python email模块的使用实例
在使用python过程中，需要用的email模块来进行邮件的发送和接收，包含自定义邮件的中文、主题、日期、附件等信息，以下是我使用email模块来发送一个测试报告相关信息的邮件的例子：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
'''
@author:freesigefei
Created on 2016年3月20日
Updated on 2016年5月4日
'''
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header
import os,time,re
def send_Test_email(mail_to):
'''本模块实现获取最新的测试报告html文件，读取部分报告内容作为邮件正文，将报告作为附件，并发送到指定的邮箱，
参数mail_to代表的是接收邮箱，例如:'[email protected]' '''
#发送邮箱
mail_from = '[email protected]'
#发送邮件主题
mail_subject = 'Automation Test Report'
#发送邮箱服务器
mail_smtpserver = 'smtp.sina.com'
#发送邮箱用户/密码
mail_username = '[email protected]'
mail_password = 'yyyyyy'
#定义邮件内容，中文需参数‘utf-8’，单字节字符不需要
'''
#发送文件形式的邮件
msg = MIMEText('你好!','text','utf-8')
'''
'''
#发送html形式以正常文本显示在邮件内容中的邮件
msg = MIMEText('你好！
','html','utf-8')
'''
'''
#读取html文件内容并发送
f=open(file_new,'rb')
mail_body=f.read()
f.close()
print mail_body
msg=MIMEText(mail_body,_subtype='html',_charset='utf-8')
'''
#创建一个带附件的邮件实例（内容）
msg = MIMEMultipart()
#找到report目录下最新生成的报告文件供后续使用
result_dir = 'D:\\report'
lists=os.listdir(result_dir)
lists.sort(key=lambda fn: os.path.getmtime(result_dir+"\\"+fn) if not
os.path.isdir(result_dir+"\\"+fn) else 0)
print (u'The Latest Test Report is: '+lists[-1])
file_new = os.path.join(result_dir,lists[-1])
#读取最新的测试报告文件获取部分信息来定义邮件的内容
Regex_Theme=re.compile(r'Automation Test Report')
Regex_Content=re.compile(r'(.*:)(.*)<')
Report_File=open(file_new,'r')
Mail_Content=[]
for line in Report_File.readlines():
if 'Automation Test Report ' in line or "" in line:
i=Regex_Theme.findall(line)
j=Regex_Content.findall(line)
if i != []:
Mail_Content.append(i)
if j != []:
Mail_Content.append(j)
Report_File.close()
#将读取到的测试报告的数据以html形式显示为邮件的中文
msgTest=MIMEText('''
Test completed,Test results are as follows:
'''
'''
'''
''''''+Mail_Content[0][0]+'''
'''
''''''+Mail_Content[1][0][0]+''''''+Mail_Content[1][0][1]+'''
'''
''''''+Mail_Content[2][0][0]+''''''+Mail_Content[2][0][1]+'''
'''
''''''+Mail_Content[3][0][0]+''''''+Mail_Content[3][0][1]+'''
'''
'''
'''
'''PS: Detailed test results please refer to the attachment
'''
,'html','utf-8')
msg.attach(msgTest)
#定义邮件的附件
att1 = MIMEText(open(file_new, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att1["Content-Disposition"] ='attachment; filename="Automation test report.html"'#这里的filename指的是附件的名称及类型
msg.attach(att1)
#将邮件的主题等相关信息添加到邮件实例
msg['Subject'] = Header(mail_subject)
msg['From'] = mail_from
msg['To'] = mail_to
msg['date']=time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z')
#创建发送服务器实例并将发送服务器添加到实例中
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(mail_smtpserver)
'''
#采用ssl加密传输
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.starttls()
smtp.ehlo()
'''
'''
#打印交互的日志信息
#smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
'''
#登录发送邮件服务器并进行邮件的发送
smtp.login(mail_username, mail_password)
smtp.sendmail(mail_from, mail_to, msg.as_string())
print u'Test report sent successfully，Please go to the following email to check the test report :%s' %mail_to
smtp.quit()
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":
send_Test_email('[email protected]')
当然，如果要使用email模块的其他功能，可以参考网上的以下7个列子：
一，文件形式的邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需参数‘utf-8'，单字节字符不需要
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()二、html形式的邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('你好
','html','utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = subject
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
三、带图片的html邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'
msgText = MIMEText('Some HTML text and an image.
good!','html','utf-8')
msgRoot.attach(msgText)
fp = open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb')
msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()
msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '')
msgRoot.attach(msgImage)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()
四、带附件的邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'
#构造附件
att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'
msgRoot.attach(att)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()
五、群邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
sender = '***'
receiver = ['***','****',……]
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = subject
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
六、包含各种元素的邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
# Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg['Subject'] = "Link"
# Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).
text = "Hi!\nHow are you?\nHere is the link you wanted:\nhttp://www.python.org"
html = """\
Hi!
How are you?
Here is the link you wanted.
"""
# Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.
part1 = MIMEText(text, 'plain')
part2 = MIMEText(html, 'html')
# Attach parts into message container.
# According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case
# the HTML message, is best and preferred.
msg.attach(part1)
msg.attach(part2)
#构造附件
att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'
msg.attach(att)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
7、基于ssl的邮件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需参数‘utf-8'，单字节字符不需要
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.starttls()
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.set_debuglevel(1)
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()