写作常用词汇养成(第1篇)

Introduction

国内中学毕业汉语常用汉字大概3,000-5,000,而美国中学毕业英语常用词汇量大概11,000-13,000,这多出来的2到3倍的词汇量到底多在哪里?
从涉猎学科和知识来说,中美两国差别不大,不太可能是多出来2-3倍的新词汇。既然是旧词,那就只有一种可能:同义词扩展。
这么多的同义词决定了写作的特点:英语写作中要漂亮的使用同义词替换。

作者语:
汉语的特点之一是模糊性,说话总是有很多的回旋余地,在诗歌中尤为突出。比如李白的一首贺寿诗,大起大落,却总能险象环生。
”这个婆娘不是人,九天仙女下凡尘。儿孙个个都是贼,偷得璠桃献至亲。”
相比之下,英语特点是细腻,一个称赞词可以有数十个同义词,用于不同场景表达不同程度的称赞,比如: awesome, outstanding, spectacular, good, fantastic。

获得

这篇文章,和大家一起探讨写作中的一个常用词“获得”:
1.gain逐渐的积累,特指获得需要/想要的东西
2.derive从...中获得,强调源自于
3.obtain特指通过自身的努力获得
4.acquire特指通过自身的努力获得,也可指购得或者被动得到
5.secure特指经过很多努力获得,强调获得的过程不易
6.procure特指经过很多努力获得,强调获得的过程不易,也指法律上的说服
7.win特指通过竞争赢得
8.earn特指获利,且应得

作者语:
If someone wants to gain strong vocabulary, it will be obtained/acquired/secured/procured through continuous hard work.
Accurate word use is derived from studying synonyms.
Hard work will win someone strong vocabulary.

1. gain

  • 含义:逐渐的积累,特指获得需要/想要的东西
  • 例句:
    She has gained a reputation as a good communicator.
    她获得了“沟通大师”的美名。
  • 常见用法:
    gain strength/experience/confidence/reputation/knowledge/weight

2. derive

  • 含义:从...中获得,强调源自于
  • 例句:
    He derived great pleasure from painting.
    他从绘画中得到极大的乐趣
  • 常见用法:
    derive amusement/comfort/enjoyment/inspiration/satisfaction/support

3. obtain

  • 含义:特指通过自身的努力获得
  • 例句:
    I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
    我终于设法弄到了这份报告的一个副本。
  • 常见用法:
    obtain employment/information/benefit/advice/evidence/assistance/credit

4. acquire

  • 含义:特指通过自身的努力获得,也可指购得或者被动得到
  • 例句:
    He has acquired a reputation for dishonesty.
    他得到了奸诈的名声。
    The company has just acquired new premises.
    公司刚购得新办公楼。
    I've suddenly acquired a stepbrother.
    我突然有了一个继兄弟。
  • 常见用法:
    acquire knowledge/shares/a company/wealth/a taste

5.secure

  • 含义:特指经过很多努力获得,强调获得的过程不易
  • 例句:
    He secured himself a place at the law school.
    他取得了法学院的学籍。
  • 常见用法:
    secure a job/a contract/approval/deal/victory

6.procure

  • 含义:特指经过很多努力获得,强调获得的过程不易,也指法律上的说服
  • 例句:
    She managed to procure a ticket for the concert.
    她好不容易弄到一张音乐会入场券。
    He procured his wife to sign the mandate for the joint account.
    他说服妻子在联合账户上签了私人财产委托说明。
  • 常见用法:
    procure medicine/degree/antique

7. win

  • 含义:特指通过竞争赢得
  • 例句:
    She won the admiration of many people in her battle against cancer.
    她在与癌症的对抗中赢得了许多人的钦佩。
  • 常见用法:
    win acceptance/admiration/applause/championship/custody/trust

8.earn

  • 含义:特指获利,且应得
  • 例句:
    As a teacher, she had earned the respect of her students.
    作为教师,她赢得了学生的尊敬。
  • 常见用法:
    earn bonus/money/salary/badge/cash/certificate/honor/love/loyalty

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