整合Open vSwitch与DNSmasq为虚拟机提供DHCP功能

继上文《Ubuntu14.04安装配置Open vSwitch》安装好Open vSwitch后,这里我们将要创建两个KVM虚拟机,并通过DNSmasq来为这两个虚拟机自动分配私网IP地址。

虚拟机与宿主机网络结构图大致如下所示:

整合Open vSwitch与DNSmasq为虚拟机提供DHCP功能

测试环境说明:

1)测试私网段:172.17.0.0/24

2)测试 vlan tag:100

 

下面简要介绍下整个配置流程:

1、安装dnsmasq:

◄►  sudo apt-get install dnsmasq

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree       

Reading state information... Done

The following NEW packages will be installed:

  dnsmasq

0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 37 not upgraded.

Need to get 14.9 kB of archives.

After this operation, 114 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/universe dnsmasq all 2.68-1ubuntu0.1 [14.9 kB]

Fetched 14.9 kB in 0s (138 kB/s)   

Selecting previously unselected package dnsmasq.

(Reading database ... 231198 files and directories currently installed.)

Preparing to unpack .../dnsmasq_2.68-1ubuntu0.1_all.deb ...

Unpacking dnsmasq (2.68-1ubuntu0.1) ...

Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...

ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot

Setting up dnsmasq (2.68-1ubuntu0.1) ...

 * Starting DNS forwarder and DHCP server dnsmasq                                                                                               [ OK ] 

Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...

◄►  sudo ps -ea | grep dns

 3307 ?        00:00:00 dnsmasq

2、通过 ovs 创建一个 internal port,这里取名为 qdhcp,并设置 vlan id 为100,供下文的 dnsmasq 进程使用:

◄►  sudo ovs-vsctl add-port br0 qdhcp tag=100

◄►  sudo ovs-vsctl set Interface qdhcp type=internal

3、查看已经创建的 qdhcp port:

◄►  sudo ovs-vsctl show

1e6548a9-956e-4b86-b743-f8da0aa2b922

    Bridge "br0"

        Port "br0"

            Interface "br0"

                type: internal

        Port qdhcp

            tag: 100

            Interface qdhcp

                type: internal

        Port "eth0"

            Interface "eth0"

    ovs_version: "2.0.2"

◄►  ifconfig 



qdhcp     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 72:6c:a8:c2:48:68  

          inet6 addr: fe80::706c:a8ff:fec2:4868/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 

          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:578 (578.0 B)

4、给 qdhcp 虚拟网卡配置 IP 地址,这里IP地址必须为测试私网内的,这里我们就分配 172.17.0.1 给qdhcp:

◄►  sudo ifconfig qdhcp 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

◄►  ifconfig



qdhcp     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 72:6c:a8:c2:48:68  

          inet addr:172.17.0.1  Bcast:172.17.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::706c:a8ff:fec2:4868/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 

          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)

5、启动一个 dnsmasq 进程,监听 qdhcp 虚拟网卡:

◄►  sudo /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --strict-order --bind-interfaces --interface=qdhcp --except-interface=lo --pid-file=/var/run/dnsmasq/qdhcp.pid --leasefile-ro --dhcp-range=172.17.0.2,172.17.0.254,255.255.255.0,12h --conf-file=

6、查看已经启动的 dnsmasq 进程:

◄►  ps aux | grep dnsmasq

nobody    3471  0.0  0.0  35228  2412 ?        S    12:26   0:00 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq --strict-order --bind-interfaces --interface=qdhcp --except-interface=lo --pid-file=/var/run/dnsmasq/qdhcp.pid --leasefile-ro --dhcp-range=172.17.0.2,172.17.0.254,255.255.255.0,12h --conf-file=

7、下面就是整理两个虚拟机VM1、VM2的配置文件,这里仅展示 interface 这块配置项:

VM1:

    <interface type='bridge'> <source bridge='br0'/>  <vlan> <tag id='100'/> </vlan> <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <target dev='tap0'/> <model type='virtio'/> </interface> VM2: <interface type='bridge'> <source bridge='br0'/>  <vlan> <tag id='100'/> </vlan>  <virtualport type='openvswitch'/> <target dev='tap0'/> <model type='virtio'/> </interface>

这里将两个虚拟机的虚拟网卡的 vlan id 都设为 100,即必须保证和 qdhcp port在同一个vlan中。

8、启动VM1、VM2,并查看 ovs 虚拟网卡 tap0、tap1 的情况:

◄►  sudo ovs-vsctl show

1e6548a9-956e-4b86-b743-f8da0aa2b922

    Bridge "br0"

        Port "tap1"

            tag: 100

            Interface "tap1"

        Port "br0"

            Interface "br0"

                type: internal

        Port qdhcp

            tag: 100

            Interface qdhcp

                type: internal

        Port "eth0"

            Interface "eth0"

        Port "tap0"

            tag: 100

            Interface "tap0"

    ovs_version: "2.0.2"

由此,我们已经将VM1、VM2和qdhcp port分在了同一个VLAN里了。

10、通过VNC登陆到VM1、VM2中,查看其是否获取到指定私网段IP地址:

VM1:

整合Open vSwitch与DNSmasq为虚拟机提供DHCP功能

VM2:

 整合Open vSwitch与DNSmasq为虚拟机提供DHCP功能

11、从VM1 ping VM2:

整合Open vSwitch与DNSmasq为虚拟机提供DHCP功能

至此,整合Open vSwitch与DNSmasq的功能就完成了,两个虚拟机之间就可以愉快地玩耍了。

 

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