows into [DEFAULT] section
use_neutron = True
linuxnet_interface_driver = nova.network.linux_net.LinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
vif_plugging_is_fatal = True
vif_plugging_timeout = 300
# add follows to the end : Neutron auth info
# the value of metadata_proxy_shared_secret is the same with the one in metadata_agent.ini
[neutron]
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = openstack
service_metadata_proxy = True
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = openstack
完成安装
1、创建链接
ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
2、生成数据库表结构
su -s /bin/bash neutron -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf --config-file /etc/neutron/plugin.ini upgrade head"
3、重启网络服务并设置开机启动
for service in server l3-agent dhcp-agent metadata-agent linuxbridge-agent; do
systemctl restart neutron-$service
systemctl enable neutron-$service
done
4、重启nova
systemctl restart nova-api nova-compute
5、查看网络agent
openstack network agent list
如上图，看到4个agent，都在controller节点上。
计算节点
主要参考OpenStack Queens : Configure Neutron。
root用户
为了避免权限问题，建议切换到root用户进行操作（否则要加很多sudo）。
sudo -i
安装配置
1、安装组件
apt-get -y install neutron-common neutron-plugin-ml2 neutron-plugin-linuxbridge-agent
2、备份neutron.conf
mv /etc/neutron/neutron.conf /etc/neutron/neutron.conf.bak
3、vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf，新建neutron.conf如下：
[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
auth_strategy = keystone
state_path = /var/lib/neutron
allow_overlapping_ips = True
# RabbitMQ connection info
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:openstack@controller
[agent]
root_helper = sudo /usr/bin/neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf
# Keystone auth info
[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = openstack
[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = $state_path/lock
4、修改权限
chmod 640 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
chgrp neutron /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
5、vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini，如下修改：
# line 129: add ( it's OK with no value for "tenant_network_types" (set later if need) )
[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security
# line 262: uncomment and add
enable_security_group = True
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
# end line: uncomment
enable_ipset = True
6、vi /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini，如下修改：
# line 235: add own Ip address
local_ip = 192.168.56.111
7、vi /etc/nova/nova.conf，如下修改：
# add follows into [DEFAULT] section
use_neutron = True
linuxnet_interface_driver = nova.network.linux_net.LinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
vif_plugging_is_fatal = True
vif_plugging_timeout = 300
# add follows to the end: Neutron auth info
# the value of metadata_proxy_shared_secret is the same with the one in metadata_agent.ini
[neutron]
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = openstack
service_metadata_proxy = True
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = openstack
8、创建链接
ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
9、重启网络服务
systemctl restart nova-compute neutron-linuxbridge-agent
10、设置开启自启动
systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent
验证操作
在控制节点执行以下命令。
1、使admin环境生效
. admin-openrc
2、查看agents
openstack network agent list
如上图，此时就能看到5个agent，其中4个在controller节点，1个在compute节点。