Java中HashMap是一种用于存储“键”和“值”信息对的数据结构。不同于Array、ArrayList和LinkedLists,它不会维持插入元素的顺序。
1. HashMap存储每对键和值作为一个Entry
Map aMap = new HashMap();
键的每次插入,都会有值对应到散列映射上,生成一个Entry
2.创建一个简单的HashMap,并插入一些键和值。
Map aMap = new HashMap();
// adding keys and values
aMap.put("Five", 5);
aMap.put("Seven", 7);
aMap.put("Eight", 8);
aMap.put("One",1);
aMap.put("Two",2);
aMap.put("Three", 3);
Set> mapEntries = aMap.entrySet();
List> aList = new LinkedList>(mapEntries);
Collections.sort(aList, new Comparator>() {
@Override
public int compare(Entry ele1,
Entry ele2) {
return ele1.getValue().compareTo(ele2.getValue());
}
});
7. ele1.getValue(). compareTo(ele2.getValue())——比较这两个值,返回0——如果这两个值完全相同的话;返回1——如果第一个值大于第二个值;返回-1——如果第一个值小于第二个值。
8. Collections.sort()是一个内置方法,仅排序值的列表。它在Collections类中重载。这两种个方法是
public static > void sort(List list)
public static void sort(List list, Comparator super T> c)
9.现在你已经排序链表,我们需要存储键和值信息对到新的映射中。由于HashMap不保持顺序,因此我们要使用LinkedHashMap。
Map aMap2 = new LinkedHashMap();
for(Entry entry: aList) {
aMap2.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
package com.speakingcs.maps;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
public class SortMapByValues {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Map aMap = new HashMap();
// adding keys and values
aMap.put("Five", 5);
aMap.put("Seven", 7);
aMap.put("Eight", 8);
aMap.put("One",1);
aMap.put("Two",2);
aMap.put("Three", 3);
sortMapByValues(aMap);
}
private static void sortMapByValues(Map aMap) {
Set> mapEntries = aMap.entrySet();
System.out.println("Values and Keys before sorting ");
for(Entry entry : mapEntries) {
System.out.println(entry.getValue() + " - "+ entry.getKey());
}
// used linked list to sort, because insertion of elements in linked list is faster than an array list.
List> aList = new LinkedList>(mapEntries);
// sorting the List
Collections.sort(aList, new Comparator>() {
@Override
public int compare(Entry ele1,
Entry ele2) {
return ele1.getValue().compareTo(ele2.getValue());
}
});
// Storing the list into Linked HashMap to preserve the order of insertion.
Map aMap2 = new LinkedHashMap();
for(Entry entry: aList) {
aMap2.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
// printing values after soring of map
System.out.println("Value " + " - " + "Key");
for(Entry entry : aMap2.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getValue() + " - " + entry.getKey());
}
}
}