IBM Cloud 2019 - Cloud Load Balance 负载均衡 教程01
IC云上面的负载均衡有 CIS, CLB, LLB 多种不同类型。
CLB - Cloud LB网上有教程，大家可以简单联系一下，熟悉整个操作过程和参数配置。（其实所有的云的LB配置都较简单）
| 教程说明 |
教程01 https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/tutorials?topic=solution-tutorials-highly-available-and-scalable-web-application 说明： 1个CLB连到2台web, 这2台web配置成双份（同步）文件存储和备份。2台Web 连到1台DB.
|
| 教程步骤 |
教程01 操作步骤
0. 权限，VPN等前提条件都配置好
1. 创建1 vm Name= db1 OS= ubuntu minimal Size= 1C1G25GB，100Mbps
2. 安装配置mysql ssh root@ # apt-get update # apt-get -y install mysql-server # mysql_secure_installation pwd= password # mysql -u root -p CREATE DATABASE wordpress; GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP,ALTER ON wordpress.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; show databases; exit # nano /etc/mysql/my.cnf [mysqld] bind-address = 0.0.0.0
# systemctl restart mysql # netstat --listen --numeric-ports | grep 3306
3 创建 file storage https://cloud.ibm.com/catalog/infrastructure/file-storage Type= Endurance, Loc= hk2, bill=hour, size=20, IOPS= 2, snapshot=0,
Order id = 54898142, File storage 创建后的名字 IBM02SEV1503677_95， mount endpoint = fsf-hkg0201e-fz.service.softlayer.com:/IBM02SEV1503677_95/data01 菜单 authr device, 选device guest= 刚才创建的VM，进行授权
View list https://cloud.ibm.com/classic/storage/file 如果item太多，可以在菜单file storage filter 机房位置，大小来缩小查找范围
4. 在db1 VM上mount # apt-get update # apt-get -y install nfs-common # touch /etc/systemd/system/mnt-database.mount # nano /etc/systemd/system/mnt-database.mount [Unit] Description = Mount for Container Storage [Mount] What= fsf-hkg0201e-fz.service.softlayer.com:/IBM02SEV1503677_95/data01 Where=/mnt/database Type=nfs Options=vers=3,sec=sys,noauto [Install] WantedBy = multi-user.target
# mkdir /mnt/database # systemctl enable --now /etc/systemd/system/mnt-database.mount # mount
5. 创建备份脚本 # vi #!/bin/bash mysqldump -u root -p CHANGE_ME --all-databases --routines | gzip > /mnt/datamysql/backup-`date '+%m-%d-%Y-%H-%M-%S'`.sql.gz
# chmod 700 /root/dbbackup.sh # crontab -e 修改crontab 输入下面内容 # 0 23 * * * /root/dbbackup.sh
6. 创建2 VM php web Name=app1, app2, os=ubuntu minimal, size=1c1c25gb, 100Mbps,
7，创建 file storage between 2 web vm https://cloud.ibm.com/catalog/infrastructure/file-storage Type= Endurance, Loc= hk2, bill=hour, size=20, IOPS= 2, snapshot=20, Order id= 54906554 File storage 创建后的名字 IBM02SEV1503677_96， mount endpoint = fsf-hkg0201f-fz.service.softlayer.com:/IBM02SEV1503677_96/data01
edit snapshot 这一步可以不做 hourly 30, 24 copy daily 11pm, 7 copy weekly 1am,4 copy Authorized Hosts, click Authorize Host to authorize the application servers(app1 and app2)
8. 在app1 和 app2 的VM上mount # apt-get update # apt-get -y install nfs-common # touch /etc/systemd/system/mnt-www.mount # vi /etc/systemd/system/mnt-www.mount [Unit] Description = Mount for Container Storage [Mount] What= fsf-hkg0201f-fz.service.softlayer.com:/IBM02SEV1503677_96/data01 Where=/mnt/www Type=nfs Options=vers=3,sec=sys,noauto [Install] WantedBy = multi-user.target
# mkdir /mnt/www # systemctl enable --now /etc/systemd/system/mnt-www.mount # mount
9. 安装php web应用到app1和 app2 VM # apt-get update # apt-get -y install nginx # apt-get -y install php-fpm php-mysql # systemctl stop php7.2-fpm # systemctl stop nginx # vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/default server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; root /mnt/www/html; index index.php; server_name _; location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; access_log off; } location = /robots.txt { allow all; log_not_found off; access_log off; } location / { # following https://codex.wordpress.org/Nginx try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } # pass the PHP scripts to the local FastCGI server location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock; } location ~* \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ { expires max; log_not_found off; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } }
# mkdir -p /mnt/www/html # apt-get -y install curl # cd /tmp # curl -O https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz # scp latest.tar.gz [email protected]:/tmp 在另外一台机器重复操作一遍 # scp latest.tar.gz root@10.110.108.101:/tmp
# cd /tmp # tar xzvf latest.tar.gz # cp /tmp/wordpress/wp-config-sample.php /tmp/wordpress/wp-config.php # mkdir /tmp/wordpress/wp-content/upgrade # rsync -av -P /tmp/wordpress/. /mnt/www/html # chown -R www-data:www-data /mnt/www/html find /mnt/www/html -type d -exec chmod g+s {} \; chmod g+w /mnt/www/html/wp-content chmod -R g+w /mnt/www/html/wp-content/themes chmod -R g+w /mnt/www/html/wp-content/plugins # curl -s https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ vi /mnt/www/html/wp-config.php 修改为后台db的参数 define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress'); define('DB_USER', 'root'); define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password'); define('DB_HOST', '10.110.108.87');
启动服务 # systemctl start php7.2-fpm # systemctl start nginx
浏览器测试一下 如果需要配置wordpress , 输入http://119.81.237.87/wp-admin/ 这一步先不做，后面做
10. 创建 Cloud Load Balance 菜单 https://cloud.ibm.com/catalog/infrastructure/ibm-cloud-load-balancer Name= clb-app-lb-1 DC=HK2 和刚才app1,app2 同一个机房 Type=public to private, subnet of app1, app2, public ip= allocate from ibm system pool protocol = 默认 add server= app1, app2 点击create 创建
创建后检查，在 https://cloud.ibm.com/classic/network/loadbalancing/cloud 上面菜单按钮有refresh table, 需要等2-5分钟，才会把刚才创建的CLB item灰色变成正常使用状态 Address = clb-app-lb-1-1503677-hkg02.clb.appdomain.cloud Ip = 119.81.229.4
11. 修改应用wordpress 的配置, 以使用LB URL 浏览器 菜单Settings / General, set both the Wordpress Address (URL) and Site Address (URL) to the Load Balancer address http://119.81.237.87/wp-admin/options-general.php wordpress address url= http://119.81.229.4 (#就是前端CLB的IP地址) site address url = http:// 119.81.229.4 参数参考https://wordpress.org/support/article/settings-general-screen/
12. 测试整个环境 LB加2Web A 命令行 看nginx log # tail -f /var/log/nginx/*.log 关闭nginx # systemctl stop nginx 重启 nginx # systemctl start nginx
B 测试次序 同时登录2台机器里面app1, app2，停止或者重启nginx， 再打开log，前端仍然不断reload page of LB url 1) 在app1机器，停止nginx， 2) 在app2机器，停止nginx， 如果2台机器都关了，LB页面会显示503 Service Unavailable 3) 在app1机器，重启nginx, 4) 在app2机器，重启nginx,
《完》
|
