Centos7 / RHEL 7 双网卡绑定之 t eam

简要

双网卡绑定技术在centos7中使用了teaming技术,而在rhel6/centos7中使用的是bonding技术, 在centos7中双网卡绑定既能使用teaming也可以使用bonding,这里推荐使用teaming技术,方便与查看和监控。

原理

这里介绍两种最常见的双网卡绑定模式:

  • roundrobin - 轮询模式 所有链路处于负载均衡状态,这种模式的特点增加了带宽,同时支持容错能力。
  • activebackup - 主备模式 一个网卡处于活动状态,另一个处于备份状态,所有流量都在主链路上处理,当活动网卡down掉时,启用备份网卡。

基础环境

系统:centos7 在centos7中,关闭虚拟机添加网卡,再开启虚拟机,系统是不会自动生成网卡的配置文件:

Centos7 / RHEL 7 双网卡绑定之 t eam_第1张图片
在centos7中要生成网卡配置文件的方法很简单,使用如下命令:
查看物理网卡信息

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev
DEVICE       TYPE      STATE      CONNECTION         
eno16777736  ethernet  connected  eno16777736        
eno33554984  ethernet  connected  Wired connection 1 
eno50332208  ethernet  connected  Wired connection 2 
lo           loopback  unmanaged  --   

上面的信息可以看到,一共有四张网卡,其中lo是本地回环网卡,另外三张为物理网卡。

查看网卡连接信息


[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME                UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
Wired connection 2  9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec  802-3-ethernet  eno50332208 
Wired connection 1  47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950  802-3-ethernet  eno33554984 
eno16777736         51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736

上面的信息可以查看到一共有3个连接,其中两个有线连接,表示没有设置过的网卡连接,还有一个enoxx连接。接下来要修改两个有线连接的命名方法,并生成网卡配置文件:

  1. 首先,删除两个无用的有线连接
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec
Connection 'Wired connection 2' (9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950
Connection 'Wired connection 1' (47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950) successfully deleted.
  1. 再次创建新的连接并生成配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno50332208 ifname eno50332208 
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno33554984 ifname eno33554984
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully added.
  1. 最后,查看下
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
eno16777736  51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736 
eno33554984  32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003  802-3-ethernet  eno33554984 
eno50332208  eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c  802-3-ethernet  eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 394 Nov 26 05:59 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno33554984
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno50332208

网络连接和配置文件都成功生成了。 接下来通过eno33554984 和 eno50332208 使用teaming模式进行双网卡绑定

  1. roundrobin模式: roundrobin模式也称为轮询模式,它 基于每一个包 ,当某一台服务器的两张网卡设置为roundrobin模式teaming,此时服务器发出的数据包,就会在两个物理 网卡上进行轮询,即第一个数据包走一张网卡,第二个数据包走第二张网卡,依次轮询。 注意:
    (1)roundrobin具有容错性,当一张网卡down掉,数据包依然发送成功。
    (2)在使用roundrobin模式必须要在交换机上做以太通道,不然会出现网络无法连通。
    实际操作:

使用nmcli命令操作,创建team接口team0,同时设置teaming模式为roundrobin
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}'
Connection 'team0' (9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f) successfully added.
给接口team0设置ip地址
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.0.0.2/24' ipv4.gateway '10.0.0.1' # 设置为手动模式,取消DHCP
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual

4.1 . 将两张物理网卡加入到team中

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
team0-port2  12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c  802-3-ethernet  --          
eno16777736  51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736 
team0-port1  22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800  802-3-ethernet  --          
team0        9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f  team            team0       
eno33554984  32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003  802-3-ethernet  eno33554984 
eno50332208  eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c  802-3-ethernet  eno50332208

查看team0的状态
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 stsetup: runner: roundrobin

4.2 roundrobin问题排查

第一次查看出现的是这样的结果,检查下配置:
通过直接查看网卡发现team0并没有启动
[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team05: team0: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
使用ifup 启动team0并没有成功,继续排查

[root@localhost ~]# ifup team0[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team05: team0:  mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
直接sysetmctl restart network 也没有成功。

发现team0-port1 team0-port2没有添加成功物理网卡,怎么回事呢?

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
team0-port2  ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655  802-3-ethernet  --          
eno16777736  51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736 
team0-port1  22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800  802-3-ethernet  --          
team0        9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f  team            team0       
eno33554984  32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003  802-3-ethernet  eno33554984 
eno50332208  eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c  802-3-ethernet  eno50332208 
删除掉
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port2
Connection 'team0-port2' (ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655) successfully deleted.


    # 删除两张物理网卡的连接
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
eno16777736  51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736 
team0        9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f  team            team0       
eno33554984  32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003  802-3-ethernet  eno33554984 
eno50332208  eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c  802-3-ethernet  eno50332208 
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del eno33554984 eno50332208
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully deleted.
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully deleted.
    # 删除成功
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
eno16777736  51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736 
team0        9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f  team            team0

再次将两张物理网卡添加到team

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME         UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE      
team0-port1  0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d  802-3-ethernet  eno33554984 
eno16777736  51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad  802-3-ethernet  eno16777736 
team0        9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f  team            team0       
team0-port2  880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011  802-3-ethernet  eno50332208

这样,team模式的roundrobin搭建成功。
总结: 在做链路聚合的时候,所要使用到的物理网卡不能独立存在连接,也就是在nmcli con sh查看时,不能独立存在,否则就无法绑定到team模式中。

测试

因为这里是虚拟机环境,只能通过down掉网卡进行查看。

  1. 双网卡绑定activebackup的实现
# 添加逻辑网卡team0,并启用activebackup模式
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}'
Connection 'team0' (f0794e59-419d-4c2a-96b9-464610b6321a) successfully added.

# 绑定ip
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0  ipv4.address 192.168.118.122/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.118.1
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual


# 添加物理网卡到activebackup模式
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (52656904-6e85-4a04-98b4-2b19773fa290) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (44d96e3a-014a-481f-9122-4ca2d3be9f7a) successfully added.

成功,处于活动中的网卡为 eno33554984
5.1 测试
通过down掉活动网卡测试网络是否仍然处于连通状态


Centos7 / RHEL 7 双网卡绑定之 t eam_第2张图片

测试成功。注意: 在做网卡绑定的时候,如果发现物理网卡总是无法绑定到team0,请检查该物理网卡是否处于up状态。

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