PagerAdapter,FragmentPagerAdapter,FragmentStatePagerAdapter

三者的关系比较简单,FragmentPagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAdapter都是PagerAdapter的子类,然后PagerAdapter是和ViewPager搭配使用的,FragmentPagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAdapter都是用在ViewPager和Fragment搭配的场合。
首先我们来看下PagerAdapter

/**
 * Base class providing the adapter to populate pages inside of
 * a {@link ViewPager}.  You will most likely want to use a more
 * specific implementation of this, such as
 * {@link android.support.v4.app.FragmentPagerAdapter} or
 * {@link android.support.v4.app.FragmentStatePagerAdapter}.
 *
 * 

When you implement a PagerAdapter, you must override the following methods * at minimum:

*
    *
  • {@link #instantiateItem(ViewGroup, int)}
  • *
  • {@link #destroyItem(ViewGroup, int, Object)}
  • *
  • {@link #getCount()}
  • *
  • {@link #isViewFromObject(View, Object)}
  • *
* *

PagerAdapter is more general than the adapters used for * {@link android.widget.AdapterView AdapterViews}. Instead of providing a * View recycling mechanism directly ViewPager uses callbacks to indicate the * steps taken during an update. A PagerAdapter may implement a form of View * recycling if desired or use a more sophisticated method of managing page * Views such as Fragment transactions where each page is represented by its * own Fragment.

* *

ViewPager associates each page with a key Object instead of working with * Views directly. This key is used to track and uniquely identify a given page * independent of its position in the adapter. A call to the PagerAdapter method * {@link #startUpdate(ViewGroup)} indicates that the contents of the ViewPager * are about to change. One or more calls to {@link #instantiateItem(ViewGroup, int)} * and/or {@link #destroyItem(ViewGroup, int, Object)} will follow, and the end * of an update will be signaled by a call to {@link #finishUpdate(ViewGroup)}. * By the time {@link #finishUpdate(ViewGroup) finishUpdate} returns the views * associated with the key objects returned by * {@link #instantiateItem(ViewGroup, int) instantiateItem} should be added to * the parent ViewGroup passed to these methods and the views associated with * the keys passed to {@link #destroyItem(ViewGroup, int, Object) destroyItem} * should be removed. The method {@link #isViewFromObject(View, Object)} identifies * whether a page View is associated with a given key object.

* *

A very simple PagerAdapter may choose to use the page Views themselves * as key objects, returning them from {@link #instantiateItem(ViewGroup, int)} * after creation and adding them to the parent ViewGroup. A matching * {@link #destroyItem(ViewGroup, int, Object)} implementation would remove the * View from the parent ViewGroup and {@link #isViewFromObject(View, Object)} * could be implemented as return view == object;.

* *

PagerAdapter supports data set changes. Data set changes must occur on the * main thread and must end with a call to {@link #notifyDataSetChanged()} similar * to AdapterView adapters derived from {@link android.widget.BaseAdapter}. A data * set change may involve pages being added, removed, or changing position. The * ViewPager will keep the current page active provided the adapter implements * the method {@link #getItemPosition(Object)}.

*/ public abstract class PagerAdapter { private DataSetObservable mObservable = new DataSetObservable(); public static final int POSITION_UNCHANGED = -1; public static final int POSITION_NONE = -2; /** * Return the number of views available. */ public abstract int getCount(); /** * Called when a change in the shown pages is going to start being made. * @param container The containing View which is displaying this adapter's * page views. */ public void startUpdate(ViewGroup container) { startUpdate((View) container); } /** * Create the page for the given position. The adapter is responsible * for adding the view to the container given here, although it only * must ensure this is done by the time it returns from * {@link #finishUpdate(ViewGroup)}. * * @param container The containing View in which the page will be shown. * @param position The page position to be instantiated. * @return Returns an Object representing the new page. This does not * need to be a View, but can be some other container of the page. */ public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) { return instantiateItem((View) container, position); } /** * Remove a page for the given position. The adapter is responsible * for removing the view from its container, although it only must ensure * this is done by the time it returns from {@link #finishUpdate(ViewGroup)}. * * @param container The containing View from which the page will be removed. * @param position The page position to be removed. * @param object The same object that was returned by * {@link #instantiateItem(View, int)}. */ public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { destroyItem((View) container, position, object); } /** * Called to inform the adapter of which item is currently considered to * be the "primary", that is the one show to the user as the current page. * * @param container The containing View from which the page will be removed. * @param position The page position that is now the primary. * @param object The same object that was returned by * {@link #instantiateItem(View, int)}. */ public void setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { setPrimaryItem((View) container, position, object); } /** * Called when the a change in the shown pages has been completed. At this * point you must ensure that all of the pages have actually been added or * removed from the container as appropriate. * @param container The containing View which is displaying this adapter's * page views. */ public void finishUpdate(ViewGroup container) { finishUpdate((View) container); } /** * Called when a change in the shown pages is going to start being made. * @param container The containing View which is displaying this adapter's * page views. * * @deprecated Use {@link #startUpdate(ViewGroup)} */ public void startUpdate(View container) { } /** * Create the page for the given position. The adapter is responsible * for adding the view to the container given here, although it only * must ensure this is done by the time it returns from * {@link #finishUpdate(ViewGroup)}. * * @param container The containing View in which the page will be shown. * @param position The page position to be instantiated. * @return Returns an Object representing the new page. This does not * need to be a View, but can be some other container of the page. * * @deprecated Use {@link #instantiateItem(ViewGroup, int)} */ public Object instantiateItem(View container, int position) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException( "Required method instantiateItem was not overridden"); } /** * Remove a page for the given position. The adapter is responsible * for removing the view from its container, although it only must ensure * this is done by the time it returns from {@link #finishUpdate(View)}. * * @param container The containing View from which the page will be removed. * @param position The page position to be removed. * @param object The same object that was returned by * {@link #instantiateItem(View, int)}. * * @deprecated Use {@link #destroyItem(ViewGroup, int, Object)} */ public void destroyItem(View container, int position, Object object) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Required method destroyItem was not overridden"); } /** * Called to inform the adapter of which item is currently considered to * be the "primary", that is the one show to the user as the current page. * * @param container The containing View from which the page will be removed. * @param position The page position that is now the primary. * @param object The same object that was returned by * {@link #instantiateItem(View, int)}. * * @deprecated Use {@link #setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup, int, Object)} */ public void setPrimaryItem(View container, int position, Object object) { } /** * Called when the a change in the shown pages has been completed. At this * point you must ensure that all of the pages have actually been added or * removed from the container as appropriate. * @param container The containing View which is displaying this adapter's * page views. * * @deprecated Use {@link #finishUpdate(ViewGroup)} */ public void finishUpdate(View container) { } /** * Determines whether a page View is associated with a specific key object * as returned by {@link #instantiateItem(ViewGroup, int)}. This method is * required for a PagerAdapter to function properly. * * @param view Page View to check for association with object * @param object Object to check for association with view * @return true if view is associated with the key object object */ public abstract boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object); /** * Save any instance state associated with this adapter and its pages that should be * restored if the current UI state needs to be reconstructed. * * @return Saved state for this adapter */ public Parcelable saveState() { return null; } /** * Restore any instance state associated with this adapter and its pages * that was previously saved by {@link #saveState()}. * * @param state State previously saved by a call to {@link #saveState()} * @param loader A ClassLoader that should be used to instantiate any restored objects */ public void restoreState(Parcelable state, ClassLoader loader) { } /** * Called when the host view is attempting to determine if an item's position * has changed. Returns {@link #POSITION_UNCHANGED} if the position of the given * item has not changed or {@link #POSITION_NONE} if the item is no longer present * in the adapter. * *

The default implementation assumes that items will never * change position and always returns {@link #POSITION_UNCHANGED}. * * @param object Object representing an item, previously returned by a call to * {@link #instantiateItem(View, int)}. * @return object's new position index from [0, {@link #getCount()}), * {@link #POSITION_UNCHANGED} if the object's position has not changed, * or {@link #POSITION_NONE} if the item is no longer present. */ public int getItemPosition(Object object) { return POSITION_UNCHANGED; } /** * This method should be called by the application if the data backing this adapter has changed * and associated views should update. */ public void notifyDataSetChanged() { mObservable.notifyChanged(); } /** * Register an observer to receive callbacks related to the adapter's data changing. * * @param observer The {@link android.database.DataSetObserver} which will receive callbacks. */ public void registerDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) { mObservable.registerObserver(observer); } /** * Unregister an observer from callbacks related to the adapter's data changing. * * @param observer The {@link android.database.DataSetObserver} which will be unregistered. */ public void unregisterDataSetObserver(DataSetObserver observer) { mObservable.unregisterObserver(observer); } /** * This method may be called by the ViewPager to obtain a title string * to describe the specified page. This method may return null * indicating no title for this page. The default implementation returns * null. * * @param position The position of the title requested * @return A title for the requested page */ public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) { return null; } /** * Returns the proportional width of a given page as a percentage of the * ViewPager's measured width from (0.f-1.f] * * @param position The position of the page requested * @return Proportional width for the given page position */ public float getPageWidth(int position) { return 1.f; } }

比较重要的当然是我们需要重写的四个方法,在注释中说的非常清楚,我们在使用PagerAdapter时这四个方法必须重写。另外可参阅 ViewPager的那些事——你真了解预加载机制吗?,我们已经解释过了ViewPager在发生变动的时候都会调用populate方法,而在这个方法每次变化之前会调用startUpdate,结束时会调用finishUpdate,而在处理过程中使用预加载机制,会动态的删除或者新建一些Item,这时就会调用instantiateItem和destroyItem。而对于getCount,getItemPosition和notifyDataSetChanged,跟我们最常用的ListView非常类似,在这就不再赘述。在介绍预加载时我们也提到过getPageWidth,setPrimaryItem方法的作用,getPageTitles相信也不用多说。
另外需要额外注意的是两组方法,saveState和restoreState,我们稍后分析FragmentStatePagerAdapter时再详细分析。还有一组就是unregisterDataSetObserver,registerDataSetObserver用来接收adapter的数据变化。
接着我们来查看FragmentPagerAdapter的源码。

 * Implementation of {@link android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter} that
 * represents each page as a {@link Fragment} that is persistently
 * kept in the fragment manager as long as the user can return to the page.
 *
 * 

This version of the pager is best for use when there are a handful of * typically more static fragments to be paged through, such as a set of tabs. * The fragment of each page the user visits will be kept in memory, though its * view hierarchy may be destroyed when not visible. This can result in using * a significant amount of memory since fragment instances can hold on to an * arbitrary amount of state. For larger sets of pages, consider * {@link FragmentStatePagerAdapter}. * *

When using FragmentPagerAdapter the host ViewPager must have a * valid ID set.

* *

Subclasses only need to implement {@link #getItem(int)} * and {@link #getCount()} to have a working adapter. * *

Here is an example implementation of a pager containing fragments of * lists: * * {@sample development/samples/Support4Demos/src/com/example/android/supportv4/app/FragmentPagerSupport.java * complete} * *

The R.layout.fragment_pager resource of the top-level fragment is: * * {@sample development/samples/Support4Demos/res/layout/fragment_pager.xml * complete} * *

The R.layout.fragment_pager_list resource containing each * individual fragment's layout is: * * {@sample development/samples/Support4Demos/res/layout/fragment_pager_list.xml * complete} */ public abstract class FragmentPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter { private static final String TAG = "FragmentPagerAdapter"; private static final boolean DEBUG = false; private final FragmentManager mFragmentManager; private FragmentTransaction mCurTransaction = null; private Fragment mCurrentPrimaryItem = null; public FragmentPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) { mFragmentManager = fm; } /** * Return the Fragment associated with a specified position. */ public abstract Fragment getItem(int position); @Override public void startUpdate(ViewGroup container) { } @Override public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) { if (mCurTransaction == null) { mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction(); } final long itemId = getItemId(position); // Do we already have this fragment? String name = makeFragmentName(container.getId(), itemId); Fragment fragment = mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(name); if (fragment != null) { if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Attaching item #" + itemId + ": f=" + fragment); mCurTransaction.attach(fragment); } else { fragment = getItem(position); if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + itemId + ": f=" + fragment); mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment, makeFragmentName(container.getId(), itemId)); } if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) { fragment.setMenuVisibility(false); fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false); } return fragment; } @Override public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { if (mCurTransaction == null) { mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction(); } if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Detaching item #" + getItemId(position) + ": f=" + object + " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView()); mCurTransaction.detach((Fragment)object); } @Override public void setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object; if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) { if (mCurrentPrimaryItem != null) { mCurrentPrimaryItem.setMenuVisibility(false); mCurrentPrimaryItem.setUserVisibleHint(false); } if (fragment != null) { fragment.setMenuVisibility(true); fragment.setUserVisibleHint(true); } mCurrentPrimaryItem = fragment; } } @Override public void finishUpdate(ViewGroup container) { if (mCurTransaction != null) { mCurTransaction.commitAllowingStateLoss(); mCurTransaction = null; mFragmentManager.executePendingTransactions(); } } @Override public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) { return ((Fragment)object).getView() == view; } @Override public Parcelable saveState() { return null; } @Override public void restoreState(Parcelable state, ClassLoader loader) { } /** * Return a unique identifier for the item at the given position. * *

The default implementation returns the given position. * Subclasses should override this method if the positions of items can change.

* * @param position Position within this adapter * @return Unique identifier for the item at position */ public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } private static String makeFragmentName(int viewId, long id) { return "android:switcher:" + viewId + ":" + id; } }

通过查看注释我们看到FragmentPagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAdapter最大的区别是Framgment的对象实例是否销毁,官方也更推荐我们使用FragmentStatePagerAdapter。
FragmentPagerAdapter最重要的是在instantiateItem方法里边把Framgent给attach上,然后在destroyItem里边detach,在finishUpdate里边最终提交整个Transaction。这些都比较明显,也易于理解。另外网上一直盛传的解决预加载的终极方案(至少我个人认为是的),能过Framgent的getView和setUserVisibleHint来组合判断,view不为空,并且可见时网络请求。原理就在这,setPrimaryItem会把当前要显示的Fragment调用setUserVisibleHint(true),而原来的那个mCurrentPrimaryItem.setUserVisibleHint(false)。
最后让我们来查看FragmentStatePagerAdapter的源码。

/**
 * Implementation of {@link android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter} that
 * uses a {@link Fragment} to manage each page. This class also handles
 * saving and restoring of fragment's state.
 *
 * 

This version of the pager is more useful when there are a large number * of pages, working more like a list view. When pages are not visible to * the user, their entire fragment may be destroyed, only keeping the saved * state of that fragment. This allows the pager to hold on to much less * memory associated with each visited page as compared to * {@link FragmentPagerAdapter} at the cost of potentially more overhead when * switching between pages. * *

When using FragmentPagerAdapter the host ViewPager must have a * valid ID set.

* *

Subclasses only need to implement {@link #getItem(int)} * and {@link #getCount()} to have a working adapter. * *

Here is an example implementation of a pager containing fragments of * lists: * * {@sample development/samples/Support13Demos/src/com/example/android/supportv13/app/FragmentStatePagerSupport.java * complete} * *

The R.layout.fragment_pager resource of the top-level fragment is: * * {@sample development/samples/Support13Demos/res/layout/fragment_pager.xml * complete} * *

The R.layout.fragment_pager_list resource containing each * individual fragment's layout is: * * {@sample development/samples/Support13Demos/res/layout/fragment_pager_list.xml * complete} */ public abstract class FragmentStatePagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter { private static final String TAG = "FragmentStatePagerAdapter"; private static final boolean DEBUG = false; private final FragmentManager mFragmentManager; private FragmentTransaction mCurTransaction = null; private ArrayList mSavedState = new ArrayList(); private ArrayList mFragments = new ArrayList(); private Fragment mCurrentPrimaryItem = null; public FragmentStatePagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) { mFragmentManager = fm; } /** * Return the Fragment associated with a specified position. */ public abstract Fragment getItem(int position); @Override public void startUpdate(ViewGroup container) { } @Override public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) { // If we already have this item instantiated, there is nothing // to do. This can happen when we are restoring the entire pager // from its saved state, where the fragment manager has already // taken care of restoring the fragments we previously had instantiated. if (mFragments.size() > position) { Fragment f = mFragments.get(position); if (f != null) { return f; } } if (mCurTransaction == null) { mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction(); } Fragment fragment = getItem(position); if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + position + ": f=" + fragment); if (mSavedState.size() > position) { Fragment.SavedState fss = mSavedState.get(position); if (fss != null) { fragment.setInitialSavedState(fss); } } while (mFragments.size() <= position) { mFragments.add(null); } fragment.setMenuVisibility(false); fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false); mFragments.set(position, fragment); mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment); return fragment; } @Override public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object; if (mCurTransaction == null) { mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction(); } if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Removing item #" + position + ": f=" + object + " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView()); while (mSavedState.size() <= position) { mSavedState.add(null); } mSavedState.set(position, mFragmentManager.saveFragmentInstanceState(fragment)); mFragments.set(position, null); mCurTransaction.remove(fragment); } @Override public void setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) { Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object; if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) { if (mCurrentPrimaryItem != null) { mCurrentPrimaryItem.setMenuVisibility(false); mCurrentPrimaryItem.setUserVisibleHint(false); } if (fragment != null) { fragment.setMenuVisibility(true); fragment.setUserVisibleHint(true); } mCurrentPrimaryItem = fragment; } } @Override public void finishUpdate(ViewGroup container) { if (mCurTransaction != null) { mCurTransaction.commitAllowingStateLoss(); mCurTransaction = null; mFragmentManager.executePendingTransactions(); } } @Override public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) { return ((Fragment)object).getView() == view; } @Override public Parcelable saveState() { Bundle state = null; if (mSavedState.size() > 0) { state = new Bundle(); Fragment.SavedState[] fss = new Fragment.SavedState[mSavedState.size()]; mSavedState.toArray(fss); state.putParcelableArray("states", fss); } for (int i=0; i keys = bundle.keySet(); for (String key: keys) { if (key.startsWith("f")) { int index = Integer.parseInt(key.substring(1)); Fragment f = mFragmentManager.getFragment(bundle, key); if (f != null) { while (mFragments.size() <= index) { mFragments.add(null); } f.setMenuVisibility(false); mFragments.set(index, f); } else { Log.w(TAG, "Bad fragment at key " + key); } } } } } }

前边说过FragmentPagerAdapter和FragmentStatePagerAdapter最大的差别在于是否会销毁Fragment的实例。那么关键的代码肯定是在instantiateItem和destroyItem里边。
我们先来看FragmentPagerAdapter的方法

 @Override
    public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
        if (mCurTransaction == null) {
            mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        }

        final long itemId = getItemId(position);

        // Do we already have this fragment?
        String name = makeFragmentName(container.getId(), itemId);
        Fragment fragment = mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(name);
        if (fragment != null) {
            if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Attaching item #" + itemId + ": f=" + fragment);
            mCurTransaction.attach(fragment);
        } else {
            fragment = getItem(position);
            if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + itemId + ": f=" + fragment);
            mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment,
                    makeFragmentName(container.getId(), itemId));
        }
        if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) {
            fragment.setMenuVisibility(false);
            fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false);
        }

        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
        if (mCurTransaction == null) {
            mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        }
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Detaching item #" + getItemId(position) + ": f=" + object
                + " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView());
        mCurTransaction.detach((Fragment)object);
    }

只要没有就add,然后一直都是在attach和detach。Fragment一旦加进去就不会被销毁。
再来查看FragmentStatePagerAdapter

@Override
    public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
        // If we already have this item instantiated, there is nothing
        // to do.  This can happen when we are restoring the entire pager
        // from its saved state, where the fragment manager has already
        // taken care of restoring the fragments we previously had instantiated.
        if (mFragments.size() > position) {
            Fragment f = mFragments.get(position);
            if (f != null) {
                return f;
            }
        }

        if (mCurTransaction == null) {
            mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        }

        Fragment fragment = getItem(position);
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + position + ": f=" + fragment);
        if (mSavedState.size() > position) {
            Fragment.SavedState fss = mSavedState.get(position);
            if (fss != null) {
                fragment.setInitialSavedState(fss);
            }
        }
        while (mFragments.size() <= position) {
            mFragments.add(null);
        }
        fragment.setMenuVisibility(false);
        fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false);
        mFragments.set(position, fragment);
        mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment);

        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
        Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object;

        if (mCurTransaction == null) {
            mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        }
        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Removing item #" + position + ": f=" + object
                + " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView());
        while (mSavedState.size() <= position) {
            mSavedState.add(null);
        }
        mSavedState.set(position, mFragmentManager.saveFragmentInstanceState(fragment));
        mFragments.set(position, null);

        mCurTransaction.remove(fragment);
    }

FragmentStatePagerAdapter另外维护了一个ArrayList类型的 mSavedState 和一个ArrayList mFragments。每个新建一个Fragment时就从mSavedState 里边找到SavedState ,通过setInitialSavedState把状态恢复了,然后再add进来。然后在destroyItem时,先把状态能过saveFragmentInstanceState保存起来,然后再把mFragments里边的对象置空,最后是remove掉了。这就解释了官方说的跟FragmentPagerAdapter最大的差别。

@Override
    public Parcelable saveState() {
        Bundle state = null;
        if (mSavedState.size() > 0) {
            state = new Bundle();
            Fragment.SavedState[] fss = new Fragment.SavedState[mSavedState.size()];
            mSavedState.toArray(fss);
            state.putParcelableArray("states", fss);
        }
        for (int i=0; i keys = bundle.keySet();
            for (String key: keys) {
                if (key.startsWith("f")) {
                    int index = Integer.parseInt(key.substring(1));
                    Fragment f = mFragmentManager.getFragment(bundle, key);
                    if (f != null) {
                        while (mFragments.size() <= index) {
                            mFragments.add(null);
                        }
                        f.setMenuVisibility(false);
                        mFragments.set(index, f);
                    } else {
                        Log.w(TAG, "Bad fragment at key " + key);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

简单来说就是过Bundle把Fragment的FragmentState存储起来。具体的请看后续分析。

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