1.如何高效使用Solr查询功能 ?
2.单个字段分组统计如何实现?
3.IN条件查询有几种方式?
4.多个字段分组统计是否只支持count?
Cloudera公司已经推出了基于Hadoop平台的查询统计分析工具Impala,只要熟悉SQL,就可以熟练地使用Impala来执行查询与分析的功能。不过Impala的SQL和关系数据库的SQL还是有一点微妙地不同的。
下面,我们设计一个表,通过该表中的数据,来将SQL查询与统计的语句,使用Solr查询的方式来与SQL查询对应。这个翻译的过程,是非常有趣的,你可以看到Solr一些很不错的功能。
用来示例的表结构设计,如图所示:
下面,我们通过给出一些SQL查询统计语句,然后对应翻译成Solr查询语句,然后对比结果
查询对比
条件组合查询
SQL查询语句:
- SELECT log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_type
- FROM v_i_event
- WHERE prov_id = 1 AND net_type = 1 AND area_id = 10304 AND time_type = 1 AND time_id >= 20130801 AND time_id <= 20130815
- ORDER BY log_id LIMIT 10;
-
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查询结果,如图所示:
Solr查询URL:
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&fl=log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_type&fq=prov_id:1 AND net_type:1 AND area_id:10304 AND time_type:1 AND time_id:[20130801 TO 20130815]&sort=log_id asc&start=0&rows=10
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查询结果,如下所示:
-
-
-
- 0
- 4
-
-
-
- 6827
- 1375072117
- 1375081683
- 1
- 103
- 10304
- 11002
- 0
- 1
-
-
- 6827
- 1375072117
- 1375081683
- 1
- 103
- 10304
- 11000
- 0
- 1
-
-
- 6851
- 1375142158
- 1375146391
- 1
- 103
- 10304
- 14001
- 5
- 1
-
-
- 6851
- 1375142158
- 1375146391
- 1
- 103
- 10304
- 11002
- 23
- 1
-
-
- 6851
- 1375142158
- 1375146391
- 1
- 103
- 10304
- 10200
- 55
- 1
-
-
- 6851
- 1375142158
- 1375146391
- 1
- 103
- 10304
- 14000
- 4
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对比上面结果,除了根据idt_id排序方式不同以外(Impala是升序,Solr是降序),其他是相同的。
单个字段分组统计
SQL查询语句:
- SELECT prov_id, SUM(cnt) AS sum_cnt, AVG(cnt) AS avg_cnt, MAX(cnt) AS max_cnt, MIN(cnt) AS min_cnt, COUNT(cnt) AS count_cnt
- FROM v_i_event
- GROUP BY prov_id;
-
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查询结果,如图所示:
Solr查询URL:
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&stats=true&stats.field=cnt&rows=0&indent=true
-
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查询结果,如下所示:
-
-
-
- 0
- 2
-
-
-
-
-
- 0.0
- 1258.0
- 4088
- 0
- 32587.0
- 9170559.0
- 7.971379647749511
- 46.69344567709268
-
-
-
-
-
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对比查询结果,Solr提供了更多的统计项,如标准差(stddev)等,与SQL查询结果是一致的。
IN条件查询
SQL查询语句:
[cde lang="sql"]
SELECT log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_typ
FROM v_i_event
WHERE prov_id = 1 AND net_type = 1 ANDcity_id IN(106,103) AND idt_id IN(12011,5004,6051,6056,8002) AND time_type = 1AND time_id >= 20130801 AND time_id <= 20130815
ORDER BY log_id, start_time DESC LIMIT 10;
[/code]
查询结果,如图所示:
Solr查询URL:
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&fl=log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id, cnt,net_type&fq=prov_id:1 AND net_type:1 AND (city_id:106 OR city_id:103) AND (idt_id:12011 OR idt_id:5004 OR idt_id:6051 OR idt_id:6056 OR idt_id:8002) AND time_type:1 AND time_id:[20130801 TO 20130815]&sort=log_id asc ,start_time desc&start=0&rows=10
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或
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&fl=log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id, cnt ,net_type&fq=prov_id:1&fq=net_type:1&fq=(city_id:106 OR city_id:103)&fq=(idt_id:12011 OR idt_id:5004 OR idt_id:6051 OR idt_id:6056 OR idt_id:8002)&fq=time_type:1&fq=time_id:[20130801 TO 20130815]&sort=log_id asc,start_time desc&start=0&rows=10
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查询结果,如下所示:
-
-
-
- 0
- 6
-
-
-
- 6553
- 1374054184
- 1374054254
- 1
- 103
- 10307
- 12011
- 0
- 1
-
-
- 6553
- 1374054184
- 1374054254
- 1
- 103
- 10307
- 5004
- 2
- 1
-
-
- 6555
- 1374055060
- 1374055158
- 1
- 103
- 70104
- 5004
- 3
- 1
-
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对比查询结果,是一致的。
开区间范围条件查询
SQL查询语句:
SELECTlog_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_type
FROM v_i_event
WHERE net_type = 1 AND idt_idIN(12011,5004,6051,6056,8002) AND time_type = 1 AND start_time >= 1373598465AND end_time < 1374055254
ORDER BY log_id, start_time, idt_id DESCLIMIT 30;
查询结果,如图所示:
Solr查询URL:
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&fl=log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_type&fq=net_type:1 AND (idt_id:12011 OR idt_id:5004 OR idt_id:6051 OR idt_id:6056 OR idt_id:8002) AND time_type:1 AND start_time:[1373598465 TO 1374055254]&fq =-start_time:1374055254&sort=log_id asc,start_time asc,idt_id desc&start=0&rows=30
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或
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&fl=log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_type&fq=net_type:1 AND (idt_id:12011 OR idt_id:5004 OR idt_id:6051 OR idt_id:6056 OR idt_id:8002) AND time_type:1 AND start_time:[1373598465 TO 1374055254] AND -start_time:1374055254&sort=log_id asc,start_time asc,idt_id desc&start=0&rows=30
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或
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&fl=log_id,start_time,end_time,prov_id,city_id,area_id,idt_id,cnt,net_type&fq=net_type:1&fq=idt_id:12011 OR idt_id:5004 OR idt_id:6051 OR idt_id:6056 OR idt_id:8002&fq =time_type:1&fq=start_time:[1373598465 TO 1374055254]&fq =-start_time:1374055254&sort=log_id asc,start_time asc,idt_id desc&start=0&rows=30
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查询结果,如下所示:
-
-
-
- 0
- 5
-
-
-
- 6553
- 1374054184
- 1374054254
- 1
- 103
- 10307
- 12011
- 0
- 1
-
-
- 6553
- 1374054184
- 1374054254
- 1
- 103
- 10307
- 2
- 1
-
-
- 6555
- 1374055060
- 1374055158
- 1
- 103
- 70104
- 12011
- 0
- 1
-
-
- 6555
- 1374055060
- 1374055158
- 1
- 103
- 70104
- 5004
- 3
- 1
-
-
-
-
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多个字段分组统计(只支持count函数)
SQL查询语句:
SELECT city_id, area_id, COUNT(cnt) AScount_cnt
FROM v_i_event
WHERE prov_id = 1 AND net_type = 1
GROUP BY city_id, area_id;
查询结果,如图所示:
Solr查询URL:
- http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&facet=true&facet.pivot=city_id,area_id&fq=prov_id:1 AND net_type:1&rows=0&indent=true
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对比上面结果,Solr查询结果,需要从上面的各组中进行合并,得到最终的统计结果,结果和SQL结果是一致的。
多个字段分组统计(支持count、sum、max、min等函数)
一次对多个字段进行独立分组统计,Solr可以很好的支持。这相当于执行两个带有GROUP BY子句的SQL,这两个GROUP BY分别只对一个字段进行汇总统计。
SQL查询语句:
- SELECT city_id, area_id, COUNT(cnt) AS count_cnt
- FROM v_i_event
- WHERE prov_id = 1 AND net_type = 1
- GROUP BY city_id;
-
- SELECT city_id, area_id, COUNT(cnt) AS count_cnt
- FROM v_i_event
- WHERE prov_id = 1 AND net_type = 1
- GROUP BY area_id;
-
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查询结果,不再显示。
Solr查询URL:
- >http://slave1:8888/solr-cloud/i_event/select?q=*:*&stats=true&stats.field=cnt&f.cnt.stats.facet=city_id&&f.cnt.stats.facet=area_id&fq=prov_id:1 AND net_type:1&rows=0&indent=true
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查询结果,如下所示:
-
-
- 0
- 72
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- city_id
- 103
- 678
-
-
- area_id
- 10307
- 298
-
-
- area_id
- 10315
- 120
-
-
- area_id
- 10317
- 86
-
-
- area_id
- 10304
- 67
-
-
- area_id
- 10310
- 49
-
-
- area_id
- 70104
- 48
-
-
- area_id
- 10308
- 6
-
-
- area_id
- 0
- 2
-
-
- area_id
- 10311
- 2
-
-
-
-
- city_id
- 0
- 463
-
-
- area_id
- 0
- 395
-
-
- area_id
- 10307
- 68
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对比上面结果,Solr查询结果,需要从上面的各组中进行合并,得到最终的统计结果,结果和SQL结果是一致的。
多个字段联合分组统计(支持count、sum、max、min等函数)
SQL查询语句:
SELECT city_id, area_id, SUM(cnt) ASsum_cnt, AVG(cnt) AS avg_cnt, MAX(cnt) AS max_cnt, MIN(cnt) AS min_cnt,COUNT(cnt) AS count_cnt
FROM v_i_event
WHERE prov_id = 1 AND net_type = 1
GROUP BY city_id, area_id;
查询结果,如图所示:
Solr目前不能简单的支持这种查询,如果想要满足这种查询统计,需要在schema的设计上,将一个字段设置为多值,然后通过多个值进行分组统计。如果应用中查询统计分析的模式比较固定,预先知道哪些字段会用于联合分组统计,完全可以在设计的时候,考虑设置多值字段来满足这种需求。
感兴趣的读者,还可以看看这里: 基于Solr DIH实现MySQL表数据全量索引和增量索引