【语法】语法俱乐部_10_介词

概述

介词的用法比较接近单词和短语,需要通过大量阅读,形成感觉来进行判断。

几种介词

  1. 介词短语
    有介词和名称短语构成,通常用作修饰语,修饰名词、形容词和动词等,一般出现在修饰对象后,例如:
    Cherries are 'in season' now.
    Eggs are sold 'by the dozen'.
    The box is 'full of chocolates'.

  2. 空间介词

  • 空间介词可以从“点”、“线”、“面”、“体”的角度进行分析。
  • 点:at,地点、时间点等概念,例如:
    Let's meet at the railway station.
  • 线:on/along,沿线、线路等概念,例如:
    We can go over the project on our way to Gaoxiong.
    We may go walking through the windy park, or drive along the beach.
  • 面:on,在物体表面,例如:
    Several boats can be seen on the lake.
  • 体:in,在物体或者事物的空间内部,例如:
    It's cool in the railway station, because they have air-condition there.
    Mrs Johnson's old cat likes to sit in the sun.
  1. 时间介词
  • at,时间点,通常是精确的时间,时分秒等,例如:
    The earthquake struck at 5:00AM.

  • in,在一段长的时间区间内,例如:
    Typhoons seldom come in winter.

  • on,特定讴歌日期,例如:
    There will be a concert on New Year's Day.

介词辨析

  1. on one's way/in one's way
  • 从on/to的角度进行区分,on通常指行程,in有进入别人空间的含义
  1. arrive in/arrive at
  • in强调在空间内部,at强调是一个点
  1. made of/made from
  • of表示由...直接构成,而from有来自于,出自于的含义,表示并不是直接构成
  1. throw to/throw at
  • to表示朝向性,at表示出点的含义,具有瞄准的意味
  1. from...to/from...through
  • to是一种大概的说法,给出比较宽泛的起止时间,而through有穿过的含义,表示从头到尾的意思。
  1. below/under | above/over
  • under和over表示在某个固定点的下方或者上方,有个固定标准,而below和above没有具体比较,只是表达出比其他低或者高出的含义

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