笔者在规划服务容器化的过程中,对镜像管理有一些思考,最终决定使用Harbor管理镜像;
在局域网搭建Harbor私有仓库,在构建镜像的服务器中构建好服务镜像,并且将镜像传上harbor中,那么测试及开发环境只需要拉取镜像运行,即完成服务的更新:
笔者以下使用的域名hub.domain.com
,并不是实际注册的域名,而是通过修改Hosts文件指向了这个Harbor服务器的地址,你可以修改为自己需要的域名。
[root@harbor ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.43 hub.domain.com
创建证书存放目录
[root@harbor ~]# mkdir -p /data/cert
[root@harbor ~]# cd /data/cert/
获得证书授权
[root@harbor cert]# openssl genrsa -out ca.key 4096
[root@harbor cert]# openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -sha512 -days 3650 \
-subj "/C=CN/ST=Guangzhou/L=Guangzhou/O=example/CN=hub.domain.com" \
-key ca.key \
-out ca.crt
获得证书服务器
# 创建私钥
[root@harbor cert]# openssl genrsa -out hub.domain.com.key 4096
# 生成证书签名
[root@harbor cert]# openssl req -sha512 -new \
-subj "/C=CN/ST=Guangzhou/L=Guangzhou/O=example/CN=hub.domain.com" \
-key hub.domain.com.key \
-out hub.domain.com.csr
# 生成注册表主机的证书
[root@harbor cert]# cat > v3.ext <<-EOF
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
subjectAltName = @alt_names
[alt_names]
DNS.1=hub.domain.com
DNS.2=hub.domain
EOF
[root@harbor cert]# openssl x509 -req -sha512 -days 3650 \
-extfile v3.ext \
-CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial \
-in hub.domain.com.csr \
-out hub.domain.com.crt
# 转换证书
[root@harbor cert]# openssl x509 -inform PEM -in hub.domain.com.crt -out hub.domain.com.cert
生成完之后的证书目录结构
[root@harbor cert]# tree .
.
├── ca.crt
├── ca.key
├── ca.srl
├── hub.domain.com.cert
├── hub.domain.com.crt
├── hub.domain.com.csr
├── hub.domain.com.key
└── v3.ext
0 directories, 8 files
下载加解压离线安装版Harbor安装文件
[root@harbor cert]# cd ..
[root@harbor data]# wget https://storage.googleapis.com/harbor-releases/release-1.7.0/harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.1.tgz
[root@harbor data]# tar -xf harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.1.tgz
[root@harbor data]# ls
cert harbor harbor-offline-installer-v1.7.1.tgz
编辑harbor.cfg配置文件
[root@harbor data]# cd harbor
[root@harbor harbor]# vim harbor.cfg
# 主要配置下面几项
hostname = hub.domain.com
ui_url_protocol = https
......
ssl_cert = /data/cert/hub.domain.com.crt
ssl_cert_key = /data/cert/hub.domain.com.key
为Harbor生成配置文件
[root@harbor harbor]# ./prepare
为Docker配置服务器证书,密钥和CA
[root@harbor harbor]# mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.demian.com
[root@harbor harbor]# cp hub.domain.com.cert /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/
[root@harbor harbor]# cp hub.domain.com.key /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/
[root@harbor harbor]# cp ca.crt /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/
启动Harbor
[root@harbor harbor]# docker-compose up -d
启动完成之后,可以通过以下步骤进行验证:
打开浏览器并输入地址:https://hub.domain.com,它会显示Harbor的用户界面。
默认账号为admin
,密码为Harbor12345
运行Docker命令认证:
[root@harbor ~]# docker login hub.domain.com
Username: admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
这里笔者用一台test机(192.168.1.58)配置证书测试可用性,其他服务器的配置也是一样配置,但是一定是要在与Harbor主机同一个局域网中。
将Harbor主机中Docker证书目录的证书,拷贝到test机的Docker证书目录(没有该目录先创建)。
[root@harbor ~]# scp /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/ca.crt [email protected]:/etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/
[root@harbor ~]# scp /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/ca.crt [email protected]:/etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/
[root@harbor ~]# scp /etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/ca.crt [email protected]:/etc/docker/certs.d/hub.domain.com/
修改test主机的hosts文件
[root@test ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.43 hub.domain.com
在test主机中,Docker命令登录测试
[root@test ~]#docker login hub.domain.com
Username: admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
在HarborWeb中建立项目
上传操作
修改镜像tag,在test主机使用apline做上传测试。
[root@test /root]#docker tag docker.io/alpine hub.domain.com/example/alpine:latest
push镜像到Harbor仓库
[root@test /root]#docker push hub.domain.com/example/alpine
The push refers to a repository [hub.domain.com/example/alpine]
503e53e365f3: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:25b4d910f4b76a63a3b45d0f69a57c3415750021c62d214 size: 528
下载操作,在Harbor主机上做下载测试
[root@harbor ~]# docker pull hub.domain.com/example/alpine:latest
latest: Pulling from example/alpine
6c40cc604d8e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:25b4d910f4b76a63a3b45d0f69a57c3415750021c62d214
Status: Downloaded newer image for hub.domain.com/example/alpine:latest