爬虫之Fiddler抓包腾讯视频
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@图片自制by小si
//
本文作者
王豪：行路难，多歧路，今安在，埋头苦改bug会有时，直到bug改完才吃饭。
//
阅读文本大概需要 9 分钟。
一、抓包分析
1.下载工具并安装
2.Fiddler工具的使用
二、爬取腾讯视频某视频所有评论
1.思路分析
2.具体代码
3.结果展示
一、抓包分析
1.下载工具并安装
如果我们要进行抓包分析，首先，我们必须要有一款抓包的工具，只有用工具抓到包，我们才能进行分析，在这里我介绍一款抓包软件Fiddler，我这里有这个软件的分享：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1JvJvH7wfRLzALluOrOlcvQ
提取码：9099
安装不需要过多的说，按照上面提示的步骤装就可以了。
2.Fiddler工具的使用
（1）首先，
Fiddler
工具分为四块：
显示所抓的包、请求区、响应区和语句输入区
（2）有的js包需要手动点击一下，才能解析出来：
（3）一般，我们抓包分析都是点击响应区中的TextView，再观察。
二、爬取腾讯视频某视频所有评论
1.思路分析
这里我想爬取斗罗大陆的所有评论。
（1）进入到斗罗大陆动画片的评论区：
（1）进入到斗罗大陆动画片的评论区：
（2）打开
Fiddler
，然后，刷新页面，找到存放评论信息的js包：
（3）因为评论是手动点击加载更多触发的，所有，我们多加载几个：
（4）观察网址结构，得出结论：
（5）下一个提取id我发现每次都可以在上一个js包中找到，这些js包像一个链表一样，是链式链接的。下面的图片是我在第一个js包中搜索第二个js包的id的例子：
这样，我们就能找到所有的js包，从而爬取所有的评论。
2.具体代码
#提取10次，每次提取10个
import urllib.request,time
import urllib.error
import random,re
'''
作用：该模块为爬虫设置用户和ip代理
参数：thisUrl是要爬取的网址
ip_pool是ip代理池
返回值：返回爬取网页信息的二进制数据
'''
def ua_ip(thisUrl, ip_pool):
#构建用户代理池
ua_pool = [
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.26 Safari/537.36 Core/1.63.5558.400 QQBrowser/10.1.1695.400',
'User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.133 Safari/534.16',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36',
'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)',
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
"Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10"
]
thisUA = random.choice(ua_pool) #从用户代理池中随机选择一个用户代理
thisIP = random.choice(ip_pool) #从ip代理池中随机选择一个ip代理
print("用户代理： {}" .format(thisUA))
print("ip代理： {}" .format(thisIP))
#将IP代理格式化
proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http': thisIP})
#安装IP代理,并构建开启工具
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy, urllib.request.HTTPHandler)
#构造报头
headers = ('user-agent', thisUA)
#安装报头
opener.addheaders = [headers]
#将opener设置为全局
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
#以二进制形式爬取信息
respense = urllib.request.urlopen(thisUrl)
data = respense.read()
respense.close() #避免持续链接导致被发现是爬虫
return data
def main():
ip_pool = [
'127.0.0.1:8888'
]
v_id = '2369303789' #要爬取的视频的id，这里我爬取的是斗罗大陆的
c_id = '0' #第一次评论的id
num = '10' #每一页提取的评论数数目
n = 1 #用来记录获取的评论总数
fp = open('D:\\python\\new.txt', 'a+')
for i in range(0, 10):
try:
# 网址格式： http://coral.qq.com/article/【视频id】/comment/v2?callback=_article2369303789commentv2&orinum=【一次提取的评论数目】&oriorder=o&pageflag=1&cursor=【下一个视频id】
url = 'http://coral.qq.com/article/'+ v_id +'/comment/v2?callback=_article2369303789commentv2&orinum='+ num +'&oriorder=o&pageflag=1&cursor='+c_id
#对获取的二进制数进行解码
data = ua_ip(url, ip_pool).decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
#构造获取下一页评论ip的正则表达式
pat1 = '"last":"(.*?)"'
c_ids = re.compile(pat1).findall(data)
c_id = c_ids[0] #c_ids是一个列表，获取他的第一个元素就是下一页评论id
#构造获取评论内容的正则表达式
pat2 = '"content":"(.*?)"'
comment_list = re.compile(pat2).findall(data)
for comment in comment_list:
thisdata = "第"+str(n)+"个评论为： " + eval('u"' + comment + '"')
print(thisdata)
fp.write(thisdata + '\n')
n += 1
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
if hasattr(e, 'code'):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
print(e.reason)
except Exception as err:
print(err)
time.sleep(2) # 每爬取一页，停顿2秒，减少频率，从而减少被发现的几率
fp.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
import urllib.request,time
import urllib.error
import random,re
'''
作用：该模块为爬虫设置用户和ip代理
参数：thisUrl是要爬取的网址
ip_pool是ip代理池
返回值：返回爬取网页信息的二进制数据
'''
def ua_ip(thisUrl, ip_pool):
#构建用户代理池
ua_pool = [
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.26 Safari/537.36 Core/1.63.5558.400 QQBrowser/10.1.1695.400',
'User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.133 Safari/534.16',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36',
'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)',
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
"Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10"
]
thisUA = random.choice(ua_pool) #从用户代理池中随机选择一个用户代理
thisIP = random.choice(ip_pool) #从ip代理池中随机选择一个ip代理
print("用户代理： {}" .format(thisUA))
print("ip代理： {}" .format(thisIP))
#将IP代理格式化
proxy = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http': thisIP})
#安装IP代理,并构建开启工具
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy, urllib.request.HTTPHandler)
#构造报头
headers = ('user-agent', thisUA)
#安装报头
opener.addheaders = [headers]
#将opener设置为全局
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
#以二进制形式爬取信息
respense = urllib.request.urlopen(thisUrl)
data = respense.read()
respense.close() #避免持续链接导致被发现是爬虫
return data
def main():
ip_pool = [
'127.0.0.1:8888'
]
v_id = '2369303789' #要爬取的视频的id，这里我爬取的是斗罗大陆的
c_id = '0' #第一次评论的id
num = '10' #每一页提取的评论数数目
n = 1 #用来记录获取的评论总数
fp = open('D:\\python\\new.txt', 'a+')
for i in range(0, 10):
try:
# 网址格式： http://coral.qq.com/article/【视频id】/comment/v2?callback=_article2369303789commentv2&orinum=【一次提取的评论数目】&oriorder=o&pageflag=1&cursor=【下一个视频id】
url = 'http://coral.qq.com/article/'+ v_id +'/comment/v2?callback=_article2369303789commentv2&orinum='+ num +'&oriorder=o&pageflag=1&cursor='+c_id
#对获取的二进制数进行解码
data = ua_ip(url, ip_pool).decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
#构造获取下一页评论ip的正则表达式
pat1 = '"last":"(.*?)"'
c_ids = re.compile(pat1).findall(data)
c_id = c_ids[0] #c_ids是一个列表，获取他的第一个元素就是下一页评论id
#构造获取评论内容的正则表达式
pat2 = '"content":"(.*?)"'
comment_list = re.compile(pat2).findall(data)
for comment in comment_list:
thisdata = "第"+str(n)+"个评论为： " + eval('u"' + comment + '"')
print(thisdata)
fp.write(thisdata + '\n')
n += 1
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
if hasattr(e, 'code'):
print(e.code)
if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
print(e.reason)
except Exception as err:
print(err)
time.sleep(2) # 每爬取一页，停顿2秒，减少频率，从而减少被发现的几率
fp.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
3.结果展示
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