[Java] 学生与教师管理系统

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1. 主要功能

• 主菜单选择管理学员/教师信息；
• 可以添加、修改、删除、查询学员/教师信息；
• 可以返回主菜单；
  

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2. Java 实现

a. MainApp.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MainApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        //学生集合
        ArrayList<Student> stuList = new ArrayList<>();
        //教师集合
        ArrayList<Teacher> teaList = new ArrayList<>();
        //主菜单
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("1.学员信息管理 2.教师信息管理 3.退出");
            int op = sc.nextInt();
            switch (op) {
                case 1:
                    studentManage(stuList, sc);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    teacherManage(teaList, sc);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    System.out.println("谢谢使用，拜拜！！");
                    System.exit(0);
                default:
                    System.out.println("你的输入有误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    //教师信息管理
    private static void teacherManage(ArrayList<Teacher> teaList, Scanner sc) {
        //二级菜单
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------ ");
            System.out.println("【教师信息管理】");
            System.out.println("1.添加教师 2.修改教师 3.删除教师 4.查询教师 5.返回");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("请输入功能序号：");
            int op = sc.nextInt();
            switch (op) {
                case 1:
                    addTeacher(teaList, sc);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    updateTeacher(teaList, sc);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    deleteTeacher(teaList, sc);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    selectAllTeacher(teaList, sc);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    return;//结束方法
                default:
                    System.out.println("你的输入有误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    //学员信息管理
    private static void studentManage(ArrayList<Student> stuList, Scanner sc) {
        //二级菜单
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------ ");
            System.out.println("【学员信息管理】");
            System.out.println("1.添加学员 2.修改学员 3.删除学员 4.查询学员 5.返回");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("请输入功能序号：");
            int op = sc.nextInt();
            switch (op) {
                case 1:
                    addStudent(stuList, sc);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    updateStudent(stuList, sc);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    deleteStudent(stuList, sc);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    selectAllStudent(stuList, sc);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    return;//结束方法
                default:
                    System.out.println("你的输入有误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    //添加学员
    private static void addStudent(ArrayList<Student> stuList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("请输入学员姓名：");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入性别：");
        String sex = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入出生日期(yyyy-MM-dd)：");
        String birthday = sc.next();
        stuList.add(new Student(++Utils.stuId, name, sex, birthday));
        System.out.println("【成功】学员信息添加成功！");
    }

    //添加教师
    private static void addTeacher(ArrayList<Teacher> teaList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("请输入教师姓名：");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入性别：");
        String sex = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入出生日期(yyyy-MM-dd)：");
        String birthday = sc.next();
        teaList.add(new Teacher(++Utils.teaId, name, sex, birthday));
        System.out.println("【成功】教师信息添加成功！");
    }

    //修改学员
    private static void updateStudent(ArrayList<Student> stuList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的学员ID：");
        int stuId = sc.nextInt();
        //查询
        for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = stuList.get(i);
            if (stu.getId() == stuId) {
                System.out.println("【查询结果】要修改的学员信息：");
                //打印
                Utils.printPerson(stu);
                //执行修改
                System.out.println("请输入学员新姓名(保留原值输入0)：");
                String newName = sc.next();
                System.out.println("请输入学员新性别(保留原值输入0)：");
                String newSex = sc.next();
                System.out.println("请输入学员新出生日期(yyyy-MM-dd)(保留原值输入0)：");
                String newBirthday = sc.next();
                if (!"0".equals(newName)) {
                    stu.setName(newName);
                }
                if (!"0".equals(newSex)) {
                    stu.setSex(newSex);
                }
                if (!"0".equals(newBirthday)) {
                    stu.setBirthday(newBirthday);
                }
                System.out.println("【成功】学员信息修改成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("【错误】学员ID：" + stuId + " 没找到！");
    }

    //修改教师
    private static void updateTeacher(ArrayList<Teacher> teaList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的教师ID：");
        int teaId = sc.nextInt();
        //查询
        for (int i = 0; i < teaList.size(); i++) {
            Teacher tea = teaList.get(i);
            if (tea.getId() == teaId) {
                System.out.println("【查询结果】要修改的教师信息：");
                //打印
                Utils.printPerson(tea);
                //执行修改
                System.out.println("请输入教师新姓名(保留原值输入0)：");
                String newName = sc.next();
                System.out.println("请输入教师新性别(保留原值输入0)：");
                String newSex = sc.next();
                System.out.println("请输入教师新出生日期(yyyy-MM-dd)(保留原值输入0)：");
                String newBirthday = sc.next();
                if (!"0".equals(newName)) {
                    tea.setName(newName);
                }
                if (!"0".equals(newSex)) {
                    tea.setSex(newSex);
                }
                if (!"0".equals(newBirthday)) {
                    tea.setBirthday(newBirthday);
                }
                System.out.println("【成功】教师信息修改成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("【错误】教师ID：" + teaId + " 没找到！");
    }

    //删除学员
    private static void deleteStudent(ArrayList<Student> stuList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的学员ID：");
        int stuId = sc.nextInt();
        //查询
        for (int i = 0; i < stuList.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = stuList.get(i);
            if (stu.getId() == stuId) {
                System.out.println("【查询结果】要删除的学员信息：");
                Utils.printPerson(stu);
                System.out.println("【确认】您确定要删除这条信息吗(y/n)？");
                String str = sc.next();
                if ("y".equals(str)) {
                    stuList.remove(i);
                    System.out.println("【成功】数据已被删除！");
                    return;//结束方法
                } else {
                    System.out.println("【取消】操作被取消！");
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        System.out.println("【错误】学员ID：" + stuId + " 未找到！");
    }

    //删除教师
    private static void deleteTeacher(ArrayList<Teacher> teaList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的教师ID：");
        int teaId = sc.nextInt();
        //查询
        for (int i = 0; i < teaList.size(); i++) {
            Teacher tea = teaList.get(i);
            if (tea.getId() == teaId) {
                System.out.println("【查询结果】要删除的教师信息：");
                Utils.printPerson(tea);
                System.out.println("【确认】您确定要删除这条信息吗(y/n)？");
                String str = sc.next();
                if ("y".equals(str)) {
                    teaList.remove(i);
                    System.out.println("【成功】数据已被删除！");
                    return;//结束方法
                } else {
                    System.out.println("【取消】操作被取消！");
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        System.out.println("【错误】学员ID：" + teaId + " 未找到！");
    }

    //查询所有学员
    private static void selectAllStudent(ArrayList<Student> stuList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("【查询结果】");
        if (stuList.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("无数据");
            return;
        }
        Utils.printPersonList(stuList);//调用工具类打印
    }

    //查询所有教师
    private static void selectAllTeacher(ArrayList<Teacher> teaList, Scanner sc) {
        System.out.println("【查询结果】");
        if (teaList.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("无数据");
            return;
        }
        Utils.printPersonList(teaList);//调用工具类打印
    }
}

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b. Utils.java

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;

public class Utils {
    public static int stuId;//学员ID的初始值
    public static int teaId;//教师ID的初始值

    static {
        stuId = 0;
        teaId = 0;//后期可以改为从文件/数据库读取初始值
    }

    public static int birthdayToAge(String birthday) {
        Date birthDate = null;
        try {//异常处理代码，后面讲
            birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(birthday);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return -1;
        }
        //获取当前系统时间
        Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        //如果出生日期大于当前时间，则返回-1
        if (cal.before(birthDate)) {
            return -1;
        }
        //取出系统当前时间的年、月、日部分
        int yearNow = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        int monthNow = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH);
        int dayOfMonthNow = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
        //将日期设置为出生日期
        cal.setTime(birthDate);
        //取出出生日期的年、月、日部分
        int yearBirth = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);
        int monthBirth = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH);
        int dayOfMonthBirth = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
        //当前年份与出生年份相减，初步计算年龄
        int age = yearNow - yearBirth;
        //当前月份与出生日期的月份相比，如果月份小于出生月份，则年龄减1，表示不满多少周岁
        if (monthNow <= monthBirth) {
            //如果月份相等，在比较日期，如果当前日，小于出生日，也减1，表示不满多少周岁
            if (monthNow == monthBirth) {
                if (dayOfMonthNow < dayOfMonthBirth) age--;
            } else {
                age--;
            }
        }
        return age;
    }

    //打印ArrayList的方法
    public static void printPersonList(ArrayList personList) {
        System.out.println("*******************************************************");
        System.out.println("编号\t\t姓名\t\t性别\t\t生日\t\t年龄\t\t描述");
        for (int i = 0; i < personList.size(); i++) {
            Object p = personList.get(i);
            System.out.println(personList.get(i));
        }
        System.out.println("*******************************************************");
    }

    //打印Person的方法
    public static void printPerson(Person person) {
        System.out.println("*******************************************************");
        System.out.println("编号\t\t姓名\t\t性别\t\t生日\t\t年龄\t\t描述");
        System.out.println(person);
        System.out.println("*******************************************************");
    }
}

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c. Person.java

public abstract class Person {
    private int id;//编号
    private String name;//姓名
    private String sex;//性别
    private String birthday;//出生日期
    private int age;//年龄--通过出生日期换算

    //构造方法
    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(int id, String name, String sex, String birthday) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    //getter/setter
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        //通过生日计算年龄
        age = Utils.birthdayToAge(this.getBirthday());
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    //重写toString，同时作为模板
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return id + "\t\t" +
                name + "\t\t" +
                sex + "\t\t" +
                birthday + "\t\t" +
                this.getAge() + "\t\t" +
                " 我是一名：" + getType() + " 我的工作是：" + getWork();
    }

    //模板用到的两个方法，由子类重写
    public abstract String getWork();

    public abstract String getType();
}

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d. Teacher.java

public class Teacher extends Person {
    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(int id, String name, String sex, String birthday) {
        super(id, name, sex, birthday);
    }

    @Override
    public String getWork() {
        return "讲课";
    }

    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return "老师";
    }
}

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e. Student.java

public class Student extends Person {
    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(int id, String name, String sex, String birthday) {
        super(id, name, sex, birthday);
    }

    @Override
    public String getWork() {
        return "学习";
    }

    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return "学生";
    }
}

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Regino/article/details/104615211