使用OpenSSL生成证书

使用OpenSSL生成证书     下载安装openssl，进入/bin/下面，执行命令（把ssl目录下的openssl.cnf 拷贝到bin目录下） 1.首先要生成服务器端的私钥(key文件): openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024 [root@airwaySSL openssl]# cd ssl/ [root@airwaySSL ssl]# pwd /home/openssl/ssl [root@airwaySSL ssl]# ls certs  man  misc  openssl.cnf  private  server.csr  server.key 运行时会提示输入密码,此密码用于加密key文件(参数des3便是指加密算法,当然也可以选用其他你认为安全的算法.),以后每当需读取此文件(通过openssl提供的命令或API)都需输入口令.如果觉得不方便,也可以去除这个口令,但一定要采取其他的保护措施! 去除key文件口令的命令: openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key 2.openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr -config openssl.cnf [root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for server.key:12345 You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:china Locality Name (eg, city) []:wuhan Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:airway Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:airway Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:airway Email Address []:   Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []:   生成Certificate Signing Request（CSR）,生成的csr文件交给CA签名后形成服务端自己的证书.屏幕上将有提示,依照其指示一步一步输入要求的个人信息即可. 3.对客户端也作同样的命令生成key及csr文件: openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 1024   Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus ...........++++++ ..++++++ e is 65537 (0x10001) Enter pass phrase for client.key:12345 Verifying - Enter pass phrase for client.key:12345   openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr -config openssl.cnf   [root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr -config openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for client.key:12345 You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:china Locality Name (eg, city) []:wuhan Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:airway Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:airway Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:airway Email Address []:   Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []: An optional company name []:   4.CSR文件必须有CA的签名才可形成证书.可将此文件发送到verisign等地方由它验证,要交一大笔钱,何不自己做CA呢. openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -config openssl.cnf   [root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -config openssl.cnf Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key ...++++++ ...................++++++ writing new private key to 'ca.key' Enter PEM pass phrase:12345 Verifying - Enter PEM pass phrase: ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:china Locality Name (eg, city) []:wuhan Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:airway Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:airway Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:airway Email Address []: 在继续下面操作前，将openssl.conf文件打开，查看其dir路径将其修改为dir =/home/openssl/bin/demoCA /，否则下面的步骤会提示路径无法找到。   　　自己手动创建一个CA目录结构： 　　[weigw@TEST bin]$ mkdir ./demoCA 　　[weigw@TEST bin]$ mkdir demoCA/newcerts 　　创建个空文件： 　　[weigw@TEST bin]$ vi demoCA/index.txt 　　向文件中写入01： 　　[weigw@TEST bin]$ vi demoCA/serial 5.用生成的CA的证书为刚才生成的server.csr,client.csr文件签名: openssl ca -in server.csr -out server.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf   [root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl ca -in server.csr -out server.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf Using configuration from openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ca.key: Check that the request matches the signature Signature ok Certificate Details:         Serial Number: 1 (0x1)         Validity             Not Before: Feb 26 04:15:02 2009 GMT             Not After : Feb 26 04:15:02 2010 GMT         Subject:             countryName               = CN             stateOrProvinceName       = china             organizationName          = airway             organizationalUnitName    = airway             commonName                = airway         X509v3 extensions:             X509v3 Basic Constraints:             CA:FALSE             Netscape Comment:             OpenSSL Generated Certificate             X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:             30:70:D2:EB:9B:73:AE:7B:0E:8E:F6:94:33:7C:53:5B:EF:93:FC:38             X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:             keyid:DB:D6:83:BB:7F:28:C2:A9:40:6A:D8:32:FC:01:E0:5C:48:27:51:19   Certificate is to be certified until Feb 26 04:15:02 2010 GMT (365 days) Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y     1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y Write out database with 1 new entries Data Base Updated   openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf   [root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf Using configuration from openssl.cnf Enter pass phrase for ca.key: Check that the request matches the signature Signature ok The countryName field needed to be the same in the CA certificate (CN) and the request (cn) 现在我们所需的全部文件便生成了. 另： client使用的文件有：ca.crt,client.crt,client.key server使用的文件有：ca.crt,server.crt,server.key