nhibernate配置教程
前几天在看petshop4的pdf详解文档，作者说如果这个架构再加上orm，那就prefect了，当时就对orm很感兴趣了，就上网找了点资料了解下，准备对nhibernate入门了。
经过2天的闷头奋战，终于入门了，累啊，发现查了网上很多资料都不是很详细入门教程，怎么都调试不过去，不过后来还是给我瞎搞八搞给弄出来了，赶紧记下来。
1．为系统引入NHibernate的库，并且配置NHibernate；
2．新建一个将要持久化.Net对象的表；
3．构建一个需要被持久化的.Net类；
4．构建一个可以让NHibernate知道如何完成ORM映射的XML文件；
5．使用NHibernate的API来编程
我下载的nhibernate(http://www.nhibernate.org/)版本是2.0.1的，使用的配置是: sqlser2000+nhibernate2.1.0+vs2008
一、新建一个web项目，命名为Webapplication1,然后把下载的nhibernate添加到项目中(Castle.Core.dll,Castle.DynamicProxy2.dll,Iesi.Collections.dll,log4net.dll,NHibernate.dll)
二、在数据库里面新建一个数据库NHibernateSample，新建一张表Student
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CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student] (
[StudentId] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[StudentName] [nvarchar] (40) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,
[StudentPassword] [nvarchar] (20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,
[EmailAddress] [nvarchar] (40) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,
[DateCreated] [datetime] NULL
)
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student] (
[StudentId] [int] IDENTITY (1, 1) NOT NULL ,
[StudentName] [nvarchar] (40) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,
[StudentPassword] [nvarchar] (20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,
[EmailAddress] [nvarchar] (40) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL ,
[DateCreated] [datetime] NULL
)
三、新建一个持久化类Student.cs文件，
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public class Student
{
public Student() { }
private int studentId;
private string studentName;
private string studentPassword;
private string emailAddress;
private DateTime dateCreated;
private ISet courses = new HashedSet();
public virtual int StudentId
{
get { return studentId; }
set { studentId = value; }
}
public virtual string StudentName
{
get { return studentName; }
set { studentName = value; }
}
public virtual string StudentPassword
{
get { return studentPassword; }
set { studentPassword = value; }
}
public virtual string EmailAddress
{
get { return emailAddress; }
set { emailAddress = value; }
}
public virtual DateTime DateCreated
{
get { return dateCreated; }
set { dateCreated = value; }
}
public virtual ISet Courses
{
get { return courses; }
set { courses = value; }
}
}
public class Student
{
public Student() { }
private int studentId;
private string studentName;
private string studentPassword;
private string emailAddress;
private DateTime dateCreated;
private ISet courses = new HashedSet();
public virtual int StudentId
{
get { return studentId; }
set { studentId = value; }
}
public virtual string StudentName
{
get { return studentName; }
set { studentName = value; }
}
public virtual string StudentPassword
{
get { return studentPassword; }
set { studentPassword = value; }
}
public virtual string EmailAddress
{
get { return emailAddress; }
set { emailAddress = value; }
}
public virtual DateTime DateCreated
{
get { return dateCreated; }
set { dateCreated = value; }
}
public virtual ISet Courses
{
get { return courses; }
set { courses = value; }
}
}
virtual方法是要加上去的，不然会报错：The following types may not be used as proxies
然后再新建一个Student.hbm.xml映射文件，这个映射文件也可以用软件自动生成，这样就不用自己编写了。
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2">
<class name="WebApplication1.Student, WebApplication1" table="Student">
<id name="StudentId" column="StudentId" type="Int32">
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="StudentName" column= "StudentName" type="string" length="40"/>
<property name="StudentPassword" type="string" length="20"/>
<property name="EmailAddress" type="String" length="40"/>
<property name="DateCreated" type="DateTime" length="8"/>
<set name="Courses" table="StudentCourse" inverse="false">
<key column="StudentID"/>
<many-to-many column="CourseID" class=" WebApplication1.Course, WebApplication1 "/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2">
<class name="WebApplication1.Student, WebApplication1" table="Student">
<id name="StudentId" column="StudentId" type="Int32">
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="StudentName" column= "StudentName" type="string" length="40"/>
<property name="StudentPassword" type="string" length="20"/>
<property name="EmailAddress" type="String" length="40"/>
<property name="DateCreated" type="DateTime" length="8"/>
<set name="Courses" table="StudentCourse" inverse="false">
<key column="StudentID"/>
<many-to-many column="CourseID" class=" WebApplication1.Course, WebApplication1 "/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<class name="WebApplication1.Student, WebApplication1" table="Student">
这个不要搞错，根据自己的项目程序集命名
这个xml文件建好之后还要把它设为嵌入的资源，不然会报错：in expected: <end-of-text>
设置方法：右击文件-属性-生成操作选项里面改成‘嵌入的资源’
四、创建一个配置文件，这个配置文件一共有3种写法
1：在web.config,App.config里面配置
则需要这样实例化Configuration对象。
NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration cfg = new NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration();
这种配置方法将会到应用程序配置文件（App.Config,Web.Config）中查找NHibernate的配置信息
2：hibernate.cfg.xml
建立名为hibernate.cfg.xml的文件。实例化Configuration config = new Configuration().Configure();这样NHibernate将会在目录下自动寻找hibernate.cfg.xml的配置文件。文件创建在bin文件夹下面
hibernate.cfg.xml的格式
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2" >
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.driver_class">NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver</property>
<property name="connection.connection_string">
Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=NHibernateSample;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=11
</property>
<property name="adonet.batch_size">10</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect</property>
<property name="use_outer_join">true</property>
<property name="command_timeout">10</property>
<property name="query.substitutions">true 1, false 0, yes 'Y', no 'N'</property>
<mapping assembly="WebApplication1"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2" >
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.driver_class">NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver</property>
<property name="connection.connection_string">
Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=NHibernateSample;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=11
</property>
<property name="adonet.batch_size">10</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2000Dialect</property>
<property name="use_outer_join">true</property>
<property name="command_timeout">10</property>
<property name="query.substitutions">true 1, false 0, yes 'Y', no 'N'</property>
<mapping assembly="WebApplication1"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
注意更改数据库名称和密码
3：直接用程序指明配置信息，比较繁琐，不提倡
我采用的是第二种方法，直接在bin文件夹下面创建hibernate.cfg.xml文件。
五、开始用nhibernate来进行操作数据库了，新建Dal.cs类，
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public class Dal
{
public void testData()
{
NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration mCfg = new NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration().Configure();
NHibernate.ISessionFactory SessionFactory = null;
SessionFactory = mCfg.BuildSessionFactory();
ISession vSession = SessionFactory.OpenSession();
#region 查询
string hsql = "from Student where StudentName='kexd'";
IQuery query = vSession.CreateQuery(hsql);
//this.dataGridView1.DataSource = query.List<Person>();
IList<Student> list = query.List<Student>();
if (list.Count > 0)
{
Student obj = (Student)list[0];
//.....
}
#endregion
#region 插入
/*
Student stu = new Student();
stu.StudentName = "test22";
stu.StudentPassword = "test22";
stu.EmailAddress = "[email protected]";
stu.DateCreated = DateTime.Now;
ITransaction vTransaction = vSession.BeginTransaction();
try
{
vSession.Save(stu);
vTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
vTransaction.Rollback();
}
vSession.Close();
*/
#endregion
#region 更新
/*
IQuery query = vSession.CreateQuery("from Student where StudentName='kexd'");
IList<Student> list = query.List<Student>();
ITransaction vTransaction = vSession.BeginTransaction();
try
{
foreach (Student stu in list)
{
stu.EmailAddress = "[email protected]";
vSession.Save(stu);
}
vTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
vTransaction.Rollback();
}
finally
{
vSession.Close();
}
*/
#endregion
#region 删除
/*
IQuery query = vSession.CreateQuery("from Student where StudentName='ffer'");
IList<Student> list = query.List<Student>();
ITransaction vTransaction = vSession.BeginTransaction();
try
{
foreach (Student stu in list)
{
vSession.Delete(stu);
}
vTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
vTransaction.Rollback();
}
finally
{
vSession.Close();
}
*/
#endregion
}
}
public class Dal
{
public void testData()
{
NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration mCfg = new NHibernate.Cfg.Configuration().Configure();
NHibernate.ISessionFactory SessionFactory = null;
SessionFactory = mCfg.BuildSessionFactory();
ISession vSession = SessionFactory.OpenSession();
#region 查询
string hsql = "from Student where StudentName='kexd'";
IQuery query = vSession.CreateQuery(hsql);
//this.dataGridView1.DataSource = query.List<Person>();
IList<Student> list = query.List<Student>();
if (list.Count > 0)
{
Student obj = (Student)list[0];
//.....
}
#endregion
#region 插入
/*
Student stu = new Student();
stu.StudentName = "test22";
stu.StudentPassword = "test22";
stu.EmailAddress = "[email protected]";
stu.DateCreated = DateTime.Now;
ITransaction vTransaction = vSession.BeginTransaction();
try
{
vSession.Save(stu);
vTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
vTransaction.Rollback();
}
vSession.Close();
*/
#endregion
#region 更新
/*
IQuery query = vSession.CreateQuery("from Student where StudentName='kexd'");
IList<Student> list = query.List<Student>();
ITransaction vTransaction = vSession.BeginTransaction();
try
{
foreach (Student stu in list)
{
stu.EmailAddress = "[email protected]";
vSession.Save(stu);
}
vTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
vTransaction.Rollback();
}
finally
{
vSession.Close();
}
*/
#endregion
#region 删除
/*
IQuery query = vSession.CreateQuery("from Student where StudentName='ffer'");
IList<Student> list = query.List<Student>();
ITransaction vTransaction = vSession.BeginTransaction();
try
{
foreach (Student stu in list)
{
vSession.Delete(stu);
}
vTransaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
vTransaction.Rollback();
}
finally
{
vSession.Close();
}
*/
#endregion
}
}
引入2个类库
using NHibernate;
using System.Collections.Generic;
OK,查询，更新，插入，删除操作都有了，要用哪个去掉注释就行了，现在就可以在default.aspx，里面调用testData()方法测试了
本文来自CSDN博客，转载请标明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/msw120/archive/2009/09/21/4576707.aspx